Diversidade evolutiva de morcegos: padrões geográficos e aplicações em conservação
Carregando...
Data
2013-03-18
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Aim: To investigate global patterns of phylobetadiversity (PBD) in bats, with the
purpose to better understand the mechanisms underlying current biodiversity patterns.
We also aimed to use a metric that allows partitioning PBD into two components to
distinguish the relative roles of local (e.g. lineage filtering) and regional processes (e.g.
speciation) in shaping broad-scale patterns of PBD. Furthermore, we analyzed the
distance-decay relationship of phylogenetic beta diversity to provide more information
about factors that act in the PBD patterns.
Location: global, delimited by biogeographic regions.
Methods: Using the global distribution of bats and a supertree available for most
species, we calculated PBD using the complement of phylosor index. We used a null
model to test if two assemblages were more or less phylogenetically dissimilar than
expected by chance. In addition, we decoupled PBD into turnover and nestednessresultant
components, providing information about two factors that produce differences
in assemblage phylogenetic composition. We also performed a Mantel analysis to
analyze the distance-decay patterns of PBD and its two components.
Results: The most striking difference in PBD was found between the Old and New
World “phylogenetic composition”. We found the lowest values of PBD between
adjacent regions (i.e., Neotropical/Neartic; Indo-Malay/Paleartic), revealing a strong
geographical structure in PBD. These values were even lower when the turnover
component was analyzed, demonstrating the differences in the role of regional processes
in shaping regional diversity. On the other hand, we found out that for some adjacent
regions (e.g., Afrotropical/Paleartic), the observed PBD was higher than expected by
chance and comparatively different from expected by the distance decay relationship.
This value remained high, even when we analyzed just the PBD turnover component.
This demonstrates that although these regions are relatively close in space, there are
other factors driving phylogenetic differences between them (e.g. an environmental
barrier).
Main conclusions: Our analyses revealed differences in the expected patterns of bat
PBD among regions, suggesting that at broad scales, besides the effects of distance and
geographic barriers, we also have to consider the importance of environmental gradients
when studying the phylogenetic origin of bat assemblages.
Descrição
Citação
PEIXOTO, Franciele Parreira. Diversidade evolutiva de morcegos: padrões geográficos e aplicações em conservação. 2013. 68 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ecologia e Evolução) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2013.