Variabilidade genética quantitativa e molecular em uma coleção de germoplasma de Eugenia dysenterica DC. (Myrtaceae)
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Data
2012-03-15
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The cagaiteira (Eugenia dysenterica DC)., is a native species of Cerrado. The
plant is known for fruit production, which are used in natura or processed in several
ways. It also provides food for the local fauna and, therefore, it conservation is important
for maintenance for the communities. In order to maintain the productivity potential of the
species, we should invest on plant breeding programs. To support these programs and help
the species conservation, it is important to characterize the genetic variability available to
breeders, both in germplasm collections and natural populations. This could also help to
recommend priority areas to collect and conserve the germplasm. Neutral molecular
markers have been used to evaluate the distribution of genetic variability in natural
populations. The genetic structure of populations is the result of
historical interaction between genetic drift, mutation, and gene flow. To detect the
influence of adaptive processes in the genetic differentiation of populations we
used 𝑄𝑆𝑇 index. The comparison of 𝑄𝑆𝑇 to the 𝐹𝑆𝑇, for neutral loci, provides values to test
hypotheses about the role of natural selection. Therefore, the aim of this study was to
characterize the germplasm collection of the cagaiteira from the EA/UFG. We used
quantitative traits and microsatellite markers to make inferences about the role of natural
selection in the differentiation of the cagaiteira subpopulations of Goiás, Southeast Brazil.
Data collected from the quantitative traits were: plant height (AB), height of the first
bifurcation (AB), the stem circumference (CC) and mean diameter of the crown projection
(DC), leaf length (CL), leaf width (LL), leaf format (FF) and footstalk length (CP).
Molecular data were obtained by amplification of eight microsatellite loci. We estimated
the following quantitative genetic parameters: heritability and genetic variation coefficient,
and the molecular parameters: gene diversity and allelic richness. We compared the
probability distributions of the genetic structure parameters for both, quantitative and
molecular data (𝑄𝑆𝑇 vs. 𝐹𝑆𝑇). From the quantitative genetic parameters we found modest
responses to selection for the traits: AP, CC and DC; and significant responses for CL, LL,
FF and CP. It was observed that the samples collected in natural populations are well
represented in the germplasm collection, supported by molecular gene diversity. The
traits AP, DC and DC are under convergent natural selection, and the traits CL, LL, FF and
CP are under divergent natural selection into the cagaiteira subpopulations of Southeast
Goiás.
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ALMEIDA JÚNIOR, Edivaldo Barbosa de. Variabilidade genética quantitativa e molecular em uma coleção de germoplasma de Eugenia dysenterica DC. (Myrtaceae). 2012. 88 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2012.