Operação urbana consorciada: um instrumento de indução do desenvolvimento urbano ou financeirização da cidade?

Abstract

The present work deals with the Consortium Urban Operation (OUC), an instrument instituted by the City Statute (Lei nº 10.257/2001), whose purpose is to enable structural and urban transformations in certain urban sections, through the association of various actors. Currently, most Brazilian municipalities apply the instrument's regulation. However, despite the wide acceptance, several challenges are presented when reconciling the interest of the agents involved and the strategies of the real estate market in an urban intervention project. The main objective of this research is to analyze whether the OUC works as an instrument inducing urban development and/or as an inducer of the financialization of the city, contributing to the production of gentrifiable urban spaces. For this, the methodology relied on a bibliographic and documentary survey, with conceptual and historical identification of the institutionalization of the instrument in Brazil. The research also includes a conceptual survey and definitions of the themes “financialization”, “urban development” and “gentrification”. Furthermore, in order to understand the connection of these phenomena with the instrument, it was necessary to analyze two case studies, namely: Urban Operation Consortium Faria Lima in São Paulo and the proposal for Urban Operation Consortium of Jardim Botânico in Goiânia. As main results, it is pointed out that, although it is formalized nationally, the local definition given by the municipality, based on specific proposals, favors the heterogeneity of the instrument. With regard to the debate on financialization and gentrification, it is observed in the analyzed experiences, the use of the instrument more focused on the notion of land as a financial asset, and not for the recovery of public investments and reinvestment from the perspective of the social function of society. ownership and social inclusion.