Análise espacial de indicadores de desenvolvimento socioambiental urbano das regiões norte, noroeste e meia ponte do município de Goiânia (1975 – 2015)
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2016-12-03
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The growth and expansion of the urban environment in cities and to determine the
whole dynamics of urban space appropriation, according to the logic of capital which,
in most cases, is arbitrary and unequal. Thus, phenomena such as socio-spatial
segregation gain strength to the extent that certain populations are forced to live in the
outskirts of large cities, thus deprived of access to land, public services and social
assistance. This work has as study area the North, Northwest and Mid Bridge regions,
both belonging to the Metropolis of Goiânia, being the main cut within these regions,
to understand the local dynamics, the census sector. The objective of this study was
to evaluate the quality of urban life of the aforementioned regions, using methods to
analyze the land issue, calculation of the green area index per capita as well as, of
urban socio-environmental segregation patterns. Among the materials and methods
used we can highlight the use of orbital data (Landsat 1, 2, 5 e 7) and suborbital aerial
photographs (Goiânia prefecture) and IBGE census data (Census 2010), for the
information processing the programs were used (Spring 5.3, ArcMap 10.1, ENVI 5.0),
all licensed in the Laboratory of Image Processing and Geoprocessing - Lapig / UFG.
The main methods used to analyze the data were the dasimetric. Spatial Analysis
(Moran Index) and Digital Image Processing - DIP for the definition of the Index of
Green Areas (IGA). Regarding the main results of this study we can highlight them in
three axes being the first the land issue and urban growth occurred from the 80's, which
resulted in the demand for housing, and the emergence of various clandestine
settlements and invasions. The research points to 117 lots and lots without land
information, 133 allotments with regular status together the supervisory bodies and
144 lots with irregular situation and 144 lots with irregular situation. The second axis
of results are the green areas as an indicator of urban quality of life, the study presents
a total of 201 public green areas (Squares, APP, APA and Parks) that were mapped.
In addition, the Green Areas Index (BTI) was calculated by inhabitants for the three
regions, presented a total of 243.52 m² / hab., index that is higher than the one
recommended by the United Nations (UN) that defines for Latin America and
Caribbean 9 m² / hab. And last line of research results are analyzes of socio-spatial
segregation. The study points out that the problems of socio-spatial segregation of
social exclusion / inclusion, are present in the three regions. In the analyzes, the
Northwest Region is the most problematic, because it presented clusters in most of the
variables of social and environmental indicators analyzed. Exclusion / inclusion
problems are concentrated in the North-West and North, mainly of the history of
implantation of the existing subdivisions and neighborhoods.
Descrição
Citação
RAMOS, H. F. Análise espacial de indicadores de desenvolvimento socioambiental urbano das regiões norte, noroeste e meia ponte do município de Goiânia (1975 – 2015). 2016. 175 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Geografia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2016.