Suplementação de ácido linoleico conjugado na dieta de matrizes de frango de corte e da sua progênie
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2017-09-26
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Two experiments were carried on to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the diets of breeders and broilers, and the alterations caused by post-hatch fasting. In the first experiment, two commercial flocks of breeders aged 58 weeks old were used, and one of them was supplemented for 26 days with 0.025% CLA. At the end of the supplementation, a completely randomized design was applied, composed by two treatments (0 and 0.025% CLA), to evaluate the physical quality and composition of the eggs. Subsequently, 270 eggs per treatment were distributed in two hatcheries, in a randomized block design, determined according to the hatchery used. The incubation parameters were evaluated and the fatty acid profile of the feed, yolk and yolk sac were determined. After hatching, post-hatching diets (0 or 0.025% CLA) were provided for 12 hours, and 320 chicks were housed in a completely randomized design, in a 2x2 scheme (maternal CLA x post-hatching CLA), totalizing four treatments and eight replicates of 10 birds each. The organs relative weight, intestinal development and humoral and cellular immunity were evaluated in embryos, newly hatched chicks, 12 hours after hatching, and at seven days old, as the pre-starter performance. The inclusion of CLA in the diet was able to alter the physical and bromatological characteristics of the eggs and yolk sacs of the progeny from supplemented breeders, also changing the fatty acid profile, but without causing embryonic mortality. The intestine was also influenced by CLA, both macroscopically and histologically. The CLA offered to the breeders influenced the intestinal development of the chicks from the embryonic phase and continued to exert effect after hatching, associated with the progeny supplementation. Breeder supplementation led to a better pre-starter performance of the progeny. In the second experiment, 320 male and female chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design, in a 2x2 factorial scheme, considering post-hatch fasting (access to water for 12 hours; access to water and food for 12 hours) and post-hatch diet (0; 0.025% CLA). The birds were vaccinated at 15 days old against Newcastle disease virus. The metabolizability of diets from four to seven days old, intestinal and organs development, and cellular and humoral immunity were evaluated weekly up to 35 days old. Post-hatch fasting affected performance, and CLA was not able to minimize the negative effects of fasting. However, birds were able to recover up to 35 days old. Post-hatch fasting decreased the immune response of birds. In both assays, CLA generally positively influenced humoral and cellular immunity. Among the evaluated organs, the liver was the main one to have its relative weight altered due to the use of CLA. Supplementing only progeny did not provide as much benefit as compared to supplementation of the breeder or both. The obtained results demonstrate the inclusion level of 0.025% of CLA is safe for use in breeders and may bring benefits to their progeny.
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MARTINS, P. C. Suplementação de ácido linoleico conjugado na dieta de matrizes de frango de corte e da sua progênie. 2017. 179 f. Tese (Doutorado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.