Fatores psicossociais maternos e a saúde bucal de pré-escolares
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2019-02-26
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Introduction: The psychosocial determinants of oral health are more frequently investigated in adults and there are still gaps in knowledge with regard to preschool children. Objective: To investigate whether maternal psychosocial factors (Religiosity and Sense of Coherence) are associated with the oral health of children aged 4 to 6 years. Methodology: Cross-sectional study of 85 children attended in dental clinics of two schools of specialization in Paediatric Dentistry of Goiás, the Central-West region of Brazil, and their mothers. The dependent variables were related to the children’s oral health: behaviour in the dental clinic, dental health condition (caries experience) and oral health behaviours (oral hygiene and
consumption of foods containing sugar). The explanatory variables were the maternal
Religiosity and Sense of Coherence (SOC). Other independent variables were related to the
children (sociodemographic and oral health characteristics), the families (socioeconomic
condition, parents living together and care of the child) and the mothers (age, schooling,
number of children, perception of the children's teeth and oral health variables). The data
were collected through interview and questionnaire with the mothers and the children's clinical records. For the data analysis bivariate tests and Poisson regression were performed. This study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CAAE:
81203317.5.0000.5083). Results: Children’s caries prevalence was 83.5%, most of them
brushed their teeth from one to two times a day (91.4%) and made daily use of dental floss
(63.8%). Regarding the children’s diet, 68.2% of them had low frequency of sweets
consumption, 87.1% of soft drinks and 67.1% of artificial juice. Nearly 21% of the children
showed negative behaviour during the dental care. Most of the mothers had high levels of
SOC (51.8%) and of Religiosity (65.5%). There was association between maternal SOC and
the children's behaviour in dental clinic (p= 0.004; PR= 0,26; 95%CI= 0.09-0.64). The
prevalence of negative behaviour was nearly 4 times lower in the group of children whose
mothers had higher SOC, and nearly 3 times lower among children whose mothers perceived their children’s teeth as good or very good. The other outcome variables were not associated with maternal psychosocial factors. Conclusion: The SOC was independently associated with the children's behaviour in the dental clinic, showing to be a protection factor to this behaviour. The perception of mothers about their children's teeth also showed to be a
protective factor for their behaviour. Maternal religiosity was not associated with the outcome
variables.
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FERREIRA, J. B. S. Fatores psicossociais maternos e a saúde bucal de pré-escolares. 2019. 145 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Odontologia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2019.