Programa de Pós-Graduação em Economia
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Navegando Programa de Pós-Graduação em Economia por Por Orientador "Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo"
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Item Consumidores discriminam trabalhadores por conta própria? Uma análise empírica para o ano de 2014(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-08-31) Brito, Lorena de Sousa; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5484881117429853; Monsueto , Sandro Eduardo; Casari, Proscila; Diaz , Mario Ernesto PiscoyaThis dissertation has the main objective to analyze the possible existence of discrimination of the consumer against self-employed workers in Brazil. Assuming that the individuals most likely to suffer this type of discrimination are those who have more contact with customer in their work process (or who deal with image, success or beauty) a two-level visibility classification has been proposed. In this way, the self-employed were categorized by their skin color and degree of exposition of the occupation (or level of contact with the client), resulting in four comparison groups: high visibility caucasian, high visibility blacks and dark-skinned, low visibility caucasian and low visibility blacks and dark-skinned. The incomes were estimated for each of these groups through quantile regressions applied to the PNAD 2014 microdata. Subsequently, the quantum decomposition method was applied to income differentials to decompose on explained and unexplained components. The main results evidenced the presence of consumer discrimination, which is higher for individuals who have a high degree of contact with the customer. Other results show the predominance of black and dark-skinned individuals in low visibility functions. The distribution of caucasian presentes even greater average and variability than the distribution of non caucasian, a result that meets the theoretical model of consumer discrimination applied here.Item Imigrantes haitianos no mercado de trabalho formal brasileiro(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-07-05) Cardoso, Felipe Pureza; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5484881117429853; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; Meireles, Débora Chaves; Antigo, Mariangela FurlanIn 2010, an earthquake hit Haiti and caused thousands of citizens from that country to migrate to Brazil. Therefore, this dissertation aims to analyze how the insertion of Haitian immigrants in the Brazilian labor market takes place, assuming that they are occupied in the segments in which they have greater comparative advantages in relation to the Brazilians nationals. Thus, we estimate typically Mincerian equations through quantile regressions in addition to an Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition in a sample with Haitians, Brazilians in the same occupations and natives in other jobs from the 2019 Annual List of Social Information (RAIS). It is verified that the average salary of those who are working in occupations considered to be Haitian is lower, which may be an indication of the inferior quality and precariousness of these jobs. Furthermore, evidence is found that the wage determinants act differently for each group, valuing Brazilian workers more. In this context, Haitians act as complements to Brazilians who are in different occupations and as substitutes for those who work in the same positions, but only in the lower income brackets.Item Análise do primeiro emprego e seu efeito sobre a trajetória ocupacional do jovem – 2002 a 2016(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-06-12) Carrijo, Bárbara Christina Pereira da Silva; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5484881117429853; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; Casari, Priscila; Antigo, Mariangela FurlanThis dissertation aims to analyze the occupational insertion of young people in the Brazilian labor market according to gender, considering the hiring for first job. Therefore, the PME database from 2002 to 2016 is used, with information from the Economically Active Population employed in the age group of 16 to 25 years. The models performed consist of a multivariate probability model with the purpose of analysing the occupational insertion of young people, considering four conditions of activity, two of which are employment (first job and not first job) and two no employment (unemployment and inactivity). And two models of traditional probability, in which the first seeks to analyze the propensity of the young person to occupy a job of better socioeconomic quality, in the current period and in the future. The results indicate that individuals in the first job are less likely to occupy a higher quality position. In addition, the first job tends to affect the young person's future employment, limiting access to better jobs and creating barriers to mobility that results in an improvement in socioeconomic status.Item Modelos de regressão bivariada: uma aplicação em equações mincerianas de rendimento(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-02-08) Cunha, Danúbia Rodrigues da; Santos, Helton Saulo Bezerra dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8716845051198548; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5484881117429853; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; Casari, Priscila; Diaz, Mário Ernesto PiscoyaIn this work, bivariate regression models based on the bivariate normal, t and Birnbaum-Saunders distributions are used to analyze labor market data. In special, the objective is to model the dependent variable of the Mincerian earnings equation separately, namely, the variable hourly earnings (which is obtained by dividing gross monthly earnings by hours worked) is modeled in two parts, earnings and hours worked. The bivariate regression models are used to model these two parts in order to try to capture the correlation between them and the different effects, that is, remuneration or premium for labor effort, and the labor supply or the time that the worker offers to the market. In order to accomplish this, data from the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) for the years 2013, 2014 and 2015 are used. The parameters of the models are estimated using the maximum likelihood method. The results show that the bivariate regression model based on the bivariate t distribution has the best fit for the data, and that the presence of correlation between earnings and hours worked indicates that the bivariate model is more adequate than the univariate model.Item Negociações coletivas e indústria 4.0 na EU-15: uma análise de modelos condicionais mistos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-01-24) Dutra, Matheus Henrique de Araújo; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5484881117429853; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; Bichara, Julimar da Silva; Silva Neto, Waldemiro Alcântara daIndustry 4.0, understood as an innovation process based on cyber-physical systems and the "Internet of Things", is raising the interest of the scientific community for its disruptive potential and its economic and world of work impacts. Thereof, this dissertation aims to analyze the relationship between collective agreements and Industry 4.0 companies in 15 countries of the European Union, based on the level at which they occur and the different industrial relations of different groups of countries, using the concept of Varieties of Capitalism as a theoretical basis. Thus, biprobit-type models are estimated to verify the probability that a bussiness company uses or introduces technologies related to Industry 4.0, based on the level at which such negotiations are presented in a set of explanatory variables from a sample of the European Company Survey. Given the possible presence of unobserved endogeneity and heterogeneity problems, the models are estimated using the estimator of Deb and Trivedi (2006b). The results indicate a positive and significant relationship between the presence of collective agreements, especially that occurring at higher levels, and the probability that the company introduces or already uses I.4.0 technologies. It is also found that collective agreements has a non-linear effect on innovation, and this impact is more relevant in companies with a lower tendency to innovate, belonging to liberal market economies.Item Uma análise da variação do efeito preço na função de demanda residencial por água para diferentes níveis de consumo(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-04-16) Gomes, Camila Rocha; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5484881117429853; Silva Neto, Waldemiro Alcântara da; Silva, Adriana Ferreira; Monsueto, Sandro EduardoThis paper aims to estimatea residencial water demand function to the State of Goiás, considering the probable variations of the price effect at the different levels of consumption. The analysis is based on the assumption that users with greater amount consumed are less sensitive to the price variotions. For this purpose, the quantile regression technique is used in a unbalanced panel data of monthly water consumption for each neighborhood served by Saneago. The results show that consumers with a lower volume consumed have a higher price effect than those that demand a larger amount of water, confirmingthe basic hypothesis of the study. Given this variability, it is possible to affirm that only the tarif policy used by Saneago, IBP, does not promote the rational use and is not efficient in the universalization of water supply. Since, by increasing the price, the decrease will occur in those locations that by nature consume less and, usually, for subsistence purposes.Item Diferenças salariais por origem familiar (e cor): uma análise para egressos do ensino superior da UFG(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-03-07) Guimarães, Adriana Moura; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5484881117429853; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; Cardoso, Larissa Barbosa; Ribeiro, Carlos Antônio CostaThis work assesses the impact of family origin on income and wage differentiation by race. As a proxy for family origin, a dummy is used regarding the administrative dependency of the school where the analyzed individuals attended high school. In this context, ex-students from public schools are identified as born in families with unpleasant situations in relation to the others. The sample comprises 10 courses’ graduates from the Federal University of Goiás graduated between 2010 and 2017 and employed in the formal job market. The results show that even controlling factors such as course, institution and contract length, public schools’ students still reach hourly-wages lower than their counterpart. Regarding the issue of color, analyzed here via Oaxaca's decomposition, it is seen that socioeconomic origin is a part significant of the wage differences explained between Blacks and Non-Blacks people.Item Análise das elasticidades de curto e longo prazo da arrecadação de ICMS em Goiás por setor de atividade(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-12-18) Oliveira, Wederson Xavier de; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5484881117429853; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; Teixeira, Anderson Mutter; Ely, Regis AugustoFor the appropriate conducting of fiscal policy is important understand how tax revenue responds to macroeconomic changes, quantifying its sensitivity. Incorrect forecasts about growth of tax revenue can lead to mistakes in the elaboration of the government budget of the following year, compromising fiscal balance. In addition to quantifying this sensitivity in the long run, it’s also of fundamental importance to know how tax revenue develops in face of short-term fluctuations in the level of economic activity, because the correct estimative of revenue, within the financial year, allows matching the expenditure execution to the pace of revenue collection, achieving the budget balance. In this context, this work aims to measure the sensitivity of VAT (Value-Added Tax) revenue in Goiás in face of changes in the level of economic activity. For this goal, short and long-term elasticities of VAT are estimated in response to changes in GDP, using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), OLS with Error Correction Model and OLS with Error Correction allowing asymmetrical responses. These elasticities are also estimated for the largest sectors of economy in terms of VAT. Quarterly series are used in the period between 1st quarter of 2003 and 1st quarter of 2020. Among the main empirical verifications, it’s observed, as desirable, a tax revenue elastic to GDP in the long run, indicating that VAT in Goiás accompanies the growth of the Brazilian economy, with an elasticity of 1.32121. In the short term, VAT revenue is inelastic to GDP, showing some stability during cyclical crises, with growth of around 0.97% for every 1% of GDP growth. It’s also verified that the tax revenue in Goiás presents asymmetrical responses in the short term. When below the long-term equilibrium, the short-term elasticity is 0.753, more inelastic than in the model without asymmetry. On the other hand, when above of the long-term equilibrium, it presents an elastic tax revenue, equal to 1.209016.Item Escolha ocupacional e saída para o desemprego – uma análise de transição de 2002 a 2016(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-02-20) Santos, Roberta Teodoro; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5484881117429853; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; Casari, Priscila; Queiroz, Sabrina Faria deThe objective of this dissertation is to analyze the transition from employment to unemployment in the national labor market. Specifically, the study aims to understand what effect the quality a citizen’s current employment has on the probability of the employee losing their occupation in the future. The model is a Heckprobit, with the objective of understanding how the personal characteristics, socioeconomic, human capital and occupation characteristics can influence the probability of workers in the metropolitan areas of Recife, Belo Horizonte, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Porto Alegre became unemployed. This econometric exercise is carried out by analysing the microdata of the Monthly Employment Survey (PME) from 2002 to 2016, with information from the Economically Active Population of persons aged 18 to 65 years. The results show that workers in more higher categories of employment are less likely to lose their jobs. Moreover, it is observed that the choice of occupational category tends to be more important for women than for men, that is, the effects of inadequate choices today negatively affect the probability of future employment.Item Análise do mismatch na inserção dos egressos do ensino superior no mercado de trabalho(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-05-04) Vieira, Pedro Henrique Mendes Rodrigues; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5484881117429853; Monsueto, Sandro Eduardo; Meireles, Debora Chaves; Simão, Rosycler Cristina SantosThis work aims to analyze the occurrence of mismatch in the national formal labor market through data from a Federal University. In this sense, an attempt is made to find the incidence and probability of graduates have incompatibility between their area of training and occupation and also being considered overeducated, working in occupations with less requirement for years of study. Likewise, it analyzes whether there are differences in the type of absorption in the labor market for graduates from courses considered “elite”, thus testing the hypothesis that graduates from this group are less prone to misfits. The sample comprises graduates from 80 courses at the Federal University of Goiás graduated between 2005 and 2020 and employed in the formal job market. Using a Probit model, the probabilities of the graduates being in one of the mismatch were estimated. The results show that black graduates, from public schools, who work outside Goiânia, work under the CLT regime, are in the public sector, studied applied social sciences and agricultural sciences, were hired before or during the student period and those who attended courses non-elite are more likely to be overeducated. In the mismatch between education and occupation, the greatest probability is found in male graduates, black, coming from private schools, under CLT regime, working in the public sector, graduated in an applied social sciences course, who are in a situation of overeducation, who got a job before or during graduation and who belong to the elite group. With this, it is observed that the hypothesis of lower occurrence of mismatch for individuals coming from elite courses, happens only in the case of overeducation.