Fatores associados à incidência de excesso de peso corporal: um estudo longitudinal com adultos de uma cidade de pequeno porte do centro-oeste do Brasil
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2016-06-27
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Obesity in adults is a major public health problem in Brazil and in the world and is related
to several comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer. The aim
of this study was to identify factors associated with the risk of incidence of overweight
adults in the city of Firminópolis, Goiás. This is a longitudinal study occurred in 2002
(phase 1) and 2015/2016 (phase 2). The sample of this study consisted of 685 individuals
of both sexes, aged over 18 years, 33.7% male and 66.3 % female. After 13 years of
follow-up, the same individuals were reevaluated in demographics, socio-demographic,
dietary intake and lifestyle. We evaluated the weight gain by the di fference between the
measurements in phase 1 and phase 2, the nutritional status by body mass index and
abdominal obesity by waist circumference. The average weight gain was 5.9 kg in 13
years. In the total sample, the eutrophic rate rose from 50.9% to 30.2% (p<0.001), 34.6%
overweight to 38.4% (p=0.067) and obesity of 14.5% to 31.4% (p<0.001). The cumulative
incidence of overweight in 13 years was 19.7% and total obesity was 19.4%. Individuals
of the age groups 50-64 years and ≥65 years had reduced risk of being overweight by
60% and 85%, respectively, compared to individuals aged between 18 and 33 years.
Those of the second quartile of fat intake had reduced the risk by 41% when compared to
the lowest quartile. Individuals who did not consume alcohol in phase 1 had reduced risk
by 42% when compared to those who consumed and those who were smokers in 2002
had 41% lower risk compared with those who never smoked. It was concluded that the
factors associated with the risk of incidence of excess weight were the variables age, fat
intake, alcohol consumption and smoking. Given the complexity of the origin of obesity
and the results of yet conflicting studies are needed more longitudinal studies on the
subject. The obesity prevention public health actions should occur early and need to
sensitize the population to adopt healthy behaviors that long-term modify the incidence of
overweight, avoiding its epidemic character as currently occurs.
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SOUZA, L. G. Fatores associados à incidência de excesso de peso corporal: um estudo longitudinal com adultos de uma cidade de pequeno porte do centro-oeste do Brasil. 2016. 106 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Nutrição e Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2016.