Épocas de cultivo, densidades de plantio e soma térmica de híbridos de tomate para processamento industrial
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2019-03-01
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Most of the Brazilian production of processing tomatoes is practiced in the Cerrado region, justified by the absence of impeding factors for crop cultivation in the months of February to October. The aim of this work was to identify planting dates, planting densities, and thermal sum that allow better agricultural and industrial yields with the commercial hybrids of processing tomato planted by industries operating in the goiano Cerrado. For studies with planting densities and planting densities, six experiments were conducted in the 2017 season. Three experiments were performed in period 1, transplanting at the beginning of April, one experiment for each hybrid: N-901, U-2006 and CVR-2909. In period 2, transplants at the end of May, three more experiments were done with the same hybrids. The experiments were designed in random complete block, with six replicates. In all experiments, five planting densities were evaluated: D1 = 20 thousand plants ha-1; D2 = 25,000 plants ha-1; D3 = 30 thousand plants ha-1; D4 = 35 thousand plants ha-1; and D5 = 40 thousand plants ha-1. The effects of planting densities in the six experiments were analyzed joint, considering the three hybrids and the two planting dates as the effects of the experiments. The total and commercial yields were evaluated; and total and commercial production per plant. To evaluate the performance of hybrids at different planting dates and thermal sum, two experiments were conducted in the 2017 season, the first with transplanting at the beginning of April, corresponding to period 1, and the second with transplanting at the end of May (period 2). In the same way, two experiments were done on 2018 season in the same periods. The hybrids H-9553, N-901, BA-5630, CVR-2909 and CVR-6116 were cultivated in every experiments. The experiments were designed in random complete block, with four replicates. The total and commercial yields were evaluated; maturation uniformity; soluble solids content; pulp yield; and firmness of the fruits. The effects of the hybrids obtained in the four experiments were analyzed joint, considering the season and planting dates as the effects of the experiments. In general, the meteorological conditions presented different behaviors between the two seasons. It is possible to increase the productive performance of tomato hybrids for processing in the Cerrado region by adopting the appropriate planting density and the best planting date for each hybrid. Planting densities higher than 40,000 plants ha-1, in single lines, should be evaluated, as it was not possible to obtain maximum yield points at the densities evaluated. The hybrids H-9553, N-901, BA-5630, CVR-2909 and CVR-6116 present similar quality and ideal performances to be cultivated in periods 1 and 2; the thermal sum for the five hybrids can range from 1495.1 ° C.day to 1728.0 ° C.day.
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BEZERRA, R. S. Épocas de cultivo, densidades de plantio e soma térmica de híbridos de tomate para processamento industrial. 2019. 55 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2019.