Catástrofe e utopia: a crítica à ideologia do progresso em Benjamin e Bloch e a iconoclastia das lutas contemporâneas
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2023-06-14
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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This dissertation examines the concepts of Catastrophe and Utopia, as developed by
Walter Benjamin (1892-1940) and Ernst Bloch (1885-1977), in the context of the
ascendancy of destructive technics between the outbreak of World War I (1914-1918) and
the unfolding of World War II (1939-1945). Conceived as fundamental elements of the
Marxist romantic critique of the Ideology of Progress, the concepts of Catastrophe and
Utopia are analyzed in a dialogical manner, drawing from the works of Benjamin and
Bloch, to achieve a deeper understanding of contemporary social reality. In this regard,
the present research investigates the construction and perpetuation of a religious
mentality, characterized by a certain "redemptive romantic violence," manifested in the
actions of marginalized groups involved in the destruction of historical heritage during
the early 21st century. Consequently, the research demonstrates the ongoing existence of
this worldview in the discourse of resistance against capitalist modernity, which is
reflected in acts of depredation targeting historical monuments associated with the
Brazilian colonial era. Throughout the study, we employed documentary analysis, giving
priority to traditional Brazilian and international media outlets with a strong digital
presence. The incident of the fire at the monument in honor of Borba Gato was used as a
poignant example in the context of critically perceiving Brazilian reality. This event
resonates with the new contemporary iconoclastic wave and highlights how social
movements absorbed the wave of destruction while also taking action. We found that the
demands of these movements challenge socioeconomic projects and hegemonic
historical-social narratives. Moreover, this contestation is imbued with utopian power, as
it recognizes that capitalism poses a threat to the world of life.
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OLIVEIRA, F. C. Catástrofe e utopia: a crítica à ideologia do progresso em Benjamin e Bloch e a iconoclastia das lutas contemporâneas. 2023. 124 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Sociologia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2023.