Práticas assistenciais e ocorrências de eventos adversos: percepção dos enfermeiros
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2018-04-30
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Objective: To analyze nurses' perceptions regarding nursing care practices and their relationship with risks and occurrence of adverse events in hospitalized patients. Method: Cross-sectional, correlational study developed in medical clinic units, surgical and renal replacement therapy of a public hospital of state education, with a population of 45 nursing assistants. Data collection was from January to May 2017, by means of the instrument "Adverse Events Associated with Nursing Practices", a self-administered questionnaire, with Likert type scales, translated and validated into Brazilian Portuguese. Results: The total number of participants was equivalent to 91.1% of the nurses working in the clinics surveyed, being 75.6% female, with an average age of 33 years, 53.7% had two or more employment relationships, average weekly working time of 56.2 hours and 63.4%, in the last 12 months, participated in a course on patient safety. In the general perception of nurses, 24.4% indicated that the occurrence of adverse events associated to care practices never/rarely compromises patient safety. Regarding the existence of risks and occurrence of adverse events were pointed out failures in the preventive practices, associated with inadequate clinical surveillance/judgment, defense deficit, falls, pressure injuries, medication errors, and health care-related infections. Maintain patient vigilance indicated a reduction in risk and occurrence of pressure injuries (p = 0.040). Preventive practices in pressure injuries (p = 0.0012), prevention of falls (p = 0.043), hand hygiene (p = 0.028) and care with personal protective equipment and environmental hygiene (p = 0.034), reduced adverse events in the medication process. In the nurses' perception, the existence of risk (24.4%) and occurrence (4.9%) of medication errors were high. Failures in the medication administration process increased the risk and occurrence of adverse events for falls (p = 0.049), pressure lesions (p = 0.012) and health care-related infections (p = 0.004). Failures in medication monitoring increased the risk and occurrence of falls (p = 0.035) and health care-related infections (p = 0.014). In the multiple regression analysis, medication preparation failures increased the risk and occurrence of adverse events in all phases of the medication process (p = 0.006). Considerations: Strategies related to the permanent training of the professionals in patient safety with approaches in the systemic errors associated to the organizational support for the learning is a way to be followed by the leaderships to minimize / mitigate occurrences of adverse events related to the assistance practices and with that to develop a safety culture focused on improvements in care quality in health and nursing services.
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AMARAL, R. T. Práticas assistenciais e ocorrências de eventos adversos: percepção dos enfermeiros. 2018. 118 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Enfermagem) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2018.