Prevalência de sintomas depressivos na gestação e fatores associados
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2016-03-09
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Introduction: Psychic suffering is a characteristic of depressive symptoms
carrier. When it occurs in pregnancy, it is a predictor of post-partum
depression, abortion, and pre-eclampsia, and an increase of premature and
surgical deliveries. Thus, the article aimed to analyze depressive symptoms
and factors associated in pregnant women during prenatal care. Methods:
Cross-sectional descriptive study, whose sample consisted of 375 pregnant
women assisted during prenatal care in two important Public Hospitals in
Goiânia, GO, Brazil, between September 2014 and May 2015. Social,
economic, demographic, psychological, obstetric and behavioral data were
collected. To assess the depressive symptoms among the pregnant women,
the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), which is internationally
recognized and validated in Brazil, was used. Data were analyzed with the
assistance of EPI-INFO® software, version 7.1.5. The calculation of
Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was done with the Statistical Package software
for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. For the correlation analyzes of
variables, the Fisher’s Exact test, Mantel-Haenszel, Chi-Square and
Prevalence Ratio were used, considering statistically significant the p-value
associated lower or equal to 0.05 (p≤0.05) with a 95% Confidence Interval
(95% CI). Ethics Committee in Research from Hospital das Clínicas of UFG
(process nº 786.358 approved the research). Results: Depressive symptoms
has reached 40.80% of the interviewed women, while 25.33% of them had
moderate symptoms. The sample consisted mostly of young pregnant
women, where 41.87% of them had completed only high school; 56.00% earned up to two minimum wages and the prevalence of alcohol ingestion by
their partners was 45.11%. After multivariate analyses it was evident that,
“suffered emotional/psychological violence” (OR=6.224), “single/separated”
(OR=3.020), “prior mental problem” (OR=3.042), “obstetric complications
during current pregnancy” (OR=2.347) and “alcoholism by pregnant in the
first three months” (OR=2.230), showed association with symptoms of
depression. In addition, “perform physical activity during pregnancy”
(OR=0.266) and having “alcohol-abstinent partner” (OR=0.403) had a
protective relationship to the emergence of depressive symptoms.
Conclusions: The prevalence of probable depressive symptoms among the
participants is 15.47%. The importance of ascertaining the screening of
gestational depression if the woman is single, if there is emotional violence,
obstetric problems during pregnancy and the consumption of alcohol by the
woman or by her partner.
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MORAES, Eleomar Vilela de. Prevalência de sintomas depressivos na gestação e fatores associados. 2016. 98 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2016.