Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde (FM)
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Navegando Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde (FM) por Por Orientador "Ávila, Marcos Pereira"
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Item Estudo comparativo entre a angiografia por OCT e a angiografia aom fluoresceína sódica sa maculopatia isquêmica diabética(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-12-13) Garcia, José Mauricio Botto de Barros; Isaac, David Leonardo Cruvinel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5474072354473614; Ávila, Marcos Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3335187297522447; Ávila, Marcos Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3335187297522447; Abud, Murilo; Diniz, BrunoThe purpose of this study is to compare fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography images of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) with and without diabetic macular ischemia. Regarding our methods, the Wilcoxon signedrank test was used to compare area measurements and P values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Fluorescein angiography and OCT angiography images were independently graded by 2 observers that reached agreement regarding quantitative diabetic macular ischemia according established protocols. The ischemic area was divided into “moderate” and ‘‘large’’ macular ischemia (with diabetic macular ischemia) and ‘‘small’’ (without diabetic macular ischemia) groups. Quantitative analyses of the FAZ were performed using custom software (ImageJ64; National Institute of Health - NIH; http://rsbweb.nih.gov/ij/; public domain). Considering our results, thirty-four eyes from 34 diabetic patients were enrolled. Subjects with diabetic macular ischemia presented a mean area on fluorescein angiography and OCT angiography of 0.68 + 0.53 mm2 and 0.58 + 0.35 mm2, respectively (p = 0.1374). Patients without diabetic macular ischemia presented a mean area on fluorescein angiography and OCT angiography of 0.19 + 0.67 mm2 and 0.20 + 0.79 mm2, respectively (p = 0.9594). The ICC for the FAZ measurements between the 2 observers on fluorescein angiography and OCT angiography was 0.96 and 0.92, respectively. Thereby, OCT angiography may represent a novel technique for the diagnosis of diabetic macular ischemia and could become an alternative to FA for this purpose.Item A avaliação do efeito de antissépticos na superfície ocular e o papel da gentamicina no controle microbiano de córneas doadas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-09-26) Ito, Célia Regina Malveste; Braga, Carla Afonso da Silva Bitencourt; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7673897995590123; Ávila, Marcos Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3335187297522447; Ávila, Marcos Pereira; Barbosa, Mônica Santiago; Beniz Neto, JoséDecontamination of the surface of the donor eyeballs is part of the operational norms that eye banks advocate before preservation, and antisepsis procedures are effective, ensuring greater transplantation safety. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antiseptic effect in reducing the microbiota of the ocular globe of donors of corneas prior to enucleation, with 5% povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate (GC), In the action times of 5, 10 and 15 minutes, as well as the susceptibility profile of the microbiota isolated from gentamicin. Thirty pairs of corneas received antiseptics, with PVP-I in the right eye and GC in the left, and for each time of action 10 pairs of eyeballs were used. Swabs were collected from the ocular surface before application of the solutions, after and at the time of preservation of the corneal tissue, to evaluate the reduction of the microbiota. After identification of the microbiota, an antibiogram test was performed with gentamicin. The data were computed and evaluated by Chi-square or Fisher's exact test, T-test and McNemar test paired, and the statistical significance level was 5% (p <0.05). In the second collection, after antisepsis, there was a reduction of 39,5% in the total of gram positive bacteria (G +), and of 76,5% in the gram negative (G-) bacteria, with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.183), which demonstrated that the bacterial elimination capacity of the antiseptics was similar. It was observed that, in the second collection, both were more effective for G-, with a statistically significant difference (p <0.001), than for G +, with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.494). In the third collection, after the residual effect of the antiseptics, there was a reduction of 99.1% of all the microorganisms. In the antibiogram test, 88% of the isolated microorganisms were sensitive to gentamicin. It was concluded that the use of antiseptics is essential for the effective decontamination of donated corneas prior to preservation. The residual time of the antiseptics increased the decontamination power of PVP-I and GC, being similar in reducing the microbiota of the ocular globe of the donor of corneas. Gentamycin contained in the cornea preservation medium complements the antisepsis of the donated tissues.Item Efeitos da administração tópica da formulação de nanoesfera do malato de sunitinibe na inibição de neovascularização corneana induzida em coelhos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-29) Linhares, Luciana Lavigne; Isaac, David Leonardo Cruvinel; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4731179J1; Ávila, Marcos Pereira; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/busca.do; Ávila, Marcos Pereira de; Rassi, Alan Ricardo; LIma, Francisco Eduardo Lopes deThe aim of this study was to compare the sunitinib loaded nanospheres with its free form, in the inhibition of induced corneal neovascularization, in albino rabbits, identifying the degree of inhibition of this neovascularization by measuring the area of corneal neovascularization. The eyes of eleven animals were divided into two groups. Group A (right eye of each rabbit) - sunitinib loaded nanospheres and Group B (left eye of each rabbit) - sunitinib solution. Both groups were submited to corneal alkaline burn by sodium hydroxide 1 mol/L. 12 hours after the corneal burn procedure, the group A received topical nanospheres loaded with sunitinib 0.5 mg/mL (Axon Medchem BV, Groningen, Holland), and the group B received 0.5 mg/mL of the sunitinib solution (Axon Medchem BV, Groningen, Holland). Treatment was initiated 12 hours after the surgical and was administered topically 2 times a day during 14 days. After 14 days of treatment all the rabbits were submitted to the examination of the anterior segment slit lamp examination and were photographed using the iSight camera of 8 megapixels with pixels of 1.5 μ. After euthanasia, the eyes were enucleated and sent for histopathological analysis. Neovascularization area in the upper cornea was measured in groups A and B. There was no statistically significant difference between the corneal neovascularization area in each group (p = 0.949). No changes were observed in ophthalmological clinical examination compatible with toxicity to the topical use of sunitinib loaded nanospheres and its free form. No histopathologic diferences were observed in both groups. We conclude that both the free form of sunitinib and sunitinib loaded nanospheres show no difference in inhibiting corneal neovascularization.Item Análise da dor em injeções intravítreas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-01-19) Pereira, Carlos Eduardo Gonçalves; Jorge, Eduardo; Ávila, Marcos Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3335187297522447; Ávila, Marcos Pereira; Isaac, David Leonardo Cruvinel; Abud, Murilo Batista; Bianchi, Carla de Souza Nassar; Rassi, Alan RicardoIntravitreal injections became an important treatment for many ophthalmological diseases. Antibiotics, antiangiogenics, steroids, antifungal medications can be delivered directly to the vitreous cavity. As the number of procedures rise worldwide, and some individuals require monthly injections, it is critical to study the pain involving the injections. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and degree of pain during intravitreal injections. We also studied the influence of age, medication injected, disease treated, previous cataract surgery, number of applications, influence of expected pain and needle size. 201 intravitreal injections were realized in 2019, performed by the same surgeon following the same technic in all procedures. The pain was assessed by the numerical pain scale, administered verbally. After statistical analysis we found an incidence of pain of 72,1%, bigger needles had a statistically higher incidence of pain. The intensity of pain was mild, and all the studied variables showed no statistically significant difference.