Diagnóstico precoce do pé diabético em pacientes atendidos em um serviço do sistema único de saúde
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2019-02-21
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Introduction: Ulceration and (or) destruction of soft tissues that occur in the feet of
the diabetic patient associated with neurological changes and peripheral arterial
disease characterize the clinical condition known as diabetic foot. The person with
diabetes mellitus has a lifetime risk of developing this complication estimated at
25%, diabetic foot injuries accounting for 20% of all hospitalizations of diabetic
patients. Objective: To evaluate the factors related to the development of diabetic
foot in individuals attended in a public health service. Method: An observational,
descriptive, quantitative study of diabetic patients older than 18 years of age, of both
gender, who were attended by endocrinologists, between July 2018 and July
October 2018 at the Dr. Ilion Fleury Jr. public Health Unit municipality of Anápolis,
Goiás, Brazil. Participants were evaluated for their socioeconomic and clinical
characteristics, with vascular and neurological evaluations, as well as the
classification of the risk of developing diabetic foot, according to the International
Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF). For statistical analysis, the IBM
SPSS Statistics® program was used, with the Chi-Square Test, Chi-Square Test for
Trend and Fisher's Exact Test. Significance was defined as a p value <0.05.
Results: A total of 85 patients were evaluated. The prevalence of diabetic foot in
the sample was 10.6%. The parameters evaluated diagnosis time of diabetes, nail
appearance, humidity and foot deformities presented a statistically significant
association with the development of diabetic foot (p <0.05). Considering the IWGDF
classification, grade 0, 1, 2 and 3 risks, respectively, were observed in 28.2%,
29.4%, 23.5% and 8.2% of the patients. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the
importance of the identification of symptoms and signs of loss of protective
sensitivity and peripheral occlusive arterial disease, which are the most important
triggering factors for diabetic foot development. The results obtained in this study is
hoped to contribute to the development of a more attractive protocol for the basic
health units system with greater effectiveness and success.
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CARDOSO, H. C. Diagnóstico precoce do pé diabético em pacientes atendidos em um serviço do sistema único de saúde. 2019. 86 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2019.