Doutorado em Zootecnia (EVZ)

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttp://200.137.215.59/tede/handle/tde/223

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Avaliação nutricional de grãos secos de destilaria contendo solúveis (DDGS) para frangos de crescimento lento
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-09-04) Cirilo, Lucas Vieira; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mojica; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3136809931691012; Mello, Heloisa Helena Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Mascarenhas; Souza, Lilian Francisco Arantes de; Almeida, Ana Maria de Souza; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros de; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) from corn as a substitute for soybean meal in the diet of slow-growing broiler chickens from 1 to 56 days of age, and the chemical composition and metabolizable energy (AME) and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) values of the DDGS. In the first experiment, 480 slow-growing Label Rouge chicks, male and female, were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments, six replicates, and 20 birds/replicate. The treatments consisted of DDGS replacement levels with soybean meal at 0, 15, 30, and 45%, corresponding to 0, 4.9, 9.90, and 14.7% DDGS in the starter diets; 0, 4.3, 8.6, and 13.0% DDGS in the grower diets and 0, 3.9, 7.9, and 11.8% DDGS in the finisher diets. The parameters evaluated were: weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and viability at 21, 42, and 56 days. At 56 days of age, 24 birds, one per replicate, were slaughtered to obtain carcass yield, commercial cut yield, and abdominal fat determination. Blood was collected from the same number of birds for serum dosages of total protein, albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and VLDL. In the second experiment, a metabolic assay was conducted using the total collection method. 180 slow-growing Label Rouge broiler chicks, 13 days old, were housed in metabolic cages. The birds were distributed in a completely randomized design, consisting of two treatments, with six replicates, 10 birds per experimental unit, and a reference diet. The treatments consisted of the reference diet + DDGS and the reference diet + DDGZ + enzyme complex. For the composition of the test diets, DDGS replaced 30% of the reference diet, with and without the addition of the enzyme complex. The enzyme complex consisted of the enzymes: xylanase, beta-glucanase, and xyloglucanase and was added at 0.002 mg/kg. At the end of the experiment, the amount of feed consumed per experimental unit and the total amount of excreta produced were determined. From the results of the laboratory analyses, AME, AMEn, CMEMA, CMMS, CMPB, and CMMFDN were calculated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance using the F-test at 5% significance using the R Studio software. At 21 days, significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in feed conversion, which was better for chickens fed diets containing 15 and 30% DDGS replacing soybean, compared to the treatment without DDGS. Chickens fed DDGS showed higher blood concentrations of triglycerides and VLDL compared to birds that did not receive DDGS in their diet. There was no significant effect of the use of an enzyme complex on the AME and AMEn values of DDGS. The AME values obtained were: 3,735.5 and 3,703.9 kcal/kg and the AMEn values were 2,875.4 and 2,746.6, respectively, for the diets with DDGS and DDGS + enzyme complex. The values for CME, CMMS, CMPB, and CMFDN for DDGS were 87.85%, 78.77%, 71.18%, and 35.36%, respectively, as well as for DDGS with added enzyme, which were 87.60%, 77.04%, 69.37%, and 34.86%, respectively. The use of DDGS is recommended at levels up to 30% as a replacement for soybean meal, corresponding to 9.90% in the diet of slow-growing broilers up to 21 days of age, and up to 45%, corresponding to 13.0% and 11.8% in the diet for the growing and finishing phases, respectively. DDGS in the diet of slow-growing broilers at 21 days of age did not affect the metabolizability coefficients. The addition of an enzyme complex associated with DDGS did not affect the metabolizability coefficients of the nutrients.
Niveis crescentes de protease em dietas para frangos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-11-28) Carvalho, Deborah Pereira; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3136809931691012; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Stringhini, Jose Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Stringhini, Jose Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Leite, Carla Daniela Suguimoto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2443043246332134; Pires, Marilia Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0064354583300117; Martins, Julyana Machado da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0398913252523086; Santos, Bruno Moreira dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0501619703357980
Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the optimal level of protease enzyme supplementation for broiler chickens based on performance parameters, carcass yield, and amino acid (AA) digestibility. In the first experiment, performance and carcass yield of broilers supplemented with different levels of protease enzyme in diets with reduced indigestible AA fraction, based on corn and soybean meal, were evaluated from 1 to 42 days of age. Ten diets were used in a feeding program format according to the growth phase. A basal diet and diets with reduced indigestible AA fraction were supplemented or not with three protease inclusion levels: 4,000 UP/kg, 8,000 UP/kg, and 12,000 UP/kg. The inclusion was analyzed in two periods: 1-21 days and 22-42 days of age to evaluate the effect of protease inclusion in each phase and its accumulated effect over the entire 1-42 days period. For performance variables, broilers fed the pre-initial phase with 12,000 UP/kg in diets with reduced indigestible AA fraction showed increased weight gain, similar to those fed the basal diet. In the 1-42 days period, a quadratic effect on feed conversion was observed, with the best conversion at 6,243 UP/kg of protease. Regarding carcass and cut yields, no statistical differences were observed between treatments. It was concluded that protease supplementation in diets with reduced nutritional levels improved broiler performance. The other two experiments aimed to evaluate the effect of different protease levels on ileal amino acid digestibility. The first experiment (1) assessed the apparent ileal digestibility coefficients (AIDC) of amino acids in the diet, and the second experiment (2) assessed the apparent and standardized ileal digestibility coefficients (SIDC) of amino acids in the ingredients, corn and soybean meal, for broilers in the early phase. In experiment 1, treatments consisted of: basal diet; reduced indigestible AA fraction diet (RR); RR + 8,000 UP/kg; and RR + 12,000 UP/kg. A completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and six replicates of 10 birds each was used. The RR + 8,000 UP/kg treatment significantly improved the AIDC of AA in the diet. In experiment 2, treatments consisted of a protein-free diet (RIP) containing corn or soybean meal, supplemented or not with two levels of protease enzyme (8,000 UP/kg or 12,000 UP/kg). A completely randomized design (CRD) with seven treatments and six replicates of 15 birds each was used. The 8,000 UP/kg level increased the SIDC of AA in soybean meal, and the 12,000 UP/kg level significantly increased the SIDC of AA in corn. The addition of protease to broiler diets in the early phase is effective in increasing the digestibility coefficients of amino acids in the diet, corn, and soybean meal. It is recommended to use 12,000 UP/kg of protease in broiler diets, as this level improved weight gain without compromising bird viability.
Bioeficácia do ácido 2-hidróxi-4-metiltiobutanoico e exigências de metionina + cistina sobre o empenamentoem frangos de corte, analisadas por imagens digitais assistidas por IA
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2026-03-26) Arruda, Michel Blézins de; Stringhini , José Henrique; Leandro , Nadja Susana Mogyca; Café , Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Cafe, Marcos Barcellos; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Silva, Júlia Marixara Sousa da; Moraes, Sandra Regina Pires de
The objectives were to estimate the relative bioefficacy of 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid (HMTBa) compared to DL-methionine (DLM), to determine digestible methionine + cystine (Met+Cys) requirements, and to validate an artificial intelligence-assisted digital morphometry method for feathering quantification in male Cobb 500 broilers during the starter (1–18 days), grower (18–32 days), and finisher (32–42 days) phases. For the bioefficacy studies, three independent experiments were conducted at the Poultry Research Facility of the Federal University of Goiás (Goiânia, GO, Brazil), totaling 5,664 birds, in a completely randomized design with 11 treatments: a methioninedeficient basal diet (6 replicates) and ten diets supplemented with increasing levels of DLM or HMTBa (0.04, 0.08, 0.15, 0.25, and 0.35%), on a weight-to-weight basis (9 replicates each), with 23, 20, and 16 birds per experimental unit in the starter, grower, and finisher phases, respectively. Relative bioefficacy was estimated using five simultaneous regression models — exponential, linear (slope-ratio), quadratic, Linear Response Plateau (LRP), and Michaelis- Menten — fitted to individual body weight and weight gain data in the R environment. In the starter phase, nonlinear models estimated HMTBa bioefficacy between 73 and 79% for weight gain, with significant differences detected by the LRP (73.09%; p = 0.025) and the exponential model for body weight (75.92%; p = 0.048). In the grower phase, bioefficacy ranged from 79 to 88% with no significant difference in any model (p > 0.05). In the finisher phase, bioefficacy ranged from 92 to 100%, with the Michaelis-Menten model estimating 99.72%, indicating virtually complete functional equivalence. The linear model systematically overestimated bioefficacy (92–113%) and violated the residual normality assumption across all three phases. The LRP model was recommended as the reference due to its greater sensitivity in detecting differences between sources across all phases. Phase-specific correction factors were proposed: 1.35× in the starter, 1.17× in the grower, and 1.0× in the finisher phase. For the determination of nutritional requirements, three experiments were conducted with 1,173, 1,020, and 816 birds in the starter, grower, and finisher phases, respectively, in a completely randomized design with six treatments corresponding to increasing levels of digestible Met+Cys (0.578 to 0.920% in the starter; 0.523 to 0.865% in the grower; 0.484 to 0.826% in the finisher), obtained by the dilution method between a basal diet without DLM and a concentrated diet containing 0.35% DLM. Requirements were estimated using the Quadratic Response Plateau (QRP) regression model in the R environment (EASYREG package). In the starter phase, the QRP model (R² = 0.997 for body weight and weight gain; R² = 0.954 for feed conversion ratio) estimated requirements of 0.860%, 0.862%, and 0.854% for body weight, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio, corresponding to Met+Cys:Lysine ratios of 69%, 69%, and 68%. In the grower phase (R² = 0.985; 0.995; 0.988), requirements were 0.727%, 0.760%, and 0.781%, with ratios of 66%, 69%, and 71%. In the finisher phase (R² = 0.926; 0.876; 0.936), requirements were 0.705%, 0.701%, and 0.736%, with ratios of 72%, 72%, and 75%. For the digital morphometry validation, two experiments were conducted in the starter (1,173 chicks) and grower (1,020 birds) phases, using the same six DLM treatments. At the end of each phase, two birds per experimental unit were photographed using a Canon EOS Rebel T7 DSLR camera under a standardized protocol (ISO 200, f/8.0, 1/60 s, 50 cm distance, diffuse lighting). Images were processed through an automated Python pipeline assisted by the ChatGPT-4 platform (OpenAI), comprising GrabCut segmentation, dorsal ROI definition, grayscale conversion, binarization with a fixed threshold (T = 210), and quantification of the percentage of pixels classified as feather. At 18 days, the QRP model (R² = 0.934; p = 0.0168; CV = 16.00%) estimated a critical point at 0.825% digestible Met+Cys with a plateau of 5.14% coverage. At 32 days, the QRP model (R² = 0.947; p = 0.0122; CV = 4.61%) estimated a critical point at 0.843% with a plateau of 34.82%. The method demonstrated sensitivity to detect significant differences in feathering among nutritional treatments in both phases. In conclusion, HMTBa bioefficacy relative to DLM shows a consistent ontogenetic progression (~76% in the starter, ~83% in the grower, and ~97% in the finisher phase), consistent with the maturation of hepatic enzymatic conversion systems; digestible Met+Cys requirements progressively decrease with age, with Met+Cys:Lysine ratios of 68%, 71%, and 75% recommended for the starter, grower, and finisher phases, respectively, based on feed conversion ratio; and artificial intelligence-assisted digital morphometry constitutes a viable, reproducible, and complementary tool for objective feathering quantification in broiler chickens.
Avaliação do escore de condição corporal por imagens digitais em fêmeas suínas gestantes
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2026-03-09) Cunha, Ana Caroline Rodrigues da; Ventura, Ricardo Vieira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0956712532589198; Almeida, Vivian Vezzoni de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4160526490591013; Carmo, Adriana Santana do; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0782572407995106; CARMO, ADRIANA SANTANA DO; GARBOSSA, CESAR AUGUSTO POSPISSIL; SCHULTZ, ERICA BEATRIZ; COSTA JUNIOR, JOAO BATISTA GONÇALVES; SILVA, SERGIO FRANCISCO DA
Monitoring body condition is one of the most critical practices in the production management and nutritional monitoring of female swine, performed at strategic moments to improve the reproductive performance rates of the herd population. However, these visual evaluations and/or caliper measurements are prone to inconsistencies due to personal perceptions of the ideal phenotype. Continuous evaluation of phenotypic characteristics under morphological assessment allows for nutritional adjustments that optimize sow productivity. This process, which requires time, labor, and involves stressful manual interventions for the animals, can be automated through the collection of 2D digital images of the animals. To minimize the bias of subjective BCS assessment, this study developed and evaluated a deep learning-based approach using pre-trained neural networks for automated classification in pregnant sows and gilts. Aiming to identify the architecture that provides the ideal balance between generalization capability and precision, 190 PIC® Camborough® females were used, with 760 2D digital images captured using a Samsung Galaxy A34 smartphone, considering 4 collections from 190 females during the gestation period, as follows: 567 images for the Ideal class, 140 images for the Under class and 53 images for the Over class. The grid search technique was used to execute 60 experiments, varying the hyperparameters, in addition to obtaining globally optimal combinations for the machine hyperparameters through the adjustment of the PSO algorithm. Furthermore, 80% of the data were used for training, within this set, 20% were used for validation (467 images for training and 116 images for validation) and subsequently, 20% of the dataset (177 images) were used for testing. All convolutional neural networks and hybrid architectures were evaluated using the weighted global F1-Score, the F1-Score per class, and accuracy on the test dataset, as well as the loss function. After the experimental configurations and the correction adjustment between hyperparameters, performance metric results for the convolutional neural networks were obtained on the test set. The experiment for the ResNet50 architecture demonstrated the greatest robustness and consistency, achieving sensitivity for both minority classes, with an accuracy of 70% and an F1-Score per class of 25.4%, 23.5% and 81.5% for Under, Over, and Ideal, respectively, in addition to a weighted F1-Score of 66.5%. The experiments conducted in this study demonstrated that the direct application of transfer learning to body condition in females presents challenges that go beyond the choice of neural network architecture, such as dataset quality. It was further observed that, despite hyperparameter optimization and the application of class weights, the final model encountered difficulties in discriminating against minority classes for all hybrid architectures. The results of this study suggest that the primary limitation lies in the feature extraction stage, likely due to the visual anatomical similarity between the BCS classes.
Aspectos moleculares relacionados à maturação adrenal durante a placentite em equinos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-03-28) Menezes, Flávia Vieira de Freitas Azevedo de; Carmo, Adriana Santana do; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Gambarini, Maria Lúcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4440003524956701; Gambarini, Maria Lúcia; Porto, Regiani Nascimento Gagno; Spricigo, Jose Felipe Warmling; Oliveira, Rodrigo Arruda de; Biancardi, Manoel Francisco
Embargo
Utilização de óleos essenciais em dietas de frangos de corte
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-09-18) Gomes, Milene Gondim de Oliveira Alves; Carmo, Adriana Santana do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782572407995106; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3136809931691012; Santin, Ana Paula Iglesias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2059115299287800; Moraes, Sandra Regina Pires de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6794529292807257
Resumo
Desempenho e características de carcaça de cordeiros alimentados com óleos na dieta
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-08-30) Oliveira, José Franklin Athayde; Cabral Filho, Sérgio Lucio Salamon; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5130152188557892; Ribeiro, Marinaldo Divino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9275367436956499; Ribeiro, Marinaldo Divino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9275367436956499; Silva, Janaína Januário da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2721813981218018; Costa, Adriano Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5047062101213730; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0724478254270327; Okada, Eliane Sayuri Miyagi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5838290185532582
The confinement of sheep has shown potential to increase profitability by standardizing carcasses and reducing slaughter age. However, high feed costs remain a major obstacle, leading to the search for alternatives such as agro-industrial byproducts, which reduce costs and support environmental sustainability by minimizing methane emissions. Supplementation with vegetable oils, such as sunflower, canola, and coconut, has shown benefits, optimizing the diet, improving energy efficiency, and positively impacting the ruminal microbiota. The experiment conducted at Fazenda Água Limpa at the University of Brasília analyzed the effects of three vegetable oils on the performance, feeding behavior, and carcass yield of Dorper x Santa Inês lambs during finishing. The base diet was partially replaced by canola, sunflower, or coconut oil, each in eight replicates. Sunflower and canola oil showed higher daily and total weight gain, while the coconut oil group achieved similar results to the control group. Using these oils in sheep diets can be a viable alternative, contributing to the sheep production chain. The expansion of sheep farming, especially in developing countries, meets the growing demand for meat. Crossbreeding and strategic nutrition, including the selection of vegetable oils, have been crucial for improving meat quality and production performance. Sunflower and canola oils, rich in unsaturated fatty acids, offer meat quality benefits, while coconut oil, with higher saturated fats, has distinct metabolic effects. The research demonstrated that sunflower and canola oils improve attributes like tenderness and lipid profile. However, variables such as genetics and environment also impact the final results. The study further explored diet impact on ruminal microbiota, essential for digestion and nutrient absorption. Genetic sequencing analyses showed that vegetable oil inclusion significantly alters microbiota composition. Canola and coconut oils reduced microbial richness, while sunflower maintained greater diversity. These changes influence feed efficiency and animal health, demonstrating that oil choice in the diet should consider production needs and animal welfare. In summary, supplementing sheep diets with vegetable oils has the potential to improve meat quality and optimize production, although implications vary depending on the type of oil and herd characteristics. Nutritional strategies aligned with production goals and sustainability are essential for efficient and environmentally responsible farming, with vegetable oil standing out as a strategic resource in sheep diet management.
Utilização de óleos vegetais na dieta de cabras leiteiras: revisão sistemática e metanálise
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-09-29) Oliveira, Graziele Silva de; Miyagi, Eliane Sayuri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5838290185532582; Rodrigues, Marcelo Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3995108980809931; Ribeiro, Marinaldo Divino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9275367436956499; Ribeiro, Marinaldo Divino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9275367436956499; Silva, Cássio José da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7588149022530651; Leite, Gilberto Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7015960596860796; Biagiotti, Daniel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0624756513438291; Silva, Márcia Maria Cândido da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3670785667500813
Embargada.
Probiótico a base de Bacillus amyloliquefaciens em dietas de poedeiras comerciais
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-03-11) Oliveira, Natiele Ferraz de; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4936451314440305; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Stringhini; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; Martins, Julyana Machado da Silva; Pires, Marília Ferreira
The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of a probiotic based on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as an alternative additive to performance-enhancing antimicrobials in the diet of commercial laying hens. An experiment was conducted at the Experimental Poultry House of the Federal University of Goiás (UFG) with 320 commercial laying hens of the HyLine W-80 strain (from 54 to 72 weeks of age), with the first two weeks dedicated to the birds' adaptation to the cages and experimental feed. The birds were housed in commercial laying cages and distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2x2 factorial scheme, comprising four experimental treatments: with/without the commercial performance-enhancing antibiotic Zinc Bacitracin and with/without the commercial probiotic based on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, with ten replicates of eight birds each. The experiment lasted 16 weeks, divided into four 28-day periods. At the end of each productive period, zootechnical performance variables and internal and external egg quality were measured. At the end of the experimental trial, at 72 weeks of age, 24 hens (6 per treatment) were euthanized for evaluation of intestinal morphometry. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and Ftest to determine the significance of the treatments, and a multiple comparison test by ScottKnott was applied using the R statistical software, with a significance level of 5%. For performance variables, no significant differences were observed (p>0.05) for the individual factors or their interaction (antibiotic and probiotic) across the productive periods evaluated. For internal and external egg quality variables, no significant differences were found for the individual factors or their interaction across the evaluated periods. For the histological variables, it was observed that birds fed the diet containing the probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens showed greater villus height in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, and greater crypt depth in the jejunum and ileum, compared to the treatment using the performance-enhancing antibiotic. The probiotic represents a viable alternative to the use of performance-enhancing antibiotics in layer poultry production.
Níveis de concentrado para bovinos nelore terminados em semiconfinamento sobre o desempenho, características de carcaça e qualidade da carne
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-04-30) Ribeiro, Renata Vaz; Okada, Eliane Sayuri Miyagi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5838290185532582; Santos, Aracele Pinheiro Pales dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5413323103608795; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Jacovetti, Reginaldo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3731549241382444; Hellmeister Filho, Paulo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4391389845941028; Ferreira, Reginaldo Nassar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2555785079833283; Silva, Wilton Ladeira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1593390000423230
Embargado
Probiótico e prebiótico na alimentação de frangos de corte
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-02-10) Rocha, Josilene Correa; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3136809931691012; Assis, Saullo Dioso de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8710831855820668; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Moraes, Dunya Mara Cardoso; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros de; Mello, Heloísa Helena de Carvalho
Embargado.
Fatores relacionados à maturação oocitária, à doadora, ao touro e às condições climáticas que afetam a produção in vitro de embriões bovinos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-03-28) Teixeira , Rafaela Cavalcanti; Melo, Leonardo de França e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7210044551904428; Sprícigo, José Felipe Warmling; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1634468962324103; Gambarini, Maria Lucia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4440003524956701; Gambarini, Maria Lucia; Santos, Ricarda Maria dos; Lopes, Dyomar Toledo; Porto, Regiani Nascimento Gagno; Arnhold, Emmanuel
Embargado
Desenvolvimento e características fisiológicas de embriões de frangos de crescimento lento provenientes de matrizes de diferentes idades
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-02-21) Di Castro, Izabela Cruvinel; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3136809931691012; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Pereira, Adriana Aparecida; Souza, Lilian Francisco Arantes de; Araújo, Itallo Conrado Sousa de
Embargado
Parâmetros genéticos, validação de marcadores moleculares e seleção genômica para maciez da carne em bovinos Nelore
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-03-25) Soares, Byanka Bueno; Eifert, Eduardo da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1970715916178343; Sainz, Roberto Daniel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7128624824011246; Magnabosco, Cláudio Ulhoa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1852112832119187; Magnabosco, Cláudio Ulhoa; Prado, Cristiano Sales; Espigolan, Rafael; Brunes, Ludmilla Costa; Costa, Marcos Fernando Oliveira e
Embargado.
Desempenho e saúde intestinal de frangos de corte suplementados com probiótico e ácidos orgânicos na ração
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-03-12) Dias, Allan Gabriel Ferreira; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3136809931691012; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Lucca, Érica Crosara Ladir de; Brito, Alexandre Barbosa de; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros; Almeida, Ana Maria de Souza
Embargada.
Fósforo disponível na nutrição e saúde óssea de peixes teleósteos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-09-21) Menezes, Ludmila Lopes de Castro; Bueno, Guilherme Wolff; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2055316269740101; Guimarães, Igo Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1959358415883904; Guimarães, Igo Gomes; Val, Adalberto Luis; Souto, Cristielle Nunes; Oliveira, Denise Silva de; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho
This thesis aimed to investigate the use of available P (AP) in diets of teleost fish species, considering its effects on growth, health, bone development and mineralization of skeletal structures. For this purpose, scientific experiments were conducted to determine the quantitative and qualitative implications of the consumption of diets containing levels of adequate dietary correspondence, below and above the specific nutritional requirements of each species. The results of these studies resulted in the elaboration of two scientific articles, whose approaches and main features are described below. The first article aimed to determine the nutritional requirement of AP for tambaquis (Colossoma macropomum) in the final growth phase (± 400 to 1000 g). The results indicated that AP supplementation did not affect the growth of tambaquis fed plant-based diets, and the diets containing 4.1 g/kg of AP. were sufficient to sustain growth in the evaluated phase. However, for adequate mineralization of the whole body and mineralized structures, the level in the diet of tambaquis is 10.3 g/kg AP. The second article investigated the impacts of AP. deficiency and the effect of restoring the mineral in the diet in three species of teleost fish: tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), pirapitinga (Piaractus brachypomus) and panga (Pangasius pangasius). The results showed that phosphorus deficiency increased body fat deposition, however, restoring the AP supply was not able to completely reverse this adiposity. The dynamics of mineral deposition in mineralized structures was speciesspecific, with the cephalic bones being the main source of mineral mobilization in situations of deficiency. The findings indicate that reestablishing the AP supply after a long period of deficiency is able to restore the physiological well-being of the fish evaluated in this study. The results obtained highlight the importance of assessing the impacts of phosphorus deficiency at different stages of rearing and the use of appropriate parameters to determine the level of AP in the diets of teleost fish. Although bone abnormalities are visible and relevant indicators, they represent only a part of the consequences of phosphorus deficiency, with the metabolic and physiological effects being less apparent. Therefore, a more comprehensive approach focusing on parameters related to the physiological well-being of teleost fish can contribute to more sustainable and environmentally friendly aquaculture
Óleos essenciais, ácidos orgânicos e probióticos associados ao antibiótico melhorador de desempenho em rações para frangos de corte
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-03-26) Santos Neto, Lindolfo Dorcino dos; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3136809931691012; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Laboissière, Michele; Carvalho, Genilson Bezerra de; Costa, Miliane Alves da; Martins, Julyana Machado da Silva
The use of alternative feed additives such as organic acids, probiotics, and essential oils in the poultry industry has been increasing due to restrictions regarding the use of antibiotics as growth promoters. For that, four experimental trials were conducted to evaluated the use of feed additives in association with antibiotics. The first experiment had three treatments and 10 replicates, in which 660 one-day-old chicks (22 birds per pen) were distributed in a completely randomized design. The treatments were as follows; treatment 1: basal diet plus enramycin addition. Treatment 2: basal diet without feed additives addition. Treatment 3: basal diet plus enramycin and essential oil addition. The second experiment had the same experimental design of the first one; however, with the following treatments: treatment 1, basal diet plus enramycin addition; treatment 2, basal diet without feed additives addition; treatment 3: basal diet plus enramycin and organic acid addition. The third experiment also used the same experimental design; although with the following treatments: treatment 1, basal diet plus enramycin addition; treatment 2, basal diet without feed additives addition; treatment 3: basal diet plus enramycin and probiotic addition. The fourth experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design with two treatments and ten replicates (22 birds por replicate), totalizing 440 one-day-old chicks. The treatments were as follows, treatment 1: basal diet plus enramycin addition associated with essential oil and probiotic, Treatment 2: basal diet plus enramycin associated with organic acids and provbiotics. No statistical differences were observed among treatments for final average body weight, body weight gain, feed intake nor feed conversion (P>0.05). Neither were observed differences among treatments for carcass and commercial cuts yield (P>0.05), which were analyzed in two birds per experimental unit at 42 days of age.
Associação e seleção genômica para eficiência alimentar em bovinos Nelore
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-02-22) Brunes, Ludmilla Costa; Rey, Fernando Sebastian Baldi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2142265309634106; Lopes, Fernando Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1399785191420919; Magnabosco, Cláudio Ulhoa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1852112832119187; Magnabosco, Cláudio Ulhoa; Mascioli, Arthur dos Santos; Carmo, Adriana Santana do; Coelho, Alexandre Siqueira Quedes; Costa, Marcos Fernando Oliveira e
The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for feed efficiency, growth, reproductive and carcass traits in commercial Nelore cattle herds, and the correlated response between them. It was also aimed perform a study of genomic selection evaluating prediction methods, validation approaches and pseudo-phenotypes, and conduct a weighted single-step genome-wide association study and an enrichment analysis for feed efficiency of feed efficiency related traits. Residual feed intake (RFI), dry matter intake (DMI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed efficiency (FE), residual live weight gain (RG), residual intake and live weight gain (RIG), birth weight (BW), weight at 120 (W120), 240 (W240), 365 (W365), and 450 (W450) days of age, scrotal circumference at 365 (SC365) and 450 (SC450) days of age, rib eye area (REA), backfat thickness (BF) and rump fat thickness (RF) were evaluated. The growth, reproductive and carcass traits records from 15,639 Nelore cattle were used. Data from feed efficiency tests carried out between 2011 and 2018, with phenotypic and genotypic information of 4,329 and 3,594 animals, respectively, were considered. The genetic parameters were estimated in a single step approach (ssGBLUP). Six prediction methods of genomic breeding values (GEBVs) were used: ssGBLUP, Bayes A, Bayes B, Bayes Cπ, BLASSO, and Bayes R. Three validation approaches were used: 1) random: the data set was randomly divided into ten subsets and the validation was done in each subset at a time; 2) age: the population was divided into training and validation set based on the year of birth, with the first group consisting of animals born between 2010 and 2016 and the second group born in 2017; 3) genetic breeding value (EBV) accuracy: were divided into two groups, with animals with accuracy above 0.45 considered as the training population, and below 0.45 the validation set. We checked the accuracy and bias of GEBV. The percentage of variance explained by windows of 10 adjacent SNPs was used to identify regions that explained more than 0.5% of the additive genetic variance on each trait. The feed efficiency related traits showed low to moderate heritabilities, ranging from 0.07 to 0.20. Feed efficiency related traits showed low genetic correlations with growth (-0.19 to 0.24), reproductive (-0.24 to 0.27) and carcass (-0.17 to 0.27) traits, except for growth with DMI (0.32 to 0.56) and FE (-0.40). The results showed that the prediction ability were similar between the prediction methods. The low heritability obtained, mainly for FE (0.07±0.03) and FCR (0.09±0.03), limited the GEBVs accuracy, which ranged from low to moderate. The regression coefficient estimates were close to 1, and similar between the prediction methods, validation approaches, and pseudophenotypes. On average and despite low variation (0.0331), the random cross-validation presented the most accurate predictions, ranging from 0.07 to 0.037, than EBV accuracy and age. The prediction ability was higher for phenotype adjusted for fixed effects than for EBV and EBV deregressed (30.0 and 34.3%, respectively). Enrichment analysis by The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) revealed several functional vias such as neuropeptide signaling pathway (GO:0007218), negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0090090), detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste (GO:0001580), bitter taste receptor activity (GO:0033038), neuropeptide hormone activity (GO:0005184), bile secretion (bta04976), taste transduction (bta0742), and glucagon signaling pathway (bta04922). The selection to improve growth, reproductive and carcass traits would not change RFI, RG, and RIG. On the other hand, DMI, FE and FCR may lead to an increase in body weight, in addition to the selection for FCR may lead to a reduction in carcass yield. The genetic background of feed efficiency related traits are different, which would lead to different genetic responses. The choice of the most adequate selection criterion depends on the production system and goals. Genomic prediction methods can provide a reliable estimate of genomic breeding values for RFI, DMI, RG and RGI, traits that may have higher genetic gain and selection viability than FE and FCR. Enrichment analyzes showed genes associated with in insulin, leptin, glucose, protein and lipid metabolism, energy balance, heat and oxidative stress, zinc finger system, bile secretion, satiety, feed behavior, salivation, digestion and absorption of nutrients. The identification of these genomic regions and their respective genes provide information about genetic basis and biologic regulation for Nelore feed efficiency related traits.
Índices microclimáticos e indicativos de estresse térmico em bovinos de corte
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-08-13) Karvatte Junior, Nivaldo; Alves, Fabiana Villa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1153061642306224; Miyagi, Eliane Sayuri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5838290185532582; Miyagi, Eliane Sayuri; Almeida, Roberto Giolo de; Santos, Darliane de Castro; Ferro, Diogo Alves da Costa; Ferro, Rafael Alves da Costa
The objective was to use microclimatic indexes and to propose indicators of thermal stress in beef cattle to evaluate animal production systems. For that, two experiments were carried out: (i) using infrared thermography to evaluate microclimate and thermal comfort in silvopastoral systems; and (ii) evaluating the physiological adaptability of beef cattle in feedlot and pasture submitted to thermal stress. The first experiment was conducted at the Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, from June 2015 to February 2016. The evaluations were carried out in two silvopastoral systems with different densities and spatial arrangements of cultivated and native trees, from 08h to 16h, with intervals of one hour between evaluations. Infrared radiation emissions of temperature (°C) and humidity (%) of the canopy and pasture surface were recorded, in the shadow projection and in the full sun. At the same time, the microclimatic parameters were evaluated and the main thermal comfort indeces were subsequently calculated. Variations of canopy and pasture temperature and humidity were observed, with direct influences on microclimate and animal thermal comfort. The greatest fluctuations occurred during the summer and at noon with substantial improvements in the environment under the canopy. The Principal Components Analysis extracted two components in order of their importance to explain 70.6% of the total variance observed between the variables. Moderate and strong correlations (r ≥ 0.63; or, r ≤ 0.80) showed positive linear effects (R²adj ≥ 0.40, or, ≤ 0.63) between thermography, microclimate and thermal comfort indeces. The results show that temperatures and humidities of canopy and pasture surfaces can be continuously monitored using infrared thermal imagers, making it a potential tool (r ≥ 0.53; or, r ≤ 0.78) for microclimate prediction and thermal comfort in silvopastoral systems. The second experiment was conducted on farms located in Civitella Paganico, Grosseto province, Italy, in partnership with Università di Pisa (Italy), from May to September 2017, using 60 animals (20 Aubrac, 20 Maremmano and 20 ½ Maremmano x ½ Piemontês) divided into two production systems (confinement and pasture). Cortisol in the hair, physiological variables (rectal, hair and skin temperatures, cardiac and respiratory frequency) and hematological variables (complete blood count) were evaluated. No effects of production system were observed (P> 0.05). However, the effects of genetic groups, the evaluation period and the interaction between genetic groups and production systems significantly affected (P <0.05) all evaluated parameters. The crossbreed genetic group had the highest concentrations of cortisol during the whole experimental period, favoring the greater variations in the physiological parameters and being more susceptible to chronic stress. Non-invasive methods, such as the sampling of hairs on animals and the application of infrared thermography for the evaluation of production systems, contribute to the advancement of scientific research in several areas of knowledge.
O nitrato encapsulado aumenta a eficiência de utilização do suplemento para bovinos de corte em pastejo
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-12-14) Figueiredo, Cibelle Borges; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949776443064259; Silva, Maurícia Brandão da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9608210292530980; Couto, Victor Rezende Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4329309889502866; Couto, Victor Rezende Moreira; Cunha, Paulo Henrique Jorge da; Cabral Filho, Sergio Lucio Salomon; Ribeiro, Marinaldo Divino; Araújo, Rafael Canonenco de
Encapsulated nitrate has been pointed out as a promising tool for reducing methane production by ruminant animals. The objective was to evaluate, in Chapter 2, the effects of the use of encapsulated nitrate on the performance of beef cattle on pasture in the dry season, dry transition of water and water, and in Chapter 3 the fermentative parameters in in vitro assays using substrates in proportions and similar compositions of the performance experiment. The evaluated treatments were: Control – protein-energy supplement without inclusion of encapsulated nitrate, and EN – protein-energy supplement with inclusion of 50 g of encapsulated nitrate per kg of dry matter. In the performance experiment (Chapter 2), the supplement was given daily at 1.0% of body weight. The leftover concentrate was weighed daily to estimate supplement intake. The animals were weighed every 28 days, and the rate of supplement consumption was also evaluated. There was a reduction in supplement dry matter intake with the inclusion of EN in the supplement in the dry period (P < 0.01) (2.404 to 2.283 kg/day), dry-water transition (P < 0.01) (2.922 kg to 2.496 kg/day), water (P < 0.01) (3.631 to 3.143 kg/day) and total period (P < 0.01) (2.943 to 2.605 kg/day). The average daily gain was not influenced by the inclusion of NE in any of the evaluated periods (P > 0.13). The inclusion of EN resulted in an increase in the feed efficiency of the animals in the dry-water transition period from 0.362 to 0.411 (P < 0.01). In Chapter 3, three experiments were carried out, corresponding to the dry season, dry-water transition and water, in order to evaluate the Control and EN treatments. The evaluation times were zero, three, six, nine, 12, 24 and 48 hours after incubation. Each time was composed of its respective triplicates. In these times, the in vitro degradability of dry matter (IVDDM) and neutral detergent fiber (IVDNDF), ammonia nitrogen (N-NH3), methane and gas production were evaluated. At 24 hours, the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) was evaluated. There was a reduction in methane production from 22.2 to 19.3 mg (P < 0.01) in the dry season. The total incubation time (48 hours) was marked with a 5% reduction in IVDDM with inclusion in EN (741.4 vs 703.9 g/kg) (P < 0.02) in the dry transition season substrate. waters. An increase in the molar proportion of acetate from 14.36 to 20.33 mM/L (P < 0.04) was observed with the inclusion of encapsulated nitrate in the wet season substrate. There was no significant effect of including nitrate in the wet season substrate on IVDDM and IVDNFD (P > 0.06). The inclusion of encapsulated nitrate in the proportion of 50 g/kg of supplement DM increases the feed efficiency of grazing animals, and reduces the methane production with the use of dry season forage.

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