Aplicação de um algoritmo para avaliação do desempenho de testes diagnósticos para dengue durante epidemia no Centro-Oeste, Brasil (2012-2013)
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2017-04-20
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Introduction. Laboratory tests are essential for dengue diagnosis, in that sense algorithms are proposed, which proposes instructions for a more effective laboratory dengue diagnosis.
Aim. To evaluate the performance of laboratory tests in the confirmation of suspected dengue cases, appling an algorithm, during a dengue epidemic in Goiânia, Central West Brazil 2012-2013.
Methodology. This is a retrospective analytical observational study in a database of a prospective cohort with suspected dengue cases. The algorithm applied was based on three periods in the acute phase of disease, 0-3, 4-7 and >7 days after onset of symptoms (DOS) and in detection of immunoglobulins M and G (IgM and IgG), non-structural 1 protein antigen (NS1Ag) and viral RNA by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Positivity was seen individually and in association of tests in the algorithm and per day of infection, and used to confirm cases. The tests performance was evaluated by the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of each test when compared to the others association, also in the algorithm. The results were statistically analyzed using SPSS Statistics 17.0, R software and OPENEPI.
Results. 592 patients with suspected dengue were included, 415 (70.1%) were laboratory confirmed. In the 0-3 DOS period, the best positivities were by RT-PCR (81.6%) and NS1Ag (63.3%). While, IgM obtained the best positivities in 4-7 and >7 DOS periods (85.5% and 93.3%, respectively). Individually, RT-PCR and IgM tests were the most efficient to add positivity to diagnosis at the beginning and at the end of the acute phase of infection, respectively. Sensitivity results were similar to those of positivity, whereas NS1Ag specificities were greater than 90% at all periods.
Conclusion. The algorithm sowed which laboratorial test was the best for the course of disease. Until 3 DOS, molecular is most sensitive test; between 4-7 DOS, two techniques may be required to obtain an accurate diagnostic. NS1Ag test, presented less detection in secondary infection cases, however, they was more specific test and can be used in differential diagnosis of dengue. These results contributed to diagnostic decision in the epidemiological context with concomitant arbovirus circulation.
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BOTELHO, P. H. D. Aplicação de um algoritmo para avaliação do desempenho de testes diagnósticos para dengue durante epidemia no Centro-Oeste, Brasil (2012-2013). 2017. 80 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Assistência e Avaliação em Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.