Biomarcadores no diagnóstico da doença renal em cães

Abstract

The goal of the study was to evaluate cystatin C and other biomarkers as diagnostic tools in canine renal disease. The project was divided in two studies. In the first study renal injury was induced in 6 animals by subcutaneous administration of gentamicin (30mg/kg) for 10 days, and 6 animals were kept as controls. Animals were evaluated for 45 days by the following clinical and laboratorial parameters: physical examination; hemogram and fibrinogen levels; measurement of creatinine, urea, total proteins, albumin, phosphorus, calcium, sodium, potassium, cholesterol levels (biochemical analysis); serum protein electrophoresis; urine sodium, potassium, gamma glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase levels; urinalysis; urine protein / creatinine ratio; hemogasometry and non-invasive systemic arterial pressure. The second study evaluated the level of cystatin C in 58 dogs suffering from different stages (2-4) of chronical renal disease, as defined by International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) guidelines. Six animals presenting acute renal injury induced bygentamicin treatment were also evaluated (for 20 time points upon injury). The results indicated that changes in urine gamma glutamyl transferase and fractional excretion of sodium and potassium were the earliest parameters indicating acute renal injury, even when compared to most common renal disease biomarkers: urea and creatinine. Cystatin C measurement, on the other hand, showed little value for early detection of chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury in dogs.