Diversidade e estrutura genética em populações naturais de Pterodon emarginatus Vogel (leguminosae)
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2017-09-22
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Genetic diversity is a fundamental component for the survival of any species over evolutionary
time, because it is the repertoire of possible responses to environmental pressures, which are
dynamic and constant. Knowledge of the magnitude and structuring patterns of this diversity
allows to understand how environmental and microevolutionary factors have interacted over time
and shaped the populations. Microsatellite markers have been the most used molecular tool in
recent decades for mapping studies of diversity and genetic structure due to its high degree of
polymorphism, genomic abundance and codominant nature. For native species these markers rarely
are available, however, the regions flanking the microsatellites are usually conserved among
evolutionarily close species, which allows the transfer of these markers. Pterodon emarginatus
Vogel, popularly known as Sucupira branca, is a tree plant belonging to the legume family. This
species is widely used for medicinal purposes because of the broad properties of its secondary
compounds. In addition, it provides rigid wood of interest for construction and is also used as an
ornamental species. Despite the substantial number of studies directed to the medicinal potential,
little is known about the genetic diversity present in this species. Therefore, the objectives of the
work were to transfer to P. emarginatus microsatellite markers developed for Dipteryx alata and to
access the diversity and genetic structure in natural populations of P. emarginatus. For this, the
cross-amplification of 25 primers were tested and 12 natural populations were genotyped for 6 loci.
Of the 25 primers tested, 2 (8%) showed good amplification and polymorphism pattern. The set of
markers used revealed a total of 45 alleles for the 12 populations evaluated, with a mean of 7.667
per locus. This value ranged from 4 (DaE12) to 22 (PVESTBR067). Populations showed
intermediate levels of genetic diversity (He = 0.555) and greater variability within populations than
among populations. Small but significant levels of inbreeding were detected due to both the mating
system and the population subdivision (f = 0.07; Fst = 0.073). These results support that the species
presents a mixed mating system, being preferentially allogama. The pattern of divergence among
populations was moderately structured in space (Mantel = 0.440, p <0.002) indicating a profile of
large continuous populations with significant levels of gene flow over distances up to
approximately 400 km.
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PINTO, M. V. P. Diversidade e estrutura genética em populações naturais de Pterodon emarginatus Vogel (leguminosae). 2017. 50 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.