Modelagem dinâmica da paisagem aplicada na análise de uso do solo na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Vermelho, Goiás, Brasil
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2015-10
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The analysis of watersheds, regarding the temporal monitoring of land use and conservation, is instrumental for the
maintenance of natural resources and biodiversity. In the Cerrado biome, this is particularly important, given the level
of changes occurring in this environment since the 1970`s, mainly due to agricultural activities, already exceeding
its resilience limit. It is in this context of fragility of the watersheds, which extends beyond political boundaries, and
that the effective spatial planning and governance of landscapes should occur. This study, based on the use of spatial
modeling and GIS techniques, aimed at evaluating the interrelationships between static and dynamic variables in
the Rio Vermelho Basin (BHRV), State of Goiás, such as soil fertility, proximity to converted areas, road network,
and terrain slope, emphasizing their respective weights on the occupation process of this basin, along two historical
periods, 1976 and 1987. The analysis of these two key moments indicated that soil fertility and proximity to areas
already under agricultural use, coupled with a growing road system (0.41 km/km2 and 0.92 km/km² in 1976 and 1987,
respectively), were the determinant factors explaining the massive occupation and conversion observed for the period
under consideration. In this study we also confi rmed the potential of the BHRV to expand its cattle support capacity
for those areas already integrating grazing on planted pastures and Cerrado remnants (i.e. livestock - forestry integration),
comparatively to the 0.7 to 0.9 head/hectare/year observed in conventional/extensive pasturelands. Up to now,
approximately 65% of the BHRV (with a total area of about 11,000 km2) has been subject to anthropic induced changes,
with an impact on rivers, lakes, and water-heads and springs above 40%. Therefore, an improved understanding on the
dynamics and occupation processes in the Rio Vermelho basin, representative of many other areas in the core Cerrado
region, in combination with more sustainable management practices, can be a major contribution to the preservation
of this severely and still threatened biome.
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Uso do solo, Modelagem dinâmica, Bioma cerrado, Bacia hidrográfica, Intensificação da pecuária
Citação
VIEIRA, Pedro Alves; FERREIRA, Manuel Eduardo; FERREIRA, Laerte Guimarães. Modelagem dinâmica da paisagem aplicada na análise de uso do solo na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Vermelho, Goiás, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Cartografia, Rio de Janeiro, v. 67, n. 6, p. 1217-1230, set./out. 2015.