Efeito do manejo do solo com plantas de cobertura, cultivares/híbridos e nitrogênio na cultura do milho
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Data
2008-02-26
Autores
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Editor
Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The corn is the main cereal produced in Brazil and its productivity is very
affected by the improper use of nitrogen, which is the nutrient absorbed in larger quantities
and therefore responsible for a significant share in production costs. Due to the importance
of nitrogen for the corn crop becomes necessary studies to reduce the amount of nitrogen
applied to the crop, reducing losses and increasing the efficiency of its use, beside
minimize environmental risks. One way have been studied to reduce the amount of
nitrogen applied and increase the efficiency of use of inorganic nitrogen, from the
fertilizer, it is the combination of plants that cover the ground with nitrogened fertilizer.
The study aimed to determine the economic viability and the effect of soil management
with the use of soil cover plants, hybrids and nitrogen doses in coverage in the vegetative
and reproductive characteristics, related to productivity of corn. The corn, in the
experiment, was planted at begning of February in the field trial of Embrapa Arroz e
Feijão, Red Latosol Distrophic. The experimental design was a randomized complete block
with three replicates the arrangement of plots in sub-sub-divided. The plots were formed
by four types of soil management: direct planting of corn on the black mucuna stubble
(Mucuna aterrima Merr.); direct planting of corn on the of crotalária juncea stubble
(Crotalaria juncea L.); direct planting of corn on vegetation spontaneous (aside) and
planting corn in the system of conventional tillage (arado of aiveca). The subplots were
formed by five doses of nitrogen in coverage: 0, 45, 90, 180 and 360 kg ha-1 of nitrogen in
coverage, and the sub-sub-plots of four hybrids of corn: BRS 3003, AG 1051, Green Corn
HT-1, HT-2 Green Corn. The analysis of the benefit / cost was performed on the basis of
prices of materials and services raised in April 2007. The benefit / cost in the various
systems was held in the Excel spreadsheets, and economically viable a relationship
exceeding 1.0. It was concluded that: there is effect of hybrid and soil management on
vegetative characteristics such as plant height and the first spik and on productive
characteristics as income from pulp and grain and mass in a thousand grains of corn, and
there is no interaction between hybrid, soil management and dose of nitrogen in coverage
of the productivity of corn. The best soil management as the benefit / cost is the fallow
without any addition of nitrogen in coverage, followed by the system of conventional
tillage with 45 kg ha-1 and without the addition of nitrogen.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Zea mays L. , Mucuna aterrima , Crotalaria juncea , relação
benefício/custo , nutrição mineral , Zea mays L. , Mucuna aterrima , Crotalaria juncea , the benefit / cost , mineral
nutrition , 1. Milho Cultura 2. Plantas de cobertura 3. Solo
Manejo Viabilidade econômica 4. Milho híbrido
Fertilizantes hidrogenados 5. Nutrição mineral
Citação
AGUIAR, Renata Alves de. Effect of soil management with soil cover plants, hybrids and dose of
nitrogen in the productivity of corn. 2008. 57 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Agrárias) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2008.