Oportunidades e desafios em macroecologia marinha
Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
Data
2019-02-27
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Macroecology, like other fields of ecology, has been historically a terrestrial discipline.
However, marine biodiversity may contain key features for our understanding of global
diversity patterns. Here, I explored this possibility by integrating knowledge about the marine
environment with hypotheses and verbal models used to explain geographic variations in
species diversity. Initially, I used marine productivity data to evaluate the effect of spatial
subsidies on island plant diversity (Chapter 1). This study showed that, contrary to the
proposed hypothesis, there is no evidence that allochthonous resources influence the diversity
of small islands. Subsequently, I realized a conceptual review of the main mechanisms
proposed to explain the latitudinal gradient of speciation under a marine perspective (chapter
2). In this review I show that, unlike the terrestrial system, each mechanism generates
predictions totally different in the oceans. Nevertheless, it is also necessary to recognize and
highlight the limitations that are inherent to marine biodiversity data, especially sample bias.
Therefore, I evaluated here the state of our knowledge about the latitudinal distribution of
different taxonomic groups (Chapter 3). In this study I reveal the existence of a species
absence gradient that is strongly associated with low sampling effort in the tropics. Finally, I
tested through a simulation model the efficiency of the empirical sample effort to accurately
detect diversity patterns generated in a virtual ocean (Chapter 4). The result showed that the
diversity gradient currently observed in the oceans does not differ from what is recorded after
applying the same sampling effort in a simple null model. Therefore, I conclude that marine
biodiversity may, indeed, be of great importance to understand macroecological patterns.
However, there are still some geographic and taxonomic gaps that need to be addressed in
order to explore this knowledge to its full potential.
Descrição
Citação
DOMINGOS, André Menegotto. Oportunidades e desafios em macroecologia marinha. 2019. 182 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ecologia e Evolução) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2019.