Condições de saúde bucal em escolares de 12 anos do município de Goiânia-GO, 2010
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2011-12-20
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The monitoring of oral health status of populations through epidemiological studies is necessary both to assess the situation and treatment needs and to evaluate the results of actions by public services. The aim of this study was to investigate the oral health status of 12-year-old schoolchildren in the city of Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil in 2010. We sought to check the tendency of the conditions surveyed in relation to previous surveys in the municipality and compare the results among the seven Health Districts (HD). We conducted a cross-sectional study using the methodologies of the Brazilian National Oral Health Surveys of 2003 and 2010 in 39 schools (24 public and 15 private) in the municipality. Sample size was calculated using an equation for proportions based on caries prevalence, and was randomly selected in two stages. Data on the following oral conditions were collected through clinical examination: dental caries (Decayed, Missing, or Filled teeth Index - DMFT), periodontal condition (Community Periodontal Index - CPI), dentofacial anomaly (Dental Aesthetics Index - DAI), dental fluorosis (Dean Index) and dental trauma. The study was approved by the Basic Research Institute of the Federal University of Goiás (Report 226/2010). Of the 2,962 students invited to participate in the study, 2,075 were examined (response rate= 70.1%). Caries prevalence was low (46% caries-free children; DMFT= 1.51), showing a downward trend of the disease since the 1980s. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was substantial (18.7%) and there was a predominance of mild levels. Malocclusion was observed in 40.1% of the students, with higher prevalence of definite and severe levels. There were increased levels of fluorosis and malocclusion in relation to data from 2003. The occurrence of periodontal condition (bleeding and/or calculus) was low (7.0%) and lower than that found in 2003. The percentage of students with any type of dental trauma was low (17.2%), and the fracture of enamel was the most prevalent type. For most conditions, the Campinas Center HD had the lowest prevalence and the Northwest HD the highest prevalence. It is concluded that there were changes in the prevalence of the oral conditions surveyed in comparison with previous years and also that there are inequalities that reflect the socioeconomic status of the HD in Goiânia.
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VASCONCELOS, Daniela Nobre. Oral health status of 12-year-old schoolchildren in the city of Goiânia, Goiás, 2010. 2011. 151 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2011.