Artigos, superfícies e equipamentos utilizados em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal e pediátrica contaminados por Staphylococcus spp. resistentes aos antimicrobianos
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2013-10-21
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Compliance with preventive measures by health professionals is a large challenge,
and it is believed that in the intensive care unit, especially those classified as neonatal
and pediatric, contamination of goods, equipment, and environmental surfaces
contribute significantly to the increased epidemiology of healthcare associated
infections (HAIs). The objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiological
and microbiological profiles of tools, equipment, and ambient surfaces
contaminated with antimicrobial resistant Staphylococcus spp. in neonatal and
pediatric intensive care units. It is a cross-sectional epidemiological study carried out
from August 2011 to September 2012, in a neonatal and pediatric intensive care unit
specializing in maternal and child health of the public health system in GoiâniaGoiás, Brazil. Samples were collected using sterile swabs moistened with saline
solution 0.9%, which were subjected to microbiological processing consisting of
isolation, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Analysis and
interpretation of results followed. Of the 137 samples, 1 02 were identified as
Staphylococcus spp. and, in six of the 12 incubators, different strains of these microorganisms were isolated, totaling 108 isolates. Among the isolates, only four were
identified as Staphylococcus aureus, and the remaining 104 were coagulasenegative Staphylococcus. During the processing of isolates it was revealed that
74.5% of the tools, surfaces and equipment were infected by Staphylococcus spp.,
and of these, more than 80% were resistant to antimicrobials. In four, MLSB
phenotype was detected. As for oxacillin-resistant isolates, 82.3 % had resistance
confirmed by Etest®. Upon completion of the analysis, it became clear that the tools,
surfaces and equipment used in pediatric neonatal intensive care units are reservoirs
of bacteria. This immediately highlights an important contributor to the epidemiology
of HAIs: compliance with procedure for the safety of infants and healthcare workers,
since these findings signal gaps in the work process and therefore in the processing
of these items. Therefore, it is believed that the perception of the professionals who
work in health facilities (related to the risks of cross-contamination) is of unique value
to understanding the need to adopt safe work practices. It is hoped, that contributing
to the development of other studies, with the goal of identifying possible gaps,
involving both the management of the service and standard operating procedures for
the cleaning and disinfection of ambient surfaces, tools and equipment in compliance
with guidelines.
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GONÇALVES, N. F. Artigos, superfícies e equipamentos utilizados em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal e pediátrica contaminados por Staphylococcus spp. resistentes aos antimicrobianos. 2013. 90 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2013.