Mestrado em Geografia (IESA)
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Item A relação sociedade-natureza em ambiente urbano: identificação de problemas ambientais na cidade de São Raimundo Nonato (PI)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-02-05) Amorim, Livia Bruno de Sá; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4172719252263913; Luiz, Gislaine Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310433384519387; Luiz, Gislaine Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310433384519387; Romao, Patrícia de Araujo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0188184635964559; Silva, Waldirene Alves Lopes da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1570438627986857Desde la década de 1970 del siglo XX, la temática socioambiental se hace presente en las discusiones lanzadas a la sociedad (Bernardes; Ferreira, 2003). Las preocupaciones con el medio ambiente pasaron a estar presentes en el ámbito mundial y local, pues el impacto ambiental alcanza diferentes niveles escalares que, en la mayoría de los casos, afectan a aquellos menos asistidos. Con ello, tales preocupaciones ganan destaque en los grandes centros urbanos, donde la diferencia entre los grupos sociales es más visible, hecho observado en la segregación de la población menos asistida (Jacobi, 2004). Según el Informe Mundial de las Ciudades (2022), el 68% de la población mundial debe volverse urbana para 2050, advirtiendo sobre la necesidad del desarrollo sostenible de las ciudades (ONU-Hábitat, 2022). Así, abordar la relación sociedad-naturaleza en un entorno urbano es una de las temáticas para reflexionar sobre los impactos ambientales a los que las diferentes poblaciones están sujetas, independientemente del grado de desarrollo urbano. Partiendo de esta premisa, esta investigación fue desarrollada en la ciudad de São Raimundo Nonato (SRN), que es uno de los principales municipios que componen el Territorio de Desarrollo Serra da Capivara y es un punto de referencia para visitar el Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara, que resguarda vestigios de que hubo habitantes prehistóricos en la región, siendo relevante para el conocimiento histórico de la humanidad y para el sector del turismo, principal del estado de Piauí. Además, la ciudad también ofrece los servicios esenciales para las ciudades vecinas, siendo considerada, por lo tanto, un punto de referencia para la región. Otro aspecto importante a ser considerado es que el municipio de SRN presenta carencia de estudios a nivel de posgrado que contribuyan con el entendimiento de la relación ocupación y los problemas ambientales. De esta forma, la investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar los impactos ambientales asociados a la intervención humana en el tramo urbano del río Piauí y, para ello, se caracterizó el espacio geográfico urbano de la ciudad de São Raimundo Nonato; se identificaron los cambios en el espacio urbano a las márgenes del río Piauí, entre los años 2004 y 2023; y se analizaron los tipos de impactos ambientales existentes en el tramo de este cuerpo hídrico. El método de investigación fue el Análisis Sistémico, mediante el uso del Sistema Ambiental Urbano (S.A.U.) de Mendonça (2004). Se percibió que, a lo largo de los años, el perímetro urbano del río Piauí ha pasado por alteraciones debido a intervenciones humanas, lo que ha generado consecuencias para la propia población, principalmente en los períodos en que ocurren las lluvias en el municipio, entre los meses de noviembre y abril, momento en que ocurren inundaciones y trastornos para la población. Tal situación está asociada no solo a cuestiones naturales (relieve, suelo, vegetación, hidrografía, clima), sino también a la forma en que los sanraimundenses han hecho el uso y la ocupación del suelo, ya que es una de las ciudades piauienses que comenzó a partir de haciendas dedicadas a la cría de ganado alrededor del siglo XVIII. Los principales problemas ambientales identificados en São Raimundo Nonato (PI) están relacionados con la degradación del río Piauí, mediante la eliminación de vegetación y la ocupación desordenada de las márgenes; la contaminación por basura y aguas residuales son problemas comunes en la ciudad, a esto se suman las inundaciones, que impactan a la población, perjudicando la movilidad y el comercio, así como poniendo en riesgo la seguridad de los sanraimundenses.Item Impactos ambientais e expansão urbana nas cabeceiras de drenagem do córrego catingueiro Anápolis/GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2003) Sousa do Nascimento, Adriana; Soares do Nascimento, Maria Amélia Leite; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2070521846497913Anápolis is an important city inland in Goiás. Its population is about 287.666habitants (According to Census 2000, IBGE - Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics). This city has come presenting an intensive urbanization that is associated to the economic and industrial growing, in the latest years. The sub basin of Catingueiro, established on west of the city, was chosen to this research because it is an area with a big quantity of sources of João Leite River, and it also is a region of natural preservation. The sub basin area of Catingueiro is of 114 Km² and it is between the parallel 16°14' 07" e 16° 21' 41" S and the meridians 49° 06' 34" and 48° 56' 27" W. This place of high slopping is partially occupied by residential squares of different social classes, by little industries and bots. The purpose of this research was of make a diagnoses of the environment conditions in the sub basin of Catingueiro, to identify the negative impacts and to analyze the those relationships with the urban expansion towards its sources. This work had used come types of investigation like bibliography revision, analysis of sediments, satellite images, geoprocessing, documental research and another ones. The results obtained prove that the occupation in the fountain of Catingueiro are occurring with no order and is making the negative impacts grow. Due to a low basic structure, deforestation, pollution and a big quantity of trash, this region is becoming distructured. Scores about the environment allowed knowing the characteristics the environment conditions, and social, economic and legal ones, that are the base to changes the conservation of the natural resources and restauration of they damaged areas.Item Análise da dinâmica da perda de solo no município de Rio Verde-GO entre 1985 e 2022(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-04-03) Fabrício, Lorrane Vicente; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4172719252263913; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Almeida, Rherison Tyrone Silva; Faria, Karla Maria Silva deThis study aimed to analyze the relationship between agricultural expansion and soil erosion dynamics in the municipality of Rio Verde, Goiás, during the years 1985, 2005, and 2022. The adopted approach was based on an integrated analysis of the physical environment. In this context, an effort was made to correlate natural and anthropogenic factors in order to understand how these elements influence the emergence of erosive processes in the municipality. To estimate soil loss rates due to sheet erosion, the widely used mathematical model known as the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) was applied. For the analysis and mapping of linear erosion processes, the visual inspection method was employed using high-resolution satellite imagery. The results regarding the natural characteristics of the R, K, and LS factors revealed a high rainfall erosivity potential in the region, concentrated between the months of November and March. Soil erodibility ranged from very low to very high, with over 22.16% of the area showing very low or low levels, 72.32% classified as medium, and 5.01% as high or very high. Concerning the topographic factor, 92.46% of the area corresponded to low LS values, 6.27% to the moderate class, and only 1.27% to areas classified as high to very high. In terms of the anthropogenic variable represented by the CP factor, one of the most significant changes was the conversion of pasture areas into predominantly agricultural land. In 1985, pasture covered 36.02% of the area, while agriculture accounted for 15.89%. By 2022, pasture areas had decreased to 11.28%, whereas agricultural activities had expanded to 55.68% of the total area. After overlaying the USLE factors, three distinct results were obtained regarding estimated soil loss. A progressive increase in the medium soil loss class was observed, to the detriment of the null to moderate class. The CP factor (agriculture) proved to be one of the main drivers behind the increase in medium soil loss, as less susceptible areas were gradually converted into predominantly agricultural land over the past 37 years—areas which, under the same conditions, exhibited greater susceptibility to soil loss. Furthermore, the highest soil losses occurred in areas with elevated R, K, and LS factor values and were intensified by the CP factor (pasture). This pattern was especially evident in the southwestern region of the municipality, where the interaction between natural and anthropogenic factors significantly influences soil loss. In addition, several erosive features at different stages of development were identified, mainly associated with pasture areas that lack proper management. These areas, ranging from flat to strongly undulating relief, are predominantly composed of Dystrophic Red Latosols and Dystrophic Litholic Neosols, which exhibit medium and very high erodibility, respectively.Item A rodovia e a região: a GO-164 e o processo de estruturação do Noroeste goiano(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-12-17) Meira, Isabela Lorrane Santos; Castilho, Denis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4271473426990028; Castilho, Denis; Dias, Reges Sodré da Luz Silva; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro AntunesTransportation networks are fundamental for the structuring of regions. In Goiás, these networks have a special relation with the process of urbanization, economic development, forms of production and consumption. Based on this, the present study analyzed the role of transportation networks, with an emphasis on the GO-164, in the process of structuring the northwest of Goiás and their influence on the uses and forms of control of this region. The methodology included bibliographical research, collection and analysis of secondary data, fieldwork focused on the seven municipalities directly served by the highway, mapping and synthesis of the services offered along the route. The results showed that the GO-164, since its opening, plays a central role in the regional structuring and territorial fluidity of northwestern Goiás. Its axis continues to influence the increase in urbanization in the municipalities and the expansion of production conditions, functioning as essential infrastructure for the productive spatial circuit of the main regional economic activity, beef cattle. It can also be seen that the appropriation of this network by corporate groups linked to this economic activity is a clear indication of this process, benefiting from the routes to articulate systems of control and power. In other words, the highway has been used both to promote integration and as a strategic artifact for exercising regional dominance. It can be concluded that the symbolism of the transition - from cattle drives to modern livestock transport by truck - remains symptomatic, now shaped by technique and a selective fluidity that connects corporate groups to the main state centralities and to the important nodes of the meat trade network on a global scale.Item A linguagem dos quadrinhos como instrumento de mediação didática para os estudos da relação cidade e campo no ensino de geografia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-01-16) Silva, Ykaro Feliphe Sousa; Souza, Vanilton Camilo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1374656969635983; Souza, Vanilton Camilo de; Menezes, Priscylla Karoline de; Richter, DenisThis study is based on the concern about the need to promote the formation of concepts in the teaching-learning process of Geography, from a critical perspective, with a view to meaningful learning. In this sense, different languages have been appropriated by primary school teachers as pedagogical and didactic aids for the intended formation to take place. Among these is the language of comics, a textual genre that arouses interest and curiosity and often deals with political, social and environmental issues, making it a tool with great potential for critical reflection. This language can be represented by comics, cartoons, graphic novels, manga and caricatures, which, when used appropriately as a tool in the didactic mediation process of the geography teacher, can contribute to the development of students' critical thinking, the formation of geographical thinking, enabling the development of students as critical and autonomous citizens, capable of reading, thinking and situating themselves in the world, understanding and analyzing their daily lives and exercising citizenship. In view of the above, this research was guided by the objective of understanding the potential of comic language as a didactic mediation tool for the formation of concepts about the relationship between city and countryside and its contributions to the formation of geographical thinking. To achieve this, we used a qualitative methodology, document analysis of the geography textbooks used from 6th to 9th grade in the city of Minaçu-GO, where the researcher works as a teacher of this curricular component, and the curriculum document for Goiás (2018), participant research, elaboration and analysis of the application of a didactic course on the relationship between city and countryside in a municipal public school in the city of Minaçu/GO. The results showed that although comics are considered an alternative language in the curriculum, they do not have a significant presence in geography textbooks, including in the content of the relationship between the city and the countryside. Based on the literature review, the language of comics can be considered as a potential tool for didactic mediation, as long as the teacher is fully prepared and has mastered the content and language used. Through the application of the didactic pathway with students in the 7th year of primary school, there was evidence of the formation of concepts of the relationship between the city and the countryside after this process.Item Ensinar e aprender pela geografia o conceito de lugar na cidade: contribuições da teoria desenvolvimental(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-11-10) Santos, Victor Alves; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8827112569170294; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; Morais, Eliana Marta Barbosa de; Moraes, Loçandra Borges deThe subject of this dissertation is the teaching of Place in the City to school children and young people, and its demarcation in the importance of the didactic organization of this content in the students' learning. This topic has already been studied by other researchers, who understand that it is a relevant discussion and that its realization in practice, with the goal of conceptual formation, still encounters limits and is a challenge for teachers. Therefore, we defined the following research problem: How can the organization of Place teaching with an emphasis on the City enhance the formation of geographical thinking and thus overcome the predominant empirical thinking in Geography teaching? Thus, the main objective of this study was to understand the learning of the concept of Place in the City through the organization of teaching from the perspective of developmental theory for the development of the geographical thinking of 6th-grade students at a state school in Britânia/GO. The specific objectives were to identify elements of the organization of Geography teaching present in the teaching plan and lessons of the teacher in charge and in the Political Pedagogical Project for the 6th year of Primary School at the state school in Britânia/GO; to analyze the teaching of geographical content developed in the school context; to develop a proposal for a didactic-formative experiment, linked to the teaching organization underway, with an emphasis on the concept of Place in the City with students in the 6th year of primary school at the school in question; and to assess the evidence of learning and the formation of students' theoretical-geographical thinking as a result of the teaching organization. In order to achieve these objectives, we used a qualitative methodology in the participant modality, and as procedures: I) observations, carried out in the school space in order to verify the dynamics and behavior of the 6th-grade students; II) documentary analysis, of the BNCC, DC/GO, PPP, and teaching and lesson plans of the teacher, in order to ascertain the didactic affiliation and understanding of the contents of Place in the City exposed in these documents; III) semi-structured interviews with the 6th-grade students and the teacher, in order to recognize the research subjects and possible indications of the didactic organization used in Geography classes; IV) a didactic-formative experiment to develop the teaching and learning process regarding Place in the City; and V) a questionnaire applied to the 6th-grade class, with the aim of evaluating the proposed teaching organization. To provide theoretical support for the research, we drew on Carlos (2007) and Santos (1996a), who deal with the conceptualization of Place and City; Callai (2000), Castellar (2009a), and Cavalcanti (2019), who discuss the teaching of Place and/or City and; Davídov (1988), Leontiev (2004), and Vigotski (1991a), who address the initiation of a scientific, theoretical, and developmental teaching and learning process. Finally, the results showed that the proposed teaching organization brought about significant changes in teaching and learning, insofar as the students actively participated in the actions, operations, and tasks carried out. In this manner, they were able to read and unveil the place in the city where they live from a geographical perspective that was pertinent to their concrete realities in life. This was made possible by an organized and articulated teaching approach, by producing tasks and group discussions, by didactic mediation that led to new questions, and by respecting the students' moments of socialization, among others. Based on these characteristics established in the classroom, the students developed reflexivity, orality, awareness, personality, and were given the opportunity to form their thinking through theoretical-geographical concepts, in favor of human and citizen development to intervene socially in their daily lives.Item Aplicação de índices espectrais na avaliação do aporte de sedimentos ao reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica Itumbiara (Brasil)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-02-10) Santos, Elias Vitor Rosa dos; Ferreira Nascimento, Diego Tarley; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7583595383127682; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4172719252263913; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Romão, Patrícia de Araújo; Nunes, Fabrizia GioppoThis study investigated the sediment input to the reservoir of the Itumbiara Hydroelectric Power Plant (GO/MG) through the application of the Normalized Difference Turbidity Index (NDTI), using Landsat 8 satellite imagery and field data such as precipitation and suspended sediments. The analysis revealed that the methodology was effective in identifying seasonal patterns in water turbidity, with higher turbidity observed during the rainy months. The correlation between NDTI data and suspended sediments demonstrated the accuracy of the index in monitoring turbidity. The application of NDWI to isolate the drainage area was crucial for ensuring a more precise analysis, excluding areas outside the water body. The classification of turbidity levels based on statistical criteria proved adequate, but the research suggests the need for refinements to better capture spatial and temporal variability. The Random Forest model, used to validate the NDTI, highlighted the most relevant variables influencing turbidity, such as reflectance bands and derived indices. Despite the positive results, it became evident that the current model is not sufficient to fully explain sediment dynamics, requiring the inclusion of factors such as land use, topography, and rock types, as well as a better understanding of fluvial processes. The proposed methodology, combining spectral indices and sediment data, proved promising and could be applied to other hydroelectric reservoirs, contributing to the advancement of water quality monitoring and resource management.Item Desvendando tendências: o universo da moda e as contradições socioespaciais na região da 44 em Goiânia-GO de 2010 a 2024(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-03-19) Correa, Letícya Sousa; Borges, Ronan Eustáquio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3781116210567482; Borges, Ronan Eustáquio; Matushima, Marcos Kazuo; Maia, Carlos Eduardo SantosThis dissertation proposes a discussion about the impacts of fashion commerce in the Rua 44 region, in Goiânia. Region 44 is the second largest fashion hub in Brazil, behind only Brás, in São Paulo, and presents an intense dynamism. The centrality that this commercial agglomeration plays in intra-urban transformations and in the landscape itself acts as an open-air laboratory for geography. Our location is Mega Moda Shopping, the largest shopping center in the region and one of the projects that exerts the most political, economic and social influence in the region, in addition to driving the transformation of the fashion hub. We also discuss the work carried out by the different classes present in the space. Some concepts guide our studies, such as fashion, centrality and landscape. Methodologically, the research relies on a bibliographical review of the concepts and historical contextualization of the region, in addition to semi-structured interviews and forms with open and closed questions. We conclude that Region 44, being the largest employer in the service sector in the State of Goiás, presents a unique operating dynamic, operating in an increasingly structured way and driving the creation of various government policies and actions to support small business owners and boost the fashion industry in Goiás, paying attention to women who are the majority in the fashion industryItem Pensamento geográfico e a fotografia na mediação para análise da paisagem urbana no ensino de geografia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-11-28) Echavarría, Jenny Paola Mellizo; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8827112569170294; Cavalcanti , Lana de Souza; Pires , Mateus Marchesan; Souza, Vanilton Camilo deSe presenta en este documento una investigación en el campo de la enseñanza de la Geografía. Se identifica en la Teoría Histórico-cultural un marco teórico capaz de fundamentar desarrollos importantes dentro de esta esfera particular. A partir de los principios teórico-metodológicos de este enfoque teórico, es válido explorar mediaciones posibles para potenciar la enseñanza de la Geografía con el objetivo de desarrollar el pensamiento. En esta investigación, se cuestionan las posibilidades de trabajar la categoría de Paisaje urbano a través del análisis geográfico de material fotográfico. En las intersecciones entre la enseñanza de la geografía, la teoría histórico-cultural, el paisaje y la geografía, hay realmente poco escrito y menos propuestas integradoras. Se parte del entendimiento de las potencialidades que cada uno de estos elementos aislados tiene para potenciar la enseñanza, y de la exploración de la posibilidad de tenerlos todos juntos en el aula en una estructura coherente que pueda impactar positivamente las prácticas de enseñanza y los aprendizajes de los estudiantes. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa en la modalidad de investigación participativa, realizada en una escuela de Enseñanza Media en la ciudad de Goiânia. El conjunto de actividades realizadas en la escuela fue titulado como proyecto foto(geo)gráfico. Tras la realización de la investigación empírica, fue posible identificar en el análisis de la experiencia consideraciones importantes sobre el proceso de desarrollo del Pensamiento Geográfico, así como los impactos en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje resultantes del trabajo analítico sobre el Paisaje urbano, cuando es mediado por la Fotografía como imagen, técnica, arte, instrumento de poder y forma de expresión.Item A construção de conhecimentos sobre os processos erosivos urbanos na geografia escolar(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-12-04) Oliveira, Amanda Satil de; Morais, Eliana Marta Barbosa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3615558165803518; Morais, Eliana Marta Barbosa de; Moraes, Loçandra Borges de; Romao, Patricia de AraujoThe scenario of constant and growing urbanization brings with it several issues, ysical-natural components of the geographic space, as it results from the interaction between soil, relief, climate, geology, water, among others, as well as the such as erosive processes. To understand such processes, we consider the ph social relations established in the way society appropriates geographic space. Based on this framework, our general objective is to understand how knowledge related to urban erosive processes has been addressed in School Geography and its importance for the critical formation of students. Specific objectives include identifying how theoretical-methodological knowledge on Geography teaching, physical-natural components, and erosive processes are being discussed in scientific and academic production; investigating how knowledge about erosive processes is proposed in the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), the Curricular Document for Goiás (DCGO), and the Geography textbooks for 6th grade of Elementary School; and analyzing the theoretical- methodological knowledge mobilized by Geography teachers for building learning about erosive processes in Basic Education and, from this, propose teaching methodologies to address the topic in Geography lessons. To achieve these objectives, we chose a qualitative research methodology. As methodological procedures, we conducted a literature review, State of Knowledge analysis, textbook analysis, and document analysis of the BNCC and DCGO, along with the application of questionnaires and classroom observations. The bibliographic survey was carried out in books, articles, theses, and dissertations. The State of Knowledge was carried out on the CAPES platform and Google Scholar with the aim of identifying, selecting, and analyzing works that could contribute to the development of the research. The documentary analysis of the BNCC and DCGO aimed to identify how erosive processes are addressed in the 6th grade, final years of Elementary School, the phase in which the curriculum proposes work on these processes based on their correlation with the physical-natural components of geographic space. The questionnaire was applied to four teachers, two from the municipal network of Goiânia and two from the state network of Goiás, based in Goiânia. Classroom observations aimed to understand how this content has been taught in School Geography. Regarding the textbooks, we conclude that some collections have made more significant progress in integrating the physical- natural components of geographic space with society. In the curricula, we found that urban erosive processes have not received the due attention. This study allowed us to understand that the city of Goiânia (GO) is a setting for erosive processes and floods. In this sense, studying the risks of this phenomenon from Basic Education represents a possibility of mitigating social inequalities through student awareness and the formation of reflective subjects about their realities.Item Estratégias de viver a vida: da produção ao consumo de comida saudável no Assentamento Canudos/GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-12-11) Soares, Bárbara Victória da Silva; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2930978785634948; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; Calaça, Manoel; Furtado, Ariandeny Silva de SouzaEsta investigación aborda la producción de comidas saludables como una forma esencial de reproducción de la vida de los campesinos. El espacio de estudio es el Asentamiento Canudos, localizado en tres municipios, destacándose Palmeiras de Goiás/GO. El objetivo de la investigación es comprender las diversas estrategias implementadas por los campesinos asentados a través de la reforma agraria en el Asentamiento Canudos para garantizar su permanencia en la tierra, utilizando la producción de comidas saludables como base para la reproducción social y económica. Entre las estrategias identificadas, se destaca la Comunidad que Sustenta la Agricultura (CSA), implementada en una de las unidades del asentamiento, que organiza un sistema de producción, comercialización y distribución de comidas saludables. Además de esta iniciativa, se identificaron otros medios desarrollados por los asentados, como el Sistema Agroforestal (SAF), la producción de leche, la participación en ferias libres, asociaciones y colectivos. Frente a los desafíos enfrentados en el campo –como la lucha por la tierra, la infraestructura, el acceso a servicios básicos y políticas públicas–, se evidencia la necesidad de estrategias que aseguren la reproducción de la vida y la permanencia en el territorio. Por lo tanto, el objetivo general es analizar la producción de comidas saludables en el Asentamiento Canudos/GO y su importancia para la reproducción socioeconómica de los campesinos. Metodológicamente, la investigación se realizó mediante revisión bibliográfica, recolección de datos en órganos e instituciones oficiales, trabajo de campo, aplicación de cuestionarios y realización de entrevistas semidirigidas. Estas metodologías permitieron explorar temas como la problemática agraria, la lucha por la tierra, los obstáculos y las perspectivas asociadas a la producción de comidas saludables, con énfasis en la generación de ingresos, la inclusión productiva y la preservación de las identidades y culturas campesinas en la lucha por su Existencia.Item A habitação de interesse social e seus efeitos no processo de produção do espaço intraurbano de Santa Helena De Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-11-14) Rosa, Flávio Domingos Araujo; Lima, Leandro Oliveira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9322069869687533; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro A; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1038300875963340; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro A; Moraes, Lucia Maria; Castilho, DenisEl trabajo aborda los efectos que las viviendas de interés social han generado en la producción del espacio intraurbano de la ciudad de Santa Helena de Goiás. Para alcanzar este resultado, se realizó una investigación sobre las políticas habitacionales implementadas por el poder público desde la década de 1930. Se analizaron los distintos programas habitacionales en los niveles federal, estatal y municipal, que juntos contribuyeron a la producción del espacio intraurbano en Santa Helena. A partir de esto, comprendemos cómo los agentes formadores del espacio, en especial el estado de Goiás, se han constituido como fundamentales en la estructuración del espacio intraurbano. Como síntesis, se definieron los períodos del intraurbano donde se observó, basado en datos primarios y secundarios, cómo el espacio intraurbano fue siendo producido a partir de distintos factores como la población, la economía y la propia formación regional. Según la periodización propuesta en la tesis, el Estado produjo el espacio intraurbano de Santa Helena de Goiás en un rango variable del 45,5% al 62,8% del total del parcelamiento inmobiliario. Estos valores indican la fuerza con la que el Estado actuó en la producción del espacio urbano. Estos hallazgos reafirman la importancia del poder público en la garantía del suministro de viviendas de interés social, al mismo tiempo que revelan las contradicciones que se materializan en la producción y reproducción del espacio urbano.Item (Re)existências camponesas e sujeição da renda da terra a partir da produção leiteira em Piracanjuba (GO)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-11-22) Nogueira, Paulo Henrique Santos; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2930978785634948; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; Oliveira, Adriano Rodrigues de; Carneiro, Janãine Daniela Pimentel LinoEl objetivo de esta investigación fue construir un análisis de la reestructuración productiva de las agroindustrias lácteas en Goiás y sus efectos sobre la salud, las relaciones laborales y la producción de los campesinos productores de leche, teniendo como foco espacial el municipio de Piracanjuba. El núcleo de la investigación es comprender la (Re)Existencia campesina frente a los cambios territoriales provocados por el agronegocio en Piracanjuba (GO), considerando la sujeción de la renta de la tierra a través de la producción lechera, realizada predominantemente por campesinos productores de leche, a los complejos lecheros globalizados. En cuanto a los objetivos específicos, se buscó analizar la producción lechera como estrategia de permanencia en la tierra y de reproducción social del campesinado; definir las principales transformaciones técnicas en la producción lechera y su contribución a la (Re)Existencia campesina; comprender los principales aspectos del proceso de reestructuración espacial de las agroindustrias lácteas en Goiás y la integración del campesinado en esta cadena productiva. Los recursos metodológicos utilizados consistieron en una revisión bibliográfica y documental, investigación de campo, consulta de bases de datos secundarias, entrevistas semiestructuradas, cuestionarios y utilización de recursos fotográficos. En el transcurso de la investigación, se observó que el éxito de las agroindustrias procesadoras de alimentos -aunque no posean vacas lecheras- se logra a través de la sujeción de la renta de la tierra -materializada en la leche como producto/materia prima- para obtener ganancias cada vez mayores, especialmente hoy en día con las nuevas formulaciones industriales llamadas soluciones lácteas - que tienen un menor porcentaje de leche y/o subproductos del procesamiento de la leche y en algunos casos ningún derivado lácteo en su composición - todo este proceso pone de manifiesto la contradicción que impregna la realidad en la que se encuentra Brasil, por un lado, una agenda urgente de construcción de la soberanía alimentaria nacional, una propuesta de reforma agraria, y por otro, cómo el agronegocio se consolida ideológica y políticamente a través del discurso de «productor» de alimentos para los hogares brasileños. Si esto fuera cierto, no tendríamos un país que volvió a niveles alarmantes de hambre e inseguridad alimentaria en el período 2017-2022, con el ascenso de los representantes políticos de la élite brasileña, que desmantelaron una serie de políticas públicas para transferir ingresos y combatir el hambre y la pobreza en el país. La pandemia del Covid-19 ha dejado al descubierto todos estos males sociales. Las escenas de personas haciendo cola para recoger huesos en las carnicerías de Mato Grosso y Mato Grosso do Sul -estados que son destaque nacional en la ganadería bovina- se han vuelto recurrentes y, junto con el aumento de los precios de los alimentos frescos, ha surgido el contexto perfecto para el aumento del consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados. El hambre es producida por factores socioeconómicos bajo los intereses políticos y sociales de grupos privados que no permiten que una parte importante de la población acceda a los alimentos necesarios para la reproducción cotidiana de la vida. Sus estudios también abordan el hambre oculta/hambre endémica, un hambre colectiva que se produce cotidianamente y que mata lentamente a las poblaciones afectadas, no por inanición, sino por enfermedades asociadas (enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles). La raíz de esta desigualdad social en el acceso pleno a una alimentación sana está en los cambios territoriales que se han producido en el campo, especialmente en los territorios productores de alimentos. La incapacidad del Estado para promover condiciones dignas para los campesinos y trabajadores de la tierra en el campo, la transferencia tecnológica, así como un acceso más fácil al crédito y otros beneficios de las políticas agrarias del Plan Safra para la agricultura familiar, es totalmente opuesta cuando se trata de orientar el agronegocio. La otra cara del proceso son las exigencias de la globalización del capital y de la financiarización de la economía, en la que el mercado especulativo alcanza también la esfera de la producción de alimentos, convirtiéndola en producción de mercancías.Item Uso do sensoriamento remoto no estudo da distribuição da matéria orgânica do solo de uma área úmida isolada de topo plano(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-11-13) Moreira, Helena Gladis Bozzo; Sales, Jepherson Correia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3851725882820009; Bueno, Guilherme Taitson; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1585424190030655; Bueno, Guilherme Taitson; Ferreira, Manuel Eduardo; Rosolen, Vania SilviaSoil organic matter (SOM) is an indicator of soil quality, and understanding its distribution is fundamental to the debate on carbon dynamics and greenhouse gas emissions. In recent decades, remote sensing has contributed to the study of soils and the distribution of SOM. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using spectral data to study the prediction and spatial distribution of organic matter content in the surface horizon of an isolated flat-topped wetland in the municipality of Cordeirópolis, in the state of São Paulo. A linear statistical model of the wetland was constructed to predict the distribution of MOS, which was validated using the relationship between the spectral indices analyzed and the MOS content obtained by field and laboratory sampling. The evolution of land use around the isolated depression between 1985 and 2022 was also analyzed using data available on the Mapbiomas platform. In the results obtained with the model from Sentinel-2A satellite images, the minimum MOS value was 22 g/kg and the maximum was 47.66 g/kg, which is in agreement with the data collected in the field, which ranged from a minimum of 27.55 g/kg to a maximum of 42.07 g/kg, with an accuracy - R² of 0.88, a root mean square error - RMSE of 3.62 and a mean absolute error - MAE of 2.64. The results of applying the model to RPAS images (drones) reached a minimum value of 25.25 g/kg and a maximum value of 48.92 g/kg MOS, also close to the data collected in the field. On the RPAS scale, R² of 0.88, RMSE of 3.62, MAE of 2.85 and mean square error - MSE of 13.11 were obtained. It can be considered that the proposed method was satisfactory in predicting the MOS content of the soils in the studied wetland, demonstrating the gains in scale for using the method with satellite images and RPASItem Por amor às ruas: a natureza dos topônimos do distrito sede de Cachoeiro de Itapemirim (ES)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-11-01) Peres, Dayana Louzada; Silva, Rusvênia Luiza Batista Rodrigues da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5592804472499475; Silva, Rusvênia Luiza Batista Rodrigues da; Fonseca, Cláudio Luiz Abreu; Oliveira, Ivanilton José deThe study of place names is subject to different interpretations, depending on the perspective from which it is being analyzed. Toponymy is a science in the field of Onomastics that interrelates historical, social, political, pedagogical, physical and geographic aspects. The names of two places are representations of a given moment in reality. The objective of this research is to identify the nature of the toponyms of public places in the Main District of the municipality of Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, located in the south of the state of Espírito Santo. To obtain the expected results, 5,100 public places in the spatial area were analyzed, including avenues, streets, alleys and staircases. These names, for the most part, testify to the context of formation of the most urbanized region in the municipality of Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, which is made up of ten other districts. The classification of the roads was carried out based on the taxonomic model proposed by Maria Vicentina de Paula Dick (1980; 1990), a reference professor in toponymic studies in Brazil. The author attributes two main natures to toponymy: physical and anthropocultural. Among the natures, there are sixteen other sub-natures that support the lexicological justification for the naming of places. The method used consisted of classifying public places, as well as quantifying them to obtain data on domination and/or invisibility. In addition to the nature of the toponyms of neighborhoods and public places, aspects related to roads, with emphasis on alleys and staircases, and the number related to the gender of the people honored were considered.Item Ensino de geografia e a formação cidadã a partir dos espaços públicos urbanos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-10-11) Borba, Wellington Gabriel de; Souza, Vanilton Camilo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1374656969635983; Souza, Vanilton Camilo de; Oliveira, Karla Annyelly Teixeira de; Christan, PatríciaEsta investigación explora la enseñanza de la ciudad a través de la Geografía, enfatizando el espacio público urbano y su papel en la formación ciudadana de los estudiantes. La ciudad se trata como un derecho para todos, mientras que el espacio público urbano se reconoce como el entorno donde se construyen identidades sociales y se llevan a cabo acciones políticas que sostienen la democracia. Sin embargo, el estudio también examina cómo las ciudades y los espacios públicos están subordinados a las dinámicas de explotación capitalista, lo que genera problemas como la desigualdad y la exclusión social, caracterizando la crisis urbana. Además, destaca que la falta de formación académica y social sobre el entorno urbano lleva a lo que se denomina "analfabetismo urbano". La investigación defiende que la enseñanza de la Geografía en la escuela ofrece a los estudiantes una comprensión crítica de la realidad urbana, orientando prácticas ciudadanas y ayudando a combatir el analfabetismo urbano. Dado que la ciudad es una dimensión del espacio geográfico, la Geografía desempeña un papel crucial en la construcción de este conocimiento. Para ello, el estudio enfatiza que el conocimiento académico y didáctico del profesor de Geografía es fundamental para que los estudiantes desarrollen un pensamiento crítico que sustente sus prácticas ciudadanas al acceder a los espacios públicos. El estudio desarrolló una propuesta didáctica para la enseñanza de la ciudad basada en el análisis del espacio público, con un enfoque en la formación ciudadana de los estudiantes. Esta propuesta adoptó un enfoque cualitativo, utilizando la investigación participativa para considerar a profesores y estudiantes como sujetos activos en el proceso de producción de conocimiento, con potenciales impactos pedagógicos, sociales y políticos. También se aplicó la metodología de investigación colaborativa, que valora a los profesores de Geografía como productores de conocimiento y contribuye a su desarrollo profesional continuo al incorporar directamente nuevos enfoques y conocimientos en su práctica docente. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica y documental, consultando artículos, disertaciones, tesis, libros, capítulos de libros, periódicos impresos y digitales, redes sociales, bases cartográficas públicas, leyes y decretos. La investigación también incluyó la elaboración e interpretación de mapas del barrio donde se encuentra la escuela de estudio. La propuesta didáctica se estructuró en torno a un mapa de contenidos y siguió el proceso de problematización, sistematización y síntesis, incluyendo actividades de campo. El contenido se trabajó con estudiantes de secundaria de una escuela estatal en las afueras de Goiânia, donde la pregunta central de la propuesta fue: "¿El espacio público puede ser neutral?" Los resultados indican que la propuesta estimuló a los estudiantes a reflexionar críticamente sobre la realidad urbana, llevándolos a concluir que, aunque el espacio público debería ser inclusivo, a menudo se destina a ciertos grupos y formas de uso específicas. Así, la investigación demuestra la importancia de la enseñanza de la Geografía para fomentar una perspectiva crítica y ciudadana sobre la ciudad y el espacio público, esencial para construir una sociedad más democrática e inclusivaItem A geografia escolar e a linguagem cartográfica no contexto da reforma do Ensino Médio, da BNCC e do DRC/MT: uma análise em uma escola pública de Nova Xavantina/MT(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-10-11) Nascimento, Marinalva Ferreira do; Richter, Denis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9664892428037820; Richter, Denis; Zucherato, Bruno; Moraes, Loçandra Borges deSchool Geography aims to contribute to the formation of conscious citizens, capable of understanding and analyzing the complex interactions between society and the environment, from a spatial context, and aiming at the imminence of active and responsible participation in social life. However, with the educational changes introduced by Law 13,415/2017 and the implementation of the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), Geography teaching in High School faces quite concerning challenges, as changes in the curriculum matrix negatively affect the teaching-learning process of students, especially regarding geographical knowledge and cartographic language. In this context, this research aimed to analyze the presence and articulation of cartographic language in the teaching of Geography at a public school in Nova Xavantina, in the state of Mato Grosso, in light of the High School reform. The objectives include understanding the elements that influenced the reform, evaluating the impact of the BNCC on Geography teaching, analyzing the didactic material, and identifying the challenges faced by Geography teachers in the new educational context. Regarding methodology, the research is qualitative, with data collection using a focus group and a semi-structured questionnaire with High School Geography teachers, enabling an analysis of the pedagogical practice and the challenges faced from the perspective of the reform. In this scenario, we discussed some essential points, such as the reform implementation process that disregarded the precarious infrastructure of schools in the country; the way Geography is diluted into a large area, and the reduction of the workload of the Geography subject. We present a discussion that analyzes the presence of cartographic language in the BNCC of High School, highlighting the relevance of Cartography for Geography teaching. Additionally, an analysis was made of how cartographic language is integrated into the Geography content present in the High School didactic material of Mato Grosso, created by the Getúlio Vargas Foundation (FGV). Furthermore, we addressed the origin of Cartography and its function as an instrument of state power, as well as discussing cartographic language as an essential proposal for the development of students' geographical reasoning. In this context of investigating Geography teaching, with an emphasis on cartographic language, within the scope of the current High School reform in Brazil, the results reveal a panorama of regression in the geographical education of students and highlight the precariousness of public education. The conclusions highlight the challenges and impacts on teaching practice, contributing to the discussion about the need for improvement in educational policiesItem Utilização de drones como suporte à gestão de segurança e infraestrutura na Universidade Federal de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-08-26) Silva, Ubirajara Pereira; Ferreira, Manuel Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4498594723433539; Ferreira, Manuel Eduardo; Alves Júnior, Leomar Rufino; Luiz, Gislaine CristinaIn recent decades, the application of emerging technologies has revolutionized security and infrastructure management in educational institutions, promoting greater efficiency in public spending and faster response for users: students, educational technicians, teachers, and the academic community. This research aimed to evaluate some remote sensing techniques based on unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) equipped with RGB and thermal sensors to support the safety and physical maintenance protocols of the Federal University of Goiás. Thus, applications in internal surveillance, especially in areas covered by vegetation, as well as in building infrastructure, were considered, in this case focusing on infiltration and water accumulation on roofs, which could enhance the proliferation of arboviruses related to the Aedes aegypti mosquito, transmitter of dengue, chikungunya, zika, and yellow fever. The study was conducted at the Samambaia Campus in Goiânia between the years 2022 and 2024, involving drone flights over dense and sparse vegetation areas (to locate people within these environments), and over selected campus buildings to detect gutter obstructions, water accumulations, and roof damages. We found good potential of the drones in detecting thermal anomalies in sparse forests (indicating the presence of humans), examining damages, and visualizing the conservation state of the University's buildings. The research allowed us to verify the versatility of the technologies employed in monitoring structural conditions, focusing on building roofs, and the security aspect of the Samambaia campus, offering an aerial perspective, notably more efficient than ground inspections. It is concluded that the University administration should be equipped with drones embedded with RGB and thermal imaging sensors, with significant gains in security and infrastructure management.Item O trabalho de campo no Parque Urbano Municipal Itatiaia-Goiânia/GO: contribuições do percurso metodológico de mediação didática como meta para construção do pensamento geográfico no ensino de geografia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-12-15) Silva, Wanessa Santos; Alves, Adriana Olívia; : http://lattes.cnpq.br/2629325348519209; Alves, Adriana Olívia; Sacramento, Ana Claudia Ramos; Souza, Carla Juscélia de OliveiraSystematized Geography as a science assigns significant scientific and academic relevance to fieldwork as a methodological procedure. In school Geography, fieldwork is considered a teaching proposal that mobilizes various geographical themes. This research advocates the theoretical-methodological approach of fieldwork for teaching integrative geographical themes through didactic pathways for mediation in Geography education. This approach is supported by pedagogical knowledge, specifically the pedagogical content knowledge (Shulman, 2005), and the use of geographical problematizations to develop students’ ability to think geographically and act in their daily practices. The overall objective is to analyze the potential of fieldwork in an Urban Park to mobilize integrated knowledge of physical-natural and social components in education, aiming for the construction of geographical thinking. The specific objectives are: (i) to understand the theoretical-methodological concepts of fieldwork in an Urban Park in the didactic mediation process for Geography teaching; (ii) to relate fieldwork to the integration of physical-natural and social components; (iii) to recognize possibilities of thinking through Geography based on geographical situations, using them as aids for the construction of geographical thinking; and (iv) to evaluate the development and learning of students based on a theoretical-methodological concept of fieldwork, grounded in the construction of geographical thinking. The research justification unfolds on two levels: (a) personal/academic, emerging during undergraduate studies, noticing transformations in learning through fieldwork conducted in Geography studies, with the investigation beginning with a focus on teaching through the research conducted in the undergraduate final paper; (b) professional, present in teaching practice, with the opportunity to conduct fieldwork in Basic Education, confirming its potential in the teaching and learning process. It returns as an academic justification due to the desire to understand, from the perspective of a teacher-researcher, the potential of fieldwork in Geography education in an Urban Park. In this research, Urban Parks are conceived as linked to fieldwork and Geography education as a geographical situation due to the set of relationships in this space, understood as a product of influences between social and physical-natural components in the urban space. The research methodology is qualitative, specifically participant research with collaborative elements, allowing the confrontation of information between the object and the researched subject, facilitating the understanding of reality. The spatial scope of the research is the Itatiaia Municipal Park, located in the Itatiaia neighborhood, North region of Goiânia-GO. The subjects of this research are 8th-grade students from the State Military Police School of Goiás - Waldemar Mundim Unit, located in Vila Itatiaia, in the city of Goiânia-GO. It is concluded that the implementation of fieldwork in an Urban Park based on a theoretical-methodological concept is an effective strategy that allows the integration of daily life with geographical concepts and contents, promoting geographical thinking. Participatory fieldwork develops autonomy based on scientific research and helps solve problems in the studied urban space.Item Análise ambiental integrada da paisagem na bacia hidrográfica do rio Araguaia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-03-10) Assis, Pâmela Camila; Bayer, Maximiliano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4552593148328465; Bayer, Maximiliano; Silva, Elaine Barbosa da; Faria, Karla Maria Silva deThe Araguaia river basin – the field of study of this research – is located in an ecological transition area between the two largest biomes in Brazil, the Cerrado and the Amazon, attributing to it, in effect, a state of continuous pressure from agricultural expansion, since the last decades, in order to threaten the integrity of the remaining natural area and the connectivity between these biomes. The Araguaia River is one of the main river in the Brazilian territory, and represents the only major river system in Central and Southern Brazil that has not yet been dammed or affected by other direct human interventions in the channel. Furthermore, it is also characterized as one of the few large free-flowing rivers in South America. The basin also has the important remnants of natural Cerrado vegetation, with important areas for biodiversity conservation, in addition to presenting a complex flood plain, which corresponds to one of the largest and most diverse floodplains in the world (Planície do Bananal) and is characterized by being the most geodiverse in the Cerrado. The paths for the development of this research center on the integrated environmental analysis of the landscape in the Araguaia river basin. Faced with this need, the study of landscape dynamics and geoprocessing techniques through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were used as theoretical foundations. The construction of this integrated environmental analysis of the landscape involved the acquisition and spatialization of the following environmental data (land use and coverage, pivots, deforestation, fires, conservation units, biodiversity, hydroelectric, caves, quilombola communities, indigenous lands and settlements), considered as essential data for the integrated analysis of the landscape in the Araguaia river basin. Therefore, the interaction between landscape elements, under the approach of geoprocessing and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), made it possible to carry out the main correlations from the Principal Components (CP's) in the Araguaia River watershed in 2019, showingeffective for the study area. The Analysis by Principal Components showed that there was about 72% of the total variability of the data; of these, the categories of caves, endangered and endemic species, fires, hydroelectric, deforestation and conservation units showed more correlations. It is also worth noting that the remaining Savanna Formation areas are a priority area for conservation, as they represent the natural vegetation that comprises a large part of indigenous territories and conservation units, as well as the highest occurrence of endemic species in the hydrographic basin. However, this region, for 2019, represented the area with the highest rate of deforestation and number of fires.