O Rio São Francisco na história: o uso público da memória e o projeto de meio técnico-científico - Brasil 1930-1950
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2022-03-15
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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This work investigates the public use of the memories between the 1930s and 1950s in the context of the debate on the economy of the São Francisco River through the use of non-fiction books by intellectuals, engineers, journalists and historians. The São Francisco River, object of discourses of naturalists and travelers in the 19th century, was configured as central to national identity in different discourses during this period. It reflected two processes: on the one hand, a change in historiography that expanded its objects of study and approached the social sciences and geography, as well as the notion of historical laws and determinisms, especially through a territorial history; on the other hand, this discussion was articulated with a debate of public opinion on the economic use of the São Francisco River to mitigate the impact of droughts, colonization of the interior of the country, hydroelectric production, industrialization of agriculture and strengthening of the internal market. Throughout this period, it received several epithets that were reconfigured and did not have a univocal meaning, being related to the ideological positions of intellectuals who interpreted them with relative freedom. At the end of the 1940s, the creation of a public planning authority of the valley implied an attempt to make official a memory marked by the racialization of the inhabitants and the stereotype of space as primitive, but did not immediately reached the inhabitants of the valley. The thesis defended here is that a technical-scientific project shared by the majority of intellectuals for the economic use of the valley have created a representation of the past destined to naturalize and justify this project and silenced the memories and stories of the inhabitants of the valley, excluding the public opinion in dictatorial and democratic contexts. It is a social history of historiography in dialogue with hermeneutics and a history of books and reading about the public use of memories in the São Francisco Valley in the 1930s to 1950s.
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MARTINS, F. D. O Rio São Francisco na história: o uso público da memória e o projeto de meio técnico-científico - Brasil 1930-1950. 2022. 324 f. Tese (Doutorado em História) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2022.