Estudo clínico das alterações dermatológicas nas gestantes de baixo e alto risco

Abstract

BACKGROUND: During pregnancy immunological, metabolic, endocrine and vascular changes responsible for physiological and pathological skin changes occur. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of physiological skin changes and specific pregnancy dermatoses, comparing the period of gestation of their appearance and compare type of prenatal care (low and high risk) and the skin changes. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with 905 pregnant women in the antenatal clinic of low-and high-risk Clinical Hospital / UFG. The patient was submitted to a complete dermatological examination, following head-foot dynamics. Laboratory tests and biopsies were required for differential diagnosis. The variables were analyzed by calculating relative and absolute frequencies and chi-square test for categorical variables. Set value of 5% for significance. RESULTS: Physiological skin changes showed most high phototype and its prevalence was 88.95%. Among these the most common abnormality was hyperpigmentation (87.95%), followed by the appearance of new stretch marks (46.96%). The period of emergence of the changes was greater in the 3rd quarter and compared to other quarters was no statistical difference between them and the type of prenatal care was no statistical difference. The specific skin dermatoses showed most high phototype and its prevalence was 8.72%. Among these the Atopic Eruption was the most common (70.88%), followed by intrahepatic cholestasis (18.98%). The 3rd quarter was the only one to show a statistical difference compared to other quarters. However, when compared to the emergence of these type of prenatal this difference was not significant. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of cutaneous physiological changes of pregnancy was 88.95%, and the specific dermatoses of pregnancy was 8.72% The most common time of onset of physiological changes was in the 3rd trimester, as well as the specific dermatoses. No statistical difference in prenatal low risk compared to high risk was observed, whereas the cutaneous physiological changes specific dermatoses