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Navegando Mestrado em Ciências Ambientais (PRPG) por Por Orientador "Miziara, Fausto"
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Item Adoção de tecnologia na pecuária leiteira e conservação ambiental: estudo de caso em propriedades rurais de Silvânia, Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-12-23) Fernandes, Hayla da Silva; Collevatti, Rosane Garcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9979596352166630; Miziara, Fausto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458; Couto, Victor Rezende Moreira; Silva, Daniela de Melo e; Miziara, FaustoThe necessity to produce food should incorporate environmental protection, knowing that it´s the main responsible for occupation of land and native areas also causes important impacts at the landscape. Produce food to supply a world growing population brings the challenge of increase productivity of properties decreasing the impact per unit of feed produced. Cattle raising is the main responsible for anthropization in Brazilian biomes, and especially dairy activity are very important and present in most of Brazilian proprieties, characterized by a big range of diversity producer profiles, majority by pasture systems and big heterogeneity in the technology employment. The answers to challenges presented, in general way, imply in a standard of technology adoption who can articulate a better productivity and less environmental impact. Thus, this research looked for measure the relationship between the technology standard and environmental impacts in dairy properties at Silvânia, Goiás. Were worked the technology employee on that and conservation rates of vegetation local provided by Long Term Research Program (PELD) to generate the present work. In this research was verified that properties who utilized more technology impacted less the environment, measured by conservation indicators, besides be more productive, diluting the impact per milk litter produced. Therefor there is a strong and positive relationship between adoption of technology and less environmental impact. It is worth mentioning that properties who use artificial insemination also presents more productivity (milk production in relation with total number of animal at the farm) in comparison with farms non users. A bigger efficiency at utilization of productive resources in general way also are associated with less environmental impact.Item Ambientalismo de livre mercado e análise do discurso ambiental: o caso do Brasil Mata Viva(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-03-05) Godinho, Marcos Vinícius Ferreira de Almeida; Miziara, Fausto; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4782255Y8; Miziara, Fausto; Oliveira, Leandro Gonçalves; Ferreira, Denise PaivaCapitalism and the environmental, for many, are seen as extreme opposites. One of the intentions in this work is to discuss how this conflict is developed and to show solutions for it, having the case of Brasil Mata Viva to represent the realized theoretical discussion. However, it is not central to this work to explore the conflict between capitalism and the environment, but to show a reality where both were put together harmonically. This work has two main theoretical focal points: free market environmentalism and environmental discourse analysis. Firstly, an exposé about free market environmentalism and its main concepts was made, paving the way the theory used to study Brasil Mata Viva. Secondly, the environmental discourse analysis is debated, and is shown its categories. Right after, an presentation of Brasil Mata Viva was realized, showing its history, actions and relations with society. Finally, the data obtained is discussed in the light of the methodologies given by the theories of free market capitalism and environmental discourse analysis where markets, relations with institutional public figures, community and the environment are central. The results show a contradictory combination, although successful, rooted by the studied context which challenges the theorized conceptions.Item Dinâmicas demográficas e impactos ambientais nas regiões de fronteiras de ocupação amazônica(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-12-18) Guedes, Franciely Jesus; Miziara, Fausto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458; Miziara, Fausto; Sousa, Cleunice Borges de; Ferreira, Nilson ClementinoThis work seeks to understand how demographic dynamics and changes in land use and land occupation patterns are related to deforestation in the frontier regions of the Deforestation Arc in the Amazon. Analysis include temporal and spatial scale and have been conducted both within the general region and at the level of municipalities. Initially, we used descriptive techniques to characterize the different phases of land use and land occupation frontier. Then, a more detailed analysis is performed to identify the variables that are more related to deforestation in the region through regression models. Among the evaluated variables, the total pasture area is the one that best explains deforestation. Demographic variables are not good predictors but, together with social variables, they work well as indicators of the stage of the frontier. This is because changes in land use patterns have been shown to be more strongly linked to the increase in deforestation than, indeed, to population mobility.Item (Im)possibilidades da prática turística e complexidade ambiental: um estudo de caso em Pirenópolis-GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-07-07) Neves, Marco Aurélio Fernandes; Miziara, Fausto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458; Araújo, Alexandre Martins de; Oliveira, Leandro GonçalvesThis research deals with the intersections between environmental complexity and tourism. Environmental complexity is a theoretical construct of the Mexican environmental sociologist Enrique Leff, who faces the environmental crisis of our time, crisis of rationality, (de) construction of life possibilities. When questioning about the possibility of putting environmental complexity into operation, through other rationalities and knowledges, environmental, this research was undertaken by the theoretical-practical field of tourism, seeking to uncover both its epistemic singularity and its practical complexity. Theoretical elements of tourism studies were raised and an interface between tourism and environmental complexity was forged, in which the theoretical impossibility of both disciplines opened the possibility for the practical possibility of a dialogue of knowledge. Thus, through the empirical study of the economic, environmental and socio-cultural dimensions of tourism in the city of Pirenópolis-Goiás, it was possible to verify the tourism perspective as a propitious locus for the regimentation of elements for the accomplishment of an environmental complexity.Item Sustentabilidade do setor sucroalcooleiro na microrregião de Ceres - GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-12-16) Rodrigues, Dayse Mysmar Tavares; Miziara, Fausto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458; Miziara, Fausto; Echeverria, Agustina R.; Sayago, Doris Aleida Villamizar; Najberg, Estela; Castro, Selma SimõesThis study aims to analyze how a definition of indicators for calculation of sustainability can help understand the process of expansion of the sugarcane sector in frontier regions. The area for was applied to the microregion of the state of Goiás, which has a history marked by the expansion of the Agricultural Frontier. For the development of the research was necessary to identify and select indicators of sustainability aspects: environmental, social, economic and institutional. From the recent expansion of sugarcane in the region were chosen towns that base plants and towns that only observed the expansion of agricultural activity. With the construction of the variables, the data were analyzed by means of the tool Of Sustainability Dashboard - DoS. After applying the indicators and analyzing the results, it was possible to verify indicators demonstrated development profile, the one that is more sustainable, and those that showed negative growth profile, which was considered unsustainable. All in all, institutional and social indices were better in towns having plants, the environmental index was better in towns not having basing or non-basing towns. It is evident that the definition of indicators to measure the sustainability of a process is also an important tool for the understanding of this very same process.Item Saneamento rural: o esgotamento sanitário no Programa Moradia Camponesa(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-10-01) Sacho, Sara Duarte; Hora, Karla Emmanuela Ribeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6451685640638572; Miziara, Fausto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458; Miziara, Fausto; Scalize, Paulo Sergio; Souza, Cleonice Borges deGiven the long way of invisibility of rural areas in public policies on housing and sanitation in the country, this research work is emerge from the central theme on the access of the population benefited with social housing programs to adequate sanitation solutions in rural areas. The debate is developed from the experience with the Programa Moradia Camponesa (PMC), which compose the National Rural Housing Program (PNHR) in the municipalities of Silvânia and Vianópolis in Goiás. The challenges faced during the program in relation to alternatives to sanitary sewage in housing units inspired the first questions of the research: How is sanitation addressed in housing programs of social interest in rural areas? The research was guided by the hypothesis that sanitation solutions are transplanted from urban to rural experiences, leading to inconsistencies with the reality of the traditional rural worker's way of life; the particularities of the construction site and the self-construction of the housing units. Based on the initial hypothesis, two research bases were fundamentally considered: a) the dynamics of the Programa Moradia Camponesa for the implementation of sanitary sewage solutions in housing units; b) the different parts involved in promoting sanitary sewage conditions in social housing of the program and the relationships established between them. It was verified that the incorporation of urban technologies in rural areas happens from the structure, bureaucracy and operationalization of the program, inherited from the experiences with the urban housing programs. The issue of sanitation is treated in a secondary way, from the demand for accountability with the guidelines of public policy. Despite culminating in the same object (the house), public policies on housing of social interest and basic sanitation remain fragmented in programs and initiatives in rural regions.Item Análise da fragilidade ambiental na bacia hidrográfica do Rio das Almas, GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-10-09) Vespucci, Ariel Godinho; Zancopé, Márcio Henrique de Campos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4592570099084884; Miziara, Fausto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458; Miziara, Fasto; Bayer, Maximiliano; Bueno, Guilherme TaitsonThe Das Almas River Basin (BHRA) is one of the main affluent from Serra da Mesa reservoir in northern Goiás, covering Central Goiano Mesoregion and part of Northwest, North and East regions in Goiás. There are 38 municipalities served by important infrastructure roads focused on national macroeconomics (Ferrovia Norte-Sul and BR-153), which are fundamental to the occupation history of this region. With growing process of transforming the Cerrado native vegetation into anthropic uses encouraged by public policies for agricultural and industrial development, the pressure on BHRA's natural resources has increased. This study proposes an analysis of BHRA's Environmental Fragility evolution (ROSS, 1994), which fragility degrees result from the interaction and interdependence of components in natural and socioeconomic systems. So, BHRA's environmental fragility evolution was analyzed by comparing the fragility maps of the years 1985, 1995, 2005 and 2018, produced by the cartographic data intersection of physical environment with those of land use and occupation in the corresponding years. The results indicate that biotic and socioeconomic factors dynamics are responsible for different forms of occupation of this region and the evolution of BHRA's environmental fragility, since the morphopedological characteristics do not change in analysis time scale. Throughout the study period, the remaining vegetation is concentrated in higher altitudes regions, with greater relief dissection, while anthropic use occurs in flatter areas, with better soils and less dissection. Over the years studied, the gains in strong and medium fragility areas followed the losses in Cerrado areas and pastures and agriculture gains in the first two decades. This link between Cerrado areas and environmental fragility in BHRA becomes more evident when, from 2005 to 2018, there is a Cerrado recovery (gain of areas) and areas of weak and very weak fragilities, simultaneously the loss pasture and medium fragility areas, accompanied by a drop in growth in strong and very strong fragility areas. The analysis of environmental fragility and the identification of environmental systems are important subsidies for environmental planning aiming sustainable development of the study area.Item Impactos ambientais da modernização agropecuária em Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-10-31) Villela, Pollyana de Macêdo; Miziara, Fausto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458; Miziara , Fausto; Oliveira, Leandro Gonçalves; Campos, Ricardo Luiz Sapia deThe process of modernisation in Goiás has intensified since the 1970 with the State’s strong intervention and the adoption of a highly technological package spread around the world. With the highly subsidized rural credits, economic incentives and investments in infrastructure and transport, the region began to gain notoriety due to agricultural development. Thus, in the course of agricultural modernization process, realized several environmental impacts related to loss of biodiversity, degradation and contamination of soil, water and air resources. Also socioeconomic impacts were observed, such as the rural exodus, the decrease of the job offer in the country, deepening social inequalities, the uncontrolled growth of cities, the development of the economy and of the municipalities, among others. In this context, the present study seeks to understand what are the environmental and socioeconomic impacts more significantly related to the expansion of the agricultural frontier in Goiás and at what level these impacts can be correlated. Therefore, at first, were selected twelve variables, as well as created two indexes that reflect the environmental impacts by using the factor analysis. The first index was called the Index of Livestock and Soil Degradation Impact. The second, in turn, was set to Index of Agriculture and Land Use Impact. The cities with the highest factorials scores for both indexes were: Nova Crixás, São Miguel do Araguaia, Caiapônia, Mineiros, Jataí and Rio Verde. From these data,it was possible to calculate the simple linear correlation analysis. So, the lack of correlation between the Index of Livestock and Soil Degradation Impact and Modernisation Index, i.e. not identified any linear correlation between these two indices. It appeared, therefore, that the environmental impact occurs regardless of whether the region is well upgraded or not. By correlating the same environmental impact index with the Index of Performance of Municipalities, which reflect the socio-economic dimension, it was noticed that there was a correlation, but with low intensity (r = 0.293). Thus, regions with good municipal performance impacted more the environment. Finally, by correlating the Modernization Index with the Index of Performance, also found a low correlation (r = 0.262). In this way, the counties that received more investments in technology, they developed their agricultural economy and stood out economically were those who showed greater socioeconomicItem Impactos ambientais da modernização agropecuária em Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-10-31) Villela, Pollyana de Macêdo; Miziara, Fausto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458; Miziara, Fausto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458; Oliveira, Leandro Gonçalves; Campos, Ricardo Luiz Sapia deThe process of modernisation in Goiás has intensified since the 1970 with the State’s strong intervention and the adoption of a highly technological package spread around the world. With the highly subsidized rural credits, economic incentives and investments in infrastructure and transport, the region began to gain notoriety due to agricultural development. Thus, in the course of agricultural modernization process, realized several environmental impacts related to loss of biodiversity, degradation and contamination of soil, water and air resources. Also socioeconomic impacts were observed, such as the rural exodus, the decrease of the job offer in the country, deepening social inequalities, the uncontrolled growth of cities, the development of the economy and of the municipalities, among others. In this context, the present study seeks to understand what are the environmental and socioeconomic impacts more significantly related to the expansion of the agricultural frontier in Goiás and at what level these impacts can be correlated. Therefore, at first, were selected twelve variables, as well as created two indexes that reflect the environmental impacts by using the factor analysis. The first index was called the Index of Livestock and Soil Degradation Impact. The second, in turn, was set to Index of Agriculture and Land Use Impact. The cities with the highest factorials scores for both indexes were: Nova Crixás, São Miguel do Araguaia, Caiapônia, Mineiros, Jataí and Rio Verde. From these data,it was possible to calculate the simple linear correlation analysis. So, the lack of correlation between the Index of Livestock and Soil Degradation Impact and Modernisation Index, i.e. not identified any linear correlation between these two indices. It appeared, therefore, that the environmental impact occurs regardless of whether the region is well upgraded or not. By correlating the same environmental impact index with the Index of Performance of Municipalities, which reflect the socio-economic dimension, it was noticed that there was a correlation, but with low intensity (r = 0.293). Thus, regions with good municipal performance impacted more the environment. Finally, by correlating the Modernization Index with the Index of Performance, also found a low correlation (r = 0.262). In this way, the counties that received more investments in technology, they developed their agricultural economy and stood out economically were those who showed greater socioeconomic impacts. In this perspective, it can be verified a trade off relationship, on the one hand, the agricultural Modernization that generates economic growth, income, structural improvements and development does not prevent the generation of possibly irreversible environmental impacts, for the Cerrado biome.Item Disputa pela terra em Moçambique - caso do distrito de Marracuene(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-01-29) Yung, Telma Leo; Salomão, Alda Isabel Anibal; Miziara, Fausto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458; Miziara, Fausto; Hora, Karla Emmanuela Ribeiro; Campos, Ricardo Luiz Sapia deThe research was carried out within the scope of the Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, with the aim of investigating land access and tenure in the Marracuene District, Mozambique. The main focus is to identify the main factors that cause land disputes in the study area, with an emphasis on the point of view of traditional producers. The increase in the demand for land in the district is driven by several factors, such as the geographical proximity to Maputo city, the "Maputo Ring Road", the Bridge over the Incomati River that connects Macaneta and the holding of the "Maputo International Fair - FACIM". In addition, the purpose of housing and investments in sectors such as trade, agriculture and tourism also contribute to the pressure on land. The combination of these factors contributes to an increase in demand for land in the district, generating pressure on land, boosting the economic, social and environmental development of the region. To investigate this, the study adopted mixed research procedure techniques, relying on field observations, questionnaires and interviews. Based on data collected in the field and information provided by the Serviço Distrital de Planeamento e Infra - Estruturas (SDPI), we identified four communities facing disputes over land, involving different actors, being: (1) Marracuene Vista Company, Traditional Leaders and the neighborhood Mapulango; (2) Community of Eduardo Mondlane I and Regulus Magaia; (3) Guava Peasant Association and the Korean Mission; (4) Community of the neighborhood of Zintava and Sr. Milton Torre de Vale and Fundo para o Fomento e Habitação (F.F.H). To resolve these disputes, the parties involved are invited to participate in conciliation processes, mediated by the Land Chiefs, with the assistance of the Regulus. In some cases, the block chief and Neighborhood Secretary may also be involved, depending on the nature of the conflict or dispute. In situations considered difficult to resolve, cases related to land disputes in Marracuene can be referred to higher instances, such as the 2nd and 1st levels, including at the locality level, the Administrative Post and, finally, the District Administration. The Dispute Resolution Committee, present at the SDPI (Serviço Distrital de Planeamento e Infra- Estruturas), also plays an important role in the mediation and arbitration process. These higher authorities are called upon to seek more comprehensive and complex solutions, in order to achieve a fair and adequate resolution to land disputes or conflicts. The district of Marracuene is going through a period of expansion marked by the transition from an agrarian base to latent urban growth, dissociated from the industrialization process. This transition highlights urbanization associated with commercialization, reflected in the increase in land prices and the boost in the tourism sector. However, this process has been accompanied by the destruction of agrarian and peasant life, resulting in a totalizing social dynamic of urban society and the perception among interviewees reveals concerns about the loss of agricultural land, resettlement without adequate compensation and corruption in the bodies of dispute resolution. With all this, these interests often trigger territorial disputes and environmental degradation. The necessary approach must reconcile socioeconomic development with environmental preservation and social justice, requiring the effective implementation of public policies and the protection of the rights of local communities to ensure fair and sustainable land management.