As multidimensões da Pobreza no estado do Piauí: uma análise a partir do método Alkire - Foster

Abstract

The objective of the present study is to examine the profile of multidimensional poverty in the state of Piaui, based on the estimation of a multidimensional poverty index (IPM), regarding dimensions and indicators, based on the Alkire - Foster (AF) method and the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI). The contribution of the research focuses on the detailed analysis of multidimensional poverty in the state so that the results obtained can be used as an instrument for monitoring and combating poverty. To construct the index, information from the IBGE National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) was used, referring to the year 2015. The results indicate that 11.42% of households in the state of Piaui are multidimensionally poor, with 1.83% in a situation of extreme poverty. These numbers indicate a more critical scenario about Brazil and the Northeast region, where poverty records percentages of 4.1% and 8.15%, respectively, with extreme poverty being 0.5% and 1.19% in the same order. The intensity of poverty in Piaui was 43.38%, a similar proportion to the Northeast and Brazil. As for the subgroups analyzed, 27.73% of Piaui households located in rural areas are multidimensionally poor, compared to 3.45% located in urban areas, with their deprivation intensities being 44.8% and 37.81%, respectively; no distinctions between households headed by male and female individuals about the contribution of the indicators; In terms of the age group of household members, there is a higher incidence of poverty in households that have individuals aged 60 or over (18.93%) and a substantially higher value of the (IPM) for households whose head has a informal occupation (0.0754) compared to formal occupation (0.0096). It is understood that such results, by helping to understand the specific needs of the poor population, can contribute to the development of assertive public policies, to reduce poverty and promote more equitable development in the State.