Gestão democrática nos sistemas de ensino tocantinenses: condições político-institucionais, indicadores e resultados

Abstract

Democratic management is a political and social process that includes participation, decentralization of power, transparency, plurality, dialogue, consensus and the search for equality and social justice. Democratic management strengthens the participation of political society and civil society in educational planning, as well as in collective decision-making. This study aims to analyze compliance with the goal of democratic management in the municipal education plans of eight municipalities with their own education systems in the state of Tocantins. The research also analyzes the progress and challenges in implementing Target 19 of the PNE 2014-2024. In terms of methodological assumptions, the research uses a historicalcritical approach, a bibliographic review on Democratic Management, document analysis to understand conceptions of democratic management, principles, spaces and mechanisms for participation, as well as using field research procedures, using data collection instruments such as observation and interviews with subjects who work in the management of municipal education in education systems. The analysis method was based on thematic analysis of content, based on recording units (words and statements). The data was grouped into categories and analyzed using the theoretical contribution of authors who address the issues identified in them. The education plans of the municipalities surveyed were examined, as were their consonance, dissonance with democratic management, mechanisms, instruments, strategies, actions and indicators. The main theoretical foundations deal with the principles, concepts, spaces and mechanisms for participation in democratic management, as well as focusing on laws, normative documents and national conferences on Democratic Management. The main results highlight the fact that a large part of the Democratic Management strategies in the Municipal Education Plans have not been complied with within the established timeframe; they point to the importance of municipalities moving forward from the perspective of Democratic Management, both in terms of the connection between the text expressed and the subjects involved, and in terms of participation, reflection and action in the formulation of municipal education policies based on the local reality; ratify the importance of creating and implementing ongoing training programs that address the principles of Democratic Management; point out the need to strengthen collegiate bodies as tools for social control, which involves the participation of school councils, student groups, parent and guardian associations, municipal education councils, as well as the Fundeb council, among others. In order to effectively materialize Democratic Management in the municipalities investigated, as a way of contributing to the municipalities of Tocantins, the Thesis defends the understanding and importance of approving specific laws for their education systems, regulating the Democratic Management of public education in the respective spheres of action, as guaranteed by Article 9 of the National Education Plan - Law No. 13.005/2014, articulated with goal 19 and its strategies.