Ideologia e Psicologia: mapeamento e análise da produção no campo da Psicologia Latino-Americana (1969-2000)

Abstract

Studies on the ideology category have been present in the field of knowledge since the Enlightenment period, mainly in discussions about the validity or otherwise of certain theories and propositions. Discussions about ideology open up a field for different meanings and defenses about what ideology is, which is still a diverse and polysemic field of discussion today. However, more than just different concepts of ideology, it is a category that is part of the social being. The present work aims to understand how the appropriation of the ideology category occurred in Psychology and its relationship with Marxist theories, what are the main conceptions of ideology and the nature of the debate between Psychology and ideology. To this end, a survey was carried out in Latin American journals, books, book chapters, and psychology dissertations that dealt with the topic of ideology between the 1970s and 1990s. A total of 108 texts were analyzed that address the topic of ideology in Psychology, through a study guide structured to meet the research objects. In the end we detected: Marxist influence more present in the 1980s and the 1990s, despite still presenting texts with Marxist influences, is marked by greater eclecticism and the use of Marxism as a complementary theory; the beginning of a gradual turn towards subjectivity through language, communication, and signs. An almost general presence of conceptions of ideology in a gnoseological sense was detected, mostly understood as a mystification of reality as opposed to science.