Normas voluntárias de sustentabilidade: avaliação dos impactos das certificações sustentáveis em empreendimentos amazônicos da cadeia de valor do açaí
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2023-04-28
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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In the global market, the demands for certified products made the Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS), a relevant theme and of attention for commerce, production, and consumption in a world full of Global Value Chains (GVCs). However, the diversity of sustainable standards raises questions about the credibility, intentions, and impacts of adopting VSS in the value chains and on consuming certified products and services. In addition to the variety standards, there are other unsolved problems involving VSS: (i) different perceptions of specialists in the subject about the real sustainable gains with these certifications; (ii) relationship and contributions of VSS to the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of companies; (iii) few studies in sectors such as non-timber forest product - NTFP and (iv) difficulty in assessing sustainability in the different sustainable dimensions. This doctoral thesis aims to investigate in the value chain of the most important NTFP in the Amazon, the açaí, whether the VSS contribute to sustainable results in the Governance, Environmental, Economic and Social dimensions. The choice to study the VSS to the chain of a typical fruit from the Amazon contributes to the great challenge of this region in reconciling economic development with the keep the forest standing. The growing interest in consuming products from Amazon presents environmental, social, economic, and governance challenges that need to be considered in business and public policies. Through case studies in undertakings in the açaí chain and Certification Bodies and the use of tools and indicators, it was possible to develop analyzes and generate information for the Amazon NTFP from the perspective of VSS. With this holistic approach, the investigation brought up and responded to unprecedented issues related to the usability and the implications of VSS on the açaí chain. The results showed the perceptions of the companies about the VSS, which range from the need to adhere to various certifications to be included in the CGV to the synonym of several sustainable actions. However, such VSS are far from being able to keep the forest standing on their own. They answer for only a portion of this purpose. However, there are controversial results regarding the VSS, requiring convergence. There is a long way to go for the weakest links in the CGV (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises - MSMEs) to adopt VSS. Mainly for these links, the requirements are based on bureaucratic managerial activities, which are very complex and involve many themes and indicators. The conclusion is that there is a lack of complements to the VSS that evaluate and validate the results disclosed as sustainable by the companies, ensuring a quality infrastructure and providing a fully sustainable chain.
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MARTINS, K. F. Normas voluntárias de sustentabilidade: avaliação dos impactos das certificações sustentáveis em empreendimentos amazônicos da cadeia de valor do açaí. 2023. 217 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Ambientais) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2023.