Sistema de geração fotovoltaica com armazenamento em baterias Íon-Li para suprimento de serviços auxiliares em subestações de transmissão

Abstract

Substations and transmission lines facilitate the flow of energy from generation sources to dis-tribution centers. These assets are equipped with auxiliary systems, powered by internal or ex-ternal energy sources, that must be able to maintain their operational continuity. This work investigates the technical and economic feasibility of a photovoltaic system with lithium-ion battery storage (LiBESS-PV) as a supply source for transmission substation auxiliary systems. The research used a systematic literature review and simulations with HOMER Pro, comparing the proposed solution with conventional sources such as the diesel generator (GMG) and the distribution grid. Operating as a single source, the LiBESS-PV presented a Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of R$ 2.28/kWh and a Net Present Cost (NPC) of R$ 1.40 million. These values are significantly lower than the R$ 5.84/kWh and R$ 3.59 million of the GMG, which highlights the economic advantage of the renewable alternative. In multi-source arrangements, the LiBESS-PV demonstrated economic superiority over distribution lines with extensions longer than 7 km, presenting an LCOE of R$ 1.76/kWh and an NPC of R$ 1.24 million for configura-tions with optimized sizing. The investigation validates the proposal's feasibility, emphasizing its ability to ensure the resilience of the electrical system and reduce carbon emissions, espe-cially in isolated substations or those without internal sources.