O ensino do desenho nos cursos de licenciatura em artes visuais: um estudo de caso nas universidades do Centro-Oeste

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the syllabi of drawing courses and the PPCs (Pedagogical Projects of Courses) of universities in the Central-West region of Brazil, namely the Federal University of Goiás, the University of Brasília, and the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. It also sought to identify points of divergence and convergence between the authors present in these syllabi, in order to discuss how the teaching of drawing is planned and approached in the academic context for students in the VisualArts teaching degree. To this end, bibliographic analysis and multiple case study methods were used, including the following methodological stages: identification and collection of university documents, such as the PPCs; analysis of bibliographies from experts on the subject; and identification and collection of governmental curricular documents, such as laws and guidelines for basic education and teacher training. This study presented an overview of the history of drawing education in Brazil, from the arrival of the Portuguese, tracing the path drawing took within educational reforms and according to different pedagogical trends, from technicist moments to the emergence of post-critical trends. From the data analysis, it was possible to observe the presence of certain authors across all the syllabi examined, such as Edith Derdyk, who views drawing as a process of thought and investigation, where line and gesture are fundamental to visual construction, and Fayga Ostrower, who sees art as the creation of meaning, uniting sensitivity and structure to develop creative capacity. Ultimately, through the study conducted, it was possible to identify the fruits of the hard work of Brazilian art educators who paved this path over the 20th and 21st centuries, highlighting differences in drawing practices, such as those of authors who focus purely on technique like Wucius Wong, while others, like Edith Derdyk and Fayga Ostrower, understand that the creative process of drawing involves personal expression.