Mestrado em Agronomia (EA)
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Navegando Mestrado em Agronomia (EA) por Por Orientador "Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes"
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Item Atributos químicos do solo de várzea tropical cultivado com arroz irrigado em razão do manejo do nitrogênio(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-07-29) Gonçalves, Gustavo de Melo Oliveira; Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7324619074753727; Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes; Silva, Mellissa Ananias Soler da; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; Santos, Alberto Baêta dosIn the last years, due to the government effort, especially in the Tocantins State, there have been significante increase on flooded rice production areas. However, there are few studies about nitrogen sources and doses in that region, which could improve the nitrogen efficiency use and provide higher incomes for farmers. This study aimed to determine the effects of different sources and doses of nitrogen in flooded lowland soils in the pH, redox potential and the concentration of ions in the soil solution in order to obtain the economicallyand environmentally best mineral nitrogen source and dose. The samples were collected in the 2014/2015 season at the Embrapa Rice and Beans Experimental Field - Palmital Farm-, in a Dystric Gleysol. The design was a complete randomized blocks, with four replications, two sources of nitrogen (common urea and slow release urea), three nitrogen rates (30, 70, 150 kg ha-1), and a control, without any N application.Soil solution samples were collected weekly, during the flooded period in rice cultivation, BRS Catiana genotype. The pH analysis and Eh (redoxpotential) were immediately read, just after the soil solution sampling, in the field, and thenHCl (2M) acidified,, and immediately frozen for later analysis of the following ions: Ca, Mg, K, Fe, Zn, Mn, MOS, NO3- and NH4+. The sources used did not affect the release of nutrients dynamics to the soil solution. The anaerobic condition caused changes in the Eh and ions solubility in the soil solution. The doses applied changed Ca and MOS concentrations in solution, and the dose of 150 kg ha-1 N showed the highest values for both.Item Substância húmica e fontes de fósforo em latossolo vermelho e neossolo quartzarênico(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-03-31) Lôbo, Lucas Morais; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9052207260053937; Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7324619074753727; Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; Borges, Lino Carlos; Corcioli, GraciellaProcesses of phosphorus adsorption in soil diminish the availability of this nutrient to plants. Humic and fulvic acids present in humic substances (SH) can block the phosphorus adsorption sites in the soil. Thus, this study aimed to verify the effect of adding doses of a SH, availability of P in two types of soils with different adsorption capacities. The treatments consist of four levels of SH (0, 100, 200 and 400 kg.ha-1), two phosphorus sources (Triple superphosphate – SFT and Natural Reactive phosphate – FNR), and three assessment time (7, 14 and 28 days) in two soil types (Red Latosol – LV and Quartzipsamment – NQ). The application of SH altered the availability of P in different soils. Statistical analysis of the data showed a significant difference (P<0,05) for all factors. In LV the P availability increased for both sources, with increasing SH dose up to 14 days. At 28 days the P-available decreases, with no significant difference between doses, but remains superior to treatment without addition of SH. In the NQ the P-available decreases from the addition of the doses of 200 and 400 kg ha-1 of SH up to 14 days of incubation. After 28 days with the degradation of SH values of P-available for these doses begin to increase. These results indicate that the use of SH is effective in increasing the availability of phosphorus in different soils.Item Fertilizantes organomineral e mineral: aspectos fitotécnicos na cultura do tomate industrial(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-03-31) Rabelo, Kassia Cristina de Caldas; Machado, Roriz Luciano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560467728818263; Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7324619074753727; Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; Borges, Lino CarlosIn recent years there was an increase in the diversification of vegetable crops, especially for cultivation in greenhouses and organic fertilizers. The tomato sets one of the most vegetables produced in the world, and its use is justified because it is a food that has great use in industrial and semi-processed products. The use of waste poultry as a source of organic matter into fertilizer, prevents it from becoming a pollutant if handled improperly. To join the inorganic formulas are in organomineral fertilizers, which increase the efficiency of mineral fertilizers, providing reduced spending on fertilizers and promoting the improvement in soil quality. The use of organomineral fertilizer is one of the strategies that provide greater crop yield and better quality. In this context, the aim of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of this granulated organomineral fertilizer enriched with monoammonium phosphate (MAP) in the processing tomato crop. When using the organomineral fertilizer compared to mineral fertilizer, there was a fresh mass increase of fruit, number of fruits per plant and yield. When analyzing the chlorophyll content the growing season proved to be the most appropriate to evaluate your changes in tomato leaves. But at conditions studied, the organomineral fertilizer presented agronomic performance similar to mineral fertilizer. In economic terms is justified the use of this fertilizer for having a lower cost than mineral fertilizers.Item Isolados de rizóbios capturados por genótipos silvestres de feijoeiro: obtenção, morfologia e uso de fontes de carbono(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-02-28) Sampaio, Fernanda Bueno; Ferreira, Enderson Petrônio de Brito; Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7324619074753727; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; Ferreira, Luciana Domingues Bittencourt; Brasil, Eliana Paula FernandesThe bean is a legume widespread throughout the country and an important source of protein in human food. Inoculation of legumes with rhizobia able to perform biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), has been widely discussed, based on studies indicating its feasibility for use in agriculture, since the BNF decreases partly environmental liabilities generated by high consumption of nitrogen fertilizer. The use of wild bean genotypes seeks greater diversity of rhizobia for isolation and study of the ability of BNF, which may result in greater specificity for symbiotic bean crop. The objective was to obtain and characterize the morphology and on the use of carbon sources captured populations of rhizobia in wild bean genotypes, soil from the states of Goiás, Minas Gerais and Paraná. Soil samples were collected from six areas in the depth of 0-20 cm for conducting chemical and physical analyzes and an test was conducted in a greenhouse in pots of 3 liters sterilized with 11 wild bean genotypes to obtain the isolates. Were obtained 523 isolates of rhizobia and selected 231 isolates, 76 of Goiás, Minas Gerais 99, and 56 of Paraná. A total of seven species of bacteria as reference strains, three of the genus Rhizobium tropici (SEMIA 4077, SEMIA 4080 and SEMIA 4088), three of the genus Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli (BR266, BR351 and BR281) and one of the genus Rhizobium multihospitium (R82), for comparison with the data obtained. The isolates were characterized morphologically and on the use of carbon sources. From the information similarity matrices were generated using Jaccard coefficient being generated for the states of Goiás, Minas Gerais and Paraná, similarity dendrograms by UPGMA clustering method, using the software NTSYS-pc, version 1.8. The 523 isolates were obtained from nodules of wild bean genotypes with the predominance of isolates that acidify the culture medium and fast growth, and the solos from Araucária and Prudentópolis produce greater amount of mucus that of Jussara, Nova Veneza, Uberlândia and Unaí. The rhizobia isolates obtained from soils of Goiás and Minas Gerais exhibit greater phenotypic diversity than those from soils of Paraná. Usage analysis of carbon sources revealed that rhizobia isolates obtained from soils of Goiás have higher metabolic diversity. Overall, the largest number of isolates grouped with the reference strains, especially with the inoculant strains used as the common bean (SEMIA 4080, SEMIA SEMIA 4088 and SEMIA 4077), indicating that these isolates have metabolic characteristics similar to these strains.Item Atributos químicos e biológicos do solo em áreas sob diferentes sistemas de manejo no estado de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-04-17) Silva, Larissa Gabriela Marinho da; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9052207260053937; Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7324619074753727; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; Calil, Francine Neves; Teixeira, Welldy GonçalvesAgroforestry systems have been one of the most promising options for the production of African mahogany, as they reconcile the planting of forest species with agricultural crops and / or animal husbandry, providing environmental, social and economic benefits. The objectives of this research was to evaluate the dynamics of the chemical and biological attributes of the soil in agroforestry systems with African mahogany, in comparison with soil under conditions of native vegetation in the municipality of Nazário - GO. The treatments were composed of three soil management systems: S1: African mahogany in monoculture since 2013; S2: African mahogany in an agroforestry system implanted since 2015, grown with cocktails of different species; S3: African mahogany in an agroforestry system implemented since 2013, grown with cocktails of different species. For the control treatment, the soil in the forest with native vegetation of the Cerrado (Mata) was evaluated. The chemical and biological attributes of the soils were analyzed in a randomized block design, with six replications. The results obtained indicate that the different management systems influenced the chemical attributes of the soil. The monoculture of African mahogany provided the largest accumulation of organic matter in the soil when compared to agroforestry systems and native vegetation, demonstrating its potential for the cultivation of this forest species. There were distinct changes in the biological attributes of the soil by each management system. The management systems with African mahogany in an agroforestry system implemented in 2015 (S2) and in 2013 (S3) had the highest carbon content of microbial biomass and basal soil respiration, respectively. The native forest had the highest nitrogen content in the microbial biomass. And African mahogany in a monoculture system had the highest total carbon content.