Mestrado em Zootecnia (EVZ)
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Navegando Mestrado em Zootecnia (EVZ) por Por Orientador "Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende"
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Item Facilitando a adaptação de bovinos (Bos taurus indicus) para dietas de confinamento de alta proporção de concentrado utilizando Megasphaera elsdenii(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-05-28) Lopes, Ana Laura Araújo; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949776443064259; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; Meschiatti, Murillo Alves Porto; Couto, Victor Rezende MoreiraThis study evaluated the effects of Megasphaera elsdenii administration at the beginning of the feedlot period on performance of Bos taurus indicus bulls. On d 0, 383 Nellore bulls (initial shrunk body weight 384 ± 29.2 kg; initial age = 24 ± 2 mo) were assigned to treatments in a randomized complete block design. Treatments consisted of 1) 14 d adaptation diet and transition to a finishing diet (CONT), 2) CONT plus oral administration of 20 mL of Lactipro-NXT (M. elsdenii) on d 0 of the study (MEG-14), 3) CONT diet, consisting of 6 d of adaptation diet plus oral administration of 20 mL of Lactipro-NXT on d 0 of the study (MEG-6), and 4) No adaptation diet and oral administration of 20 mL of Lactipro-NXT on d 0 of the study (MEG-0). Experimental period lasted 119 d. No treatment effects were observed for any of the performance parameters evaluated herein (P ≥ 0.15). Nonetheless, a treatment × wk interaction was observed for DM, NEm, and NEg intakes (P < 0.0001). For all these parameters, MEG-0 and MEG-6 had a reduced intake vs. MEG- 14 and CONT in the first wk of the study (P ≤ 0.05). For the carcass traits, no effects were observed for HCW (P ≥ 0.24), whereas MEG-6 had a greater REA when compared with MEG-0 and MEG-14 (quadratic effect; P = 0.04) and MEG-administered bulls tended to have a greater BFT vs. CONT (P = 0.08). In summary, M. elsdenii administration at the beginning of the feedlot period did not improve performance, whereas reducing the length of the adaptation period for 6 d improved REA of finishing Bos taurus indicus bulls.Item Efeito do tanino no desempenho e características de carcaça de bovinos não castrados terminados em confinamento(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-03-07) Nascimento, Kaique de Souza; Couto, Victor Rezende Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4329309889502866; Silva, Maurícia Brandão da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9608210292530980; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949776443064259; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; Cabral Filho, Sérgio Lucio Salomon; Restle, JoãoIn order to increase the efficiency of the use of the nutrients supplied to the animals, the use of additives becomes an option because it directly interferes with the ruminal fermentation and consequently can improve the performance of the animals. Antibiotics are the most commonly used additives in feedlots, but over the years the use of antibiotic alternatives has been increasing due to the restriction of some markets to the use of antibiotics in animal production. In this sense, the use of tannins in the nutrition of beef cattle has been gaining strength as an alternative to antibiotics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and carcass traits of steers in the finishing phase, receiving diets with the addition of a commercial product based on tannins or Monensina. A total of 160 Nelore (64) and Angus (96) with mean age of 20 months and initial weight of 342 ± 25 kg were used. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block, being considered as weights and breeds blocks, the experimental unit considered was the pen composed by 8 animals and 5 replicates per treatment, totaling 20 experimental units. The treatments evaluated were: M14 - Diet with 14% of CP and 25 ppm of Monensin; MT14 - Diet with 14% of CP, 25 ppm of Monensin and 0.15%/DM of Tannins; T14 - Diet with 14% of CP and 0.15%/DM of Tannins; MT13 - Diet with 13% of CP, 25 ppmof Monensin and 0.15%/DM of Tannins. The treatments provided the same diet for all animals (90 and 10%, for concentrate and forage, respectively). The experimental period was 105 days with 14 days of adaptation. The treatments MT14 and T14 presented values higher than the others for final weight (P = 0.002), dry matter intake (P <0.001), intake per live weight percentage (P <0.001), total mean gain (P = 0.005) and average daily gain (P = 0.005). Food efficiency (P = 0.157) was similar among all treatments. The parameters of ribeye area (P = 0.332), subcutaneous fat thickness (0.848), gluteus medius fat thickness (P = 0.830) and gluteus medius area (P = 0.141) obtained by ultrasonography showed no difference between the treatments. The final carcass weight (P = 0.075) and carcass ADG (P = 0.076) were higher for the MT14 and T14 treatments compared to the others. Carcass yield did not differ between treatments (P = 0.904). The use of a mixture of condensed and hydrolyzable tannins was shown to be viable in the finishing of beef cattle, presenting feed efficiency and carcass characteristics similar to the monensin additive in diets with 14% and 13% crude protein.Item Substituição da virginiamicina por produtos à base de levedura (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) em dietas de bovinos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-10) Oliveira, Daiana dos Santos de; Couto, Victor Rezende Moureira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4329309889502866; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949776443064259; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; Cabral Filho, Sérgio Lúcio Salomon; Manzano, Ricardo PereiraWith the intensification of production systems, additives such as antibiotics have been widely used in the animals' diet in order to manipulate the rumen environment, avoiding metabolic disorders and improving the digestive efficiency of nutrients. However, some antibiotics have in their composition substances also present in medicines for human use, which can make treatments less effective due to the resistance of certain microorganisms, in addition to the high potential to pollute the environment, and can be banned from the diet provided to animals. In order to replace the use of antibiotics in the diet of cattle, this study used yeast-based products that are considered natural products and have a lower acquisition cost when compared to some antibiotics. The viability of this substitution was evaluated through the digestibility of nutrients and ruminal parameters. Five steers with dairy aptitude were distributed in a 5x5 Latin square. The diets contained roughage: concentrate ratio of 35.5: 64.5, with corn silage being the roughage used, and the concentrate was composed of ground corn, soybean meal, soybean husk, mineral core, calcitic limestone, urea and common salt. . The treatments were: VM: 18mg / kg in the material (MS) of Virginiamycin (VM); CL7: 7g of yeast culture; CL14: 14g of yeast culture; LA7: 7g of autolysed yeast; LA14: 14g of autolyzed yeast. No significant difference was found (P> 0.05) for dry matter consumption with: 8.22; 8.45; 8.33; 8.51 and 8.27 kg consumed; the dry matter digestibility was 61.41%; 53.79%; 57.46%; 54.45% and 55.83%, average ruminal pH of 6.75; 6.76; 6.76; 6.78 and 6.69, for VM; CL7; CL14; LA7 and LA14, respectively. Likewise, no significant difference was found for short-chain fatty acids and ammoniacal nitrogen between treatments, thus suggesting the possibility of replacing Virginiamycin with yeast-based products.