Ética em intervenções no patrimônio arquitetônico - a Praça Cívica em Goiânia

Abstract

The Praça Pedro Ludovico Teixeira (Pedro Ludovico Teixeira Square), mostly known as Praça Cívica (Civic Square), is the planed central axis of the city of Goiania, founded in the 1930s, a symbol of national modernity of the Brazilian center-west. It is a representative space of the people of Goiânia, an historical stage, with buildings and design the subject of preservation orders in one or more of the three public spheres. Still, we can find a gap in the understanding of the layers that compose the space today, changes since its project are often unknown or simply not recorded in the official historical documents. The target of a major requalification in the year of 2016, the Square seems to not know its place in the XXI century. What remains? Why were the alterations made? For whom they took place? These are ethical questions that appear increasingly in the world’s critical theories. This dissertation has aimed to build a historiography of the architectonical interventions and the dynamics that brought the space of Civic Square to its current configuration, with the support of the ethical theory of cultural heritage interventions. We hope to understand the criteria used and the concept of heritage implied in those theories and identify the impacts that such interventions had over this urban space and its memory. This dissertation is a applied research with exploratory objectives, under a qualitative approach, with the use of case study method, supported by the historical method. The use of bibliographical research tools was such as: scientific publications, books, periodical articles, materials available online; documents, in archives and government agencies; case studies, with participant observation and three-dimensional modeling. With all the data obtained we hope to increase the understanding of the physical space and the cultural meaning of the Civic Square. To see in a broader and clearer way the mutations on this space, its actors and temporality, in conjunction with information that may guide future approaches in a responsible and careful way, that can bring with them the respect towards the temporalities within, respect to the sustainability and to the social-