O programa academia da saúde na região de saúde central/GO: saberes, práticas e contextos

Abstract

Introduction: Literature has pointed out that the historical process of Physical Education in Brazil is marked by hegemonic biomedical aspects, however, from the 21st century onwards, approaches with Social & Human Sciences have been perceived that have resulted in different perspectives in research involving the work of Physical Education Professionals in the spaces of the Unified Health System. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the knowledge, practices and contexts that involve the work of Physical Education Professionals in the Health Academy Program of the Central Health Region of the State of Goiás. Methodology: Exploratory-descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, associated with a research technique with data collection through an online questionnaire via Google Forms with 17 Physical Education Professionals from 10 cities in the State of Goiás in the Central Health Region/GO. The data was organized and analyzed according to the Content Analysis technique (BARDIN, 2009), using thematic analysis to analyze the open questions and a simple descriptive statistical analysis to analyze the closed answers to the questionnaire. Results and discussion: It was observed that the knowledge of these professionals, whether training or professional performance, results in a disconnect with permanent health education and, consequently, generates a need for PEFs to support their knowledge with more in-depth knowledge. Instrumental and technical practice is verified and the work process is focused on the biological bias. However, it is important to emphasize that the articulation with the practice of health education in the PEFs discourses comes close at times to the principles and guidelines of the SUS and the program, which indicates a (re)orientation of actions in search of a approach centered on Expanded Health, however it is worth noting that the PEFs do not understand in sufficient depth the organization of SUS health care networks. These two dimensions of knowledge underlie and indicate the interdependence of action models in interventions. Conclusion: To conclude, it is possible to state that it would not be prudent to place the responsibility on the PEFs to overcome all the problems presented in PAS actions in the municipalities investigated, as the PEFs carry historical roots in the field that make this overcoming difficult and, even if the presence of new critical approaches such as Public Health enable a better understanding of reality and contribute to the resoluteness and efficiency of actions as determined by the PAS legal frameworks, expectations regarding the intervention of these professionals must be reviewed, when proposing to configure sustainability in actions and rethink that the changes are not only foreseen in the program's responsibilities and in the previously established skills of these professionals. It is necessary to understand that knowledge, practices and contexts involve the entire PAS in an expanded way, which makes it necessary to continually rethink the effectiveness of its practices in the face of the various challenges presented in Public Health.