Desfechos materno-fetais de mulheres com diabetes na gestação atendidas em um serviço público de referência da cidade de Goiânia

Abstract

Introduction: Gestational diabetes and pre-pregnancy diabetes are conditions that can lead to significant complications for both the mother and the newborn. This study analyzed the maternal-fetal outcomes of 163 pregnant women diagnosed with diabetes treated at a public referral service in the city of Goiânia, with data collected between January 2023 and August 2024. Objective: To evaluate the main adverse maternal fetal outcomes related to gestational diabetes and diabetes mellitus prior to pregnancy. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, analytical, and retrospective study was carried out with the objective of identifying the main maternal and neonatal complications and evaluating the efficacy of the diagnosis and treatment offered. Results: The results indicated that 58.3% of the pregnant women were diagnosed with gestational diabetes due to fasting glucose, and 50% had gestational hypertension as an associated comorbidity. Regarding obstetric outcomes, 50.3% of deliveries were cesarean sections, with failure to induce the main justification. Regarding newborns, 70% did not present neonatal complications, with 86.4% classified as having adequate weight for gestational age and 99.4% achieving good general conditions at the fifth minute of life (APGAR score between 7-10). Conclusion: The findings reinforce the importance of adequate prenatal care and effective glycemic control to minimize complications and improve maternal-fetal outcomes, especially in populations served by the public health system.