Respostas da variedade CTC-4 de cana-de-açúcar em função de dados agroclimáticos e espectrais em Santo Antônio de Goiás
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2017-08-29
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Sugarcane is one of the crops that has relevance in the Brazilian economy due to its
diversified utility. Consequently, the availability of accurate information on biometric
behavior, crop tolerance and crop productivity can assist in the decision-making of variety
roll-out in the region. Information about the climatic conditions of a region associated with
mathematical models of agricultural productivity estimation is important for the sugar and
alcohol sector, helping to organize the operations in the plants. The objective of this study
was to evaluate sugarcane responses to central-western agrometeorological variables as well
as to compare four methods to estimate sugarcane productivity in the municipality of Santo
Antonio de Goias. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Santo Antônio de
Goiás, whose productive area belongs to the CentroÁlcool S.A. plant. The sugarcane variety
CTC-04 was used in a productive area of 193 ha, with cultivation in dry conditions. The
evaluations were carried out in the cane-plant and cane-soca cycle (1st and 2nd soca),
referring to the harvests of 2013/2014, 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. The biometric variables
were: height, diameter, number of green leaves and index of leaf area in relation to time and
climatic variables. Evapotranspiration was obtained by the FAO standard Penman-Monteith
method, the daily climatological water balance was calculated by the methodology proposed
by Thornthwaite and Mather. The estimation of productivity of the sugarcane crop was
estimated by four models: Agroecological Zone (ZAE), model proposed by Scarpari, model
proposed by Martins and Landell and Spectral Agrometeorological. The precipitation
volume in the years of 2014, 2015 and 2016 in the dry and rainy periods registered a volume
lower than predicted in the climatological normal. The average air temperature remained
within the expected range. The water balance of the crop recorded in crop seasons 13/14,
14/15 and 15/16 an accumulated water deficit of 857.91 mm, 772.38 mm, 599.81 mm
respectively. The biometric behavior of sugarcane cultivated in Santo Antônio de Goiás
presented an average rate ofstem height and diameter in the crops of 13/14, 14/15 and 15/16
of 0.49 cm day -1, 0.022 mm, 1.14 cm dia-1 0.04 mm and 0.75 cm dia, 0.04 mm respectively.
The average number of green leaves was 7 leaves for crops 13/14 and 14/15 and 8 in the
15/16 crop. The CTC-04 variety showed a better productivity index in rainfed cultivation in
the cane-plant cycle. Among the models analyzed to estimate the sugarcane yield, Spectral
Agrometeorological showed superior capacity in relation to the others to estimate sugarcane
productivity. In addition, its implementation is low cost and allows throughout the crop to
monitor the average climatic conditions by phenological stage, identifying the potential
losses in productivity caused by water deficiency. The model proposed by Scarpari presented
a better estimate of sugarcane productivity in the cane-plant cycle. The model proposed by
Martins and Landell overestimated the actual productivity of the crop probably because it
does not count on a penalization of the occurrence of climate restriction.
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QUIRINO, D. T. Respostas da variedade CTC-4 de cana-de-açúcar em função de dados agroclimáticos e espectrais em Santo Antônio de Goiás. 2017. 115 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.