Estado nutricional, percepção da imagem corporal e qualidade de vida de adolescentes
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2013-10-28
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Objective: To analyze the influence of Body Mass Index percentile on Body
Image perception and Quality of Life of adolescents from a large city.
Methodology: Cross-sectional study in which a representative sample of
healthy adolescents was selected from both private and public schools of a
Brazilian capital city. Anthropometric measures were performed in order to
calculate Body Mass Index percentile. A scale of Body Image was applied to
the adolescents to verify whether there was satisfaction or dissatisfaction and
possible Body Image distortion. Self-reported questionnaires were also
applied to the adolescents and their parents or responsible adults with
questions about the Quality of Life and image the adolescents have about
themselves and the view of the parents about the Quality of Life of their
children. Results: This study has included 1,168 adolescents aged between
12 and 18, mean of 14.7 (± 1.60), being n=550 (47.1%) male and n=618
(52.9%) female. It was observed that 3.4% of the young people were
underweight and 22.4% were either overweight or obese with higher
overweight prevalence among male adolescents, the youngest and private
schools students. It was verified that 69.4% were dissatisfied with Body
Image, 30% of the adolescents wished to gain weight and 39.4% wished to
lose it. The majority of the subjects presented Body Image distortion: of those
underweight, 35.0% did not regard themselves as thin, 33.8% of the
eutrophic individuals did not believe they should belong to this classification,
39.1% of those with overweight did not consider themselves to be so and
62.1% of the obese individuals believed they were just overweight or
eutrophic. Regarding Quality of Life, the adolescents presented a self-
evaluation better than that of their parents in terms of school, social, physical
and global attributes. Concerning the emotional aspects, on the other hand,
the adolescents had self-evaluated worse than their parents’ assessment.
Male adolescents’ self-evaluation was better than that of female adolescents
in terms of emotional, school and social aspects. Older adolescents
demonstrated higher Quality of Life scores than the younger ones regarding
social, psychosocial and global dimensions. Public school students had
higher Quality of Life scores than those of private schools regarding physical,
psychosocial and global dimensions. Conclusions: Overweight/obese
adolescents are the ones who presented more dissatisfaction with Body
Image, mainly the female. Male adolescents presented a greater wish of
gaining weight. Body Image distortion was present in adolescents of all Body
Mass Index ranges. Adolescents evaluated their Quality of Life better than
their parents except regarding the emotional dimension. Older male
adolescents and the ones who attend public school presented better Quality
of Life.
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MENDONÇA, Karla Lorena. Estado nutricional, percepção da imagem corporal e qualidade de vida de adolescentes. 2013. 169 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2013.