Prevalência da doença de Chagas em gestantes em Goiânia-GO e integração de minicírculos de kDNA de Trypanosoma cruzi em lactentes de mães infectadas
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Data
2013-03-05
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
After more than a century the discovery of Chagas disease, which etiological agent parasite
is called Trypanosoma cruzi, there is still much to be revealed about this disease.
Polymorphism, how to play, the correlation between strain and the clinical, serological and
molecular methods, gene transfer and its clinical consequences, treatment and cure are
topics that involve major issues still not completely understood by researchers of this
enigmatic disease.
The control of donors in blood banks and the reduction of vector transmissions rates
caused the congenital transmission to gain greater importance. In this study, monitoring
women during pregnancy allowed the accompaniment of the newborn to nine months of
age, at which stage it is expected that maternal antibodies have disappeared completely.
To know the population of pregnant women infected by Trypanosoma cruzi, in the service
of a Maternity Hospital, 1979 records were analyzed at an interval of three years (2010 to
2012). Socioeconomic and demographic profiles, as well as reproductive and serological
features were studied. Had positive serology for American trypanosomiasis 3.1% of
women (61/1.979) and a few of them reported abortions. Studies have shown that abortion
in infected mothers who failed to transmit their infection to the fetus had no greater
frequency of miscarriage, prematurity and perinatal mortality, but there was a greater
tendency to stillbirth in mothers who transmitted the infection to their children.
Thirty-eight infected by T. cruzi pregnant women (two with twin pregnancies) and their
fetuses (forty) participated in a survey to verify integration of kDNA minicircle of this
protozoan in their children.
For serological diagnosis the three conventional techniques of ELISA, IFA and HAI were
performed on all samples. All mothers confirmed the positivity of Chagas disease by
serology. Two children had positive serological, parasitological and molecular diagnosis of
Trypanosoma cruzi, featuring congenital transmission, in addition to horizontal gene
transfer. The polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were performed to identify the presence of
nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial (kDNA) in the samples studied. The
amplifications were performed in triplicate with each primer pair for diagnostic
confirmation. Amplification of nuclear material of T. cruzi occurred in 92.1% of mothers
and 10% of children (4/40). In 70% of children and 92.1% of the mothers was no
amplification of kinetoplast DNA of the parasite. Most integration events of minicircle
kDNA occurred through mobile elements, with most of them the LINE-1 retrotransposon.
The largest number of integrations was observed on chromosome X.
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Palavras-chave
Lactentes , Prevalência , Doença de chagas , Gestantes , Kdna , Infants , Prevalence , Chagas disease , Kdna
Citação
SIRIANO, Liliane da Rocha. Prevalência da doença de Chagas em gestantes em Goiânia-GO e integração de minicírculos de kDNA de Trypanosoma cruzi em lactentes de mães infectadas. 2013. Tese (Doutorado Medicina Tropical e Saúde Publica) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2013.