Desempenho urbano-logístico em terminais de carga aérea: avaliação multicritério aplicada ao SBGO

Abstract

This study aims to prioritize performance indicators for evaluating the service level of air cargo terminals, focusing on the case of the Cargo Terminal at Santa Genoveva International Airport (SBGO), located in Goiânia, Brazil. The research adopts a threefold methodological approach: (i) a systematic review of national and international literature on air cargo terminal performance assessment, with emphasis on multicriteria decision-making methods; (ii) an empirical field investigation conducted with the terminal’s logistics operator (PACLOG); and (iii) the application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the relative importance of validated service attributes. The results reveal that the criteria “Infrastructure,” “Time,” “Location,” and “Cost” are the most significant in shaping perceptions of logistical and operational performance, with infrastructure emerging as the highest-priority factor. At the subcriterion level, the most critical elements include physical space and safety measures (infrastructure), cargo dwell time (time), and variables related to airport charges and freight revenue (cost). The final analysis presents the global impact of each indicator, ranking them by priority and visualizing the hierarchy through tables and bar charts. From a practical standpoint, the findings offer technical support for public policy formulation, investment prioritization, operational process improvement, and urban-logistics planning in airport surroundings. The proposed model is replicable across other Brazilian cargo terminals and contributes to a more integrated, evidence-based, and decision-oriented approach in the air cargo sector. Moreover, the study addresses significant gaps in the academic literature by incorporating urban-logistical efficiency into regional airport infrastructure assessment.