Planejamento, síntese e caracterização de novos candidatos a protótipos de absorvedores de radiação ultravioleta, com perfil antioxidante

Abstract

The destruction of the ozone layer increases exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, the main cause of skin damage. Excessive UV absorption in the skin promotes photochemical reactions associated with serious effects, such as photoaging and carcinogenesis. Therefore, research and development of new safe and effective sunscreens is a critical public health need. The main objective of this research is to synthesize and characterize new UV radiation absorber prototypes. To this end, the methodology employed in this study was the Knoevenagel condensation reaction using 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde as a pharmacophoric group, derived from butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (4), widely used in pharmaceutical inputs as an antioxidant profile. The results obtained confirmed the success of the synthesis and full adherence to the expectations of the structural design of the new compounds. Structural characterization, performed using analytical techniques such as NMR, identified the presence of hydrogen in the α carbon, generated in all the planned molecules. This analytical robustness (1H, 13C, HSQC, HMBC), together with infrared, provided unequivocal confirmation of the structures, validating the planning and success of the synthetic steps proposed in this work. The next step will involve evaluating the UV radiation absorption capacity, as well as optimizing the physicochemical properties, expanding the application potential of these new candidate compounds for sunscreens. The formation of this new family of sunscreens was successfully completed, and the prototypes obtained establish a basis for future research.