Caracterização fenológica de cultivares de videira de mesa sobre o porta-enxerto IAC 572 em Goiânia-GO.

Abstract

The objective of this work was to characterize the phenological behavior and determine the thermal requirements of the cultivars BRS Vitória, BRS Núbia, Niágara Rosada on the rootstock IAC 572, 'Jales', in the 2018 harvest. The experimental area is located at the School of Agronomy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia- GO. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with five replications, with a spacing of 2,5 m between lines and 2,0 m between plants, in a trellis system. Five plants were selected at random and the phenological stages were evaluated every two days. The phenological stages evaluated were sprouting, full bloom, pellet grains, peas grains, Veraison, and Colheita. Starting from the pruning, performed on June 7, 2018 until the harvest for each cultivar. The thermal requirement of the varieties was calculated using the sum of Degrees-day, considering the base temperature for the vine of 10 ° C. BRS Núbia in the phenological characterization, the phase with the longest duration and thermal demand was Veraison a Colheita (VC), with a thermal demand of 772,40 Degrees-day and duration of 49 days, followed by the phase that comprises the Full Sprouting (B-PF) with a thermal requirement of 387.40 and 37 days. The phase with the shortest duration and thermal demand was that of the Grains pellets to the Grains peas (GC-GE), with only an 8-day interval and 101.60 degrees-day of thermal demand. The cultivar BRS Vitória in the phenological characterization was the phase with the highest thermal demand and duration, from Veraison to Harvest (V-C) lasting 36 days and 556.30 Degrees of thermal requirement, followed by the phase of Grains peas to Veraison ( GE-V), with a thermal requirement of 396.4 degree-days and a duration of 30 days. The cultivar Niágara rosada the phase with the highest thermal demand was from Grains pea to Veraison (GE-V) with thermal demand of 646.30 Degrees-day, lasting 47 days, the second phase with the longest duration was from Veraison to Harvest ( VC) with 29 days and thermal requirement of 484 Degrees-day. The phase of full flowering of the Chumbinhos grains was the one with the lowest thermal demand with 111.40 degrees and 11 days. For the BRS Núbia cultivar to complete its cycle, the thermal requirement was 1841.11 degrees-day, with a productive cycle, from pruning to the 139-day harvest. BRS Vitória presented a cycle of 127 days and a thermal requirement of 1635.91 degrees-day. from pruning to harvest. The cultivar Niágara Rosada had a cycle of 139 days and a thermal requirement of 1841.11. The thermal duration is a good indicator of the development of the phases of the vine cycle, in the 2018 harvest.