Realismo e realidade em Graciliano Ramos

Abstract

The present work aims to analyse Graciliano Ramos's fiction (Caetés, São Bernardo, Angústia and Vidas Secas), trying to discover lhe aesthetic relation between author, work and the (social) reality. Based on the premise that - as well 011 art as on science - this is always a dialectic relation, the artistic code of the novels studied exists due to the social praxis of the author. Our analysis was guided by the "footprint" of critics like Lukács and Goldmann, passing upon Otto Maria Carpeaux, Antonio Candido and Rui Mourão, up to João Luiz Lafetá, Carlos Nelson Coutinho, Benjamin Abdala Junior an<l Zenir Campos Reis. It was possible to remark that the Graciliano Ramos's fiction reprcsents, along with great forms and types of the universal literature, a unit that reílects thc csscntial connections between the man and his world in an artistic way. ln the contcxt of an inhurnanised world, in which it is common to see people's thought building a chaotic representation of the society, Graciliano Ramos's art intends to reílect this social reality _ the world of humans - as a lively totality formed by the contradictory unit of essencc and appearance. And, discurtaining the fantasmaghoric (alienated) impression of the society, Graciliano Ramos's art contradicts the order of capitalism, brcaks off with witchery and takes part by reílecting, in a sensitive way, lhe human's trajcctory, threatened by the inlmmanising forms of oppression.