INF - Instituto de Informática

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Airetama Um Arcabouço Baseado em Sistemas Multiagentes para a Implantação de Comunidades Virtuais de Prática na Web
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-10-04) ALARCÓN, Jair Abú Bechir Láscar; CARVALHO, Cedric Luiz de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4090131106212286
The objective of this dissertation is to present the framework Airetama. This framework is based on Multiagent Systems and Semantic Web principles. It provides a semantic, distributed and open-source infrastructure for the creation of Virtual Communities of Practice on the Web. It makes possible, through the use of agents, coupling of resources and tools that use semantic technologies. Integration of semantic in the current Web has as main objective to allow such software agents can use their pages more intelligently, thus offering better service.
Estudo e Definição de uma Metodologia de Teste de Software no Contexto de Sistemas Embarcados Críticos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-07-28) BARBOSA, Jacson Rodrigues; VINCENZI, Auri Marcelo Rizzo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0611351138131709
Computing is becoming increasingly critical in the embedded applications space and depending on the software, its malfunction may result in a severe financial loss to the loss of human life. Considering this scenario, we presented a systematic literature review in order to investigate the evolution of work-related activity test critical embedded software in order to evaluate the level of compliance found in the work to the standard DO- 178B (Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment Certification). This research, in addition to conducting a systematic review of publications about this issue, has resulted in the composition of primary studies to define a process of quality testing and including the requirements of DO-178B at their different levels of criticality.
Arquitetura e implementação de mecanismos para suporte a regras de negócio em sistemas de informação
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-04-12) BOFF, Glauber; OLIVEIRA, Juliano Lopes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8890030829542444
The development of Information Systems (IS) should be performed so that changes in the client s business, which may be common, may be reflected in the system, without reducing its consistency and reliability. To achieve these features, portability and maintainability, which are challenges for Software Engineering, are very important. There are two essential requirements which, when present in the development process, make it easier to deal with the system complexity. The first requirement states that it should be possible to describe the IS business rules (BR) using a high level language, generating a single, implementation independent model. The second requirement demands that it should be possible to generate software source code from the abstract BR model, and to integrate this code to the IS. This work presents an approach to meet these requirements. This approach covers the specification, modeling, implementation and evaluation of business rules in software to facilitate the development and maintenance of complex IS. Instead of hard-coding the BR into the applications, this approach adopts OCL as a platform independent high-level language to define a single BR model for the IS. To store the rules safely throughout the IS life cycle, a centralized repository in the database was developed, which enables control over all BR versions. During implementation, rules in OCL are automatically converted to SQL and stored in the database as stored procedures for further evaluation by a specific component of the application. This approach facilitates the maintenance of the IS by the centralized and high-level description of all BR. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach, an empirical validation was performed in the context of a research project funded by CNPq, which aims to optimize the production of beef cattle.
Um estudo comparativo entre abordagens supervisionadas para a resolução de referências a autores
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-08-25) CANUTO, Sérgio Daniel Carvalho; ROSA, Thierson Couto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4414718560764818
In this work we investigate two classes of solutions for the problem of author name disambiguation.We refer to the approach of the first class as relational based on attributes (RBA) solutions. These approaches use similarity measures based on attributes of the two references being compared or based on the attributes of other references connected to them by authorship. The other class of approaches uses information on semantic relationships among entities in addition to attribute based similarity measures to decide if two references refer to the same author. We refer to the approaches of this class as relational based on entities (RBE) solutions. We present a supervised version of the RBE based on the work introduced by Bhattacharya and Gettor [7]. In the experiments we conducted our RBE solution presented statistically significant gains in efficacy over all the other methods studied. However, the gains are only marginal over the RBA methods experimented. On the other hand, the execution time of both training and testing phases of the RBE methods are notably greater than those of the RBA methods. As far as we know there is no other similar study reported in literature and we consider the results reported here are relevant because they inspire research about enhancing RBA solutions.
Condução de Experimentos Computacionais com Métodos Heurísticos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-03-30) COSTA, Carine Rodrigues da; LONGO, Humberto José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0188685041571480
The necessity of solving optimization problems in a reasonable computational time limit makes the development of heuristics be a large research area. Usually, developed heuristics for optimization problems are empirically evaluated by its application to a set of specific instances, comparing to quality solution and computational efforts. Besides, when presenting a new heuristic, the contributions should be scientifically evaluated and reported in an objective way. The quality of a computational experiment report may become evident the difficulty to reproduce the experiment or compare the results with those of other experiments. Part of the origin of these issues comes from the fact that there is no standard for reporting experiments in Computer Science. Therefore, the focus of this work is to investigate methods of conducting experimental research with heuristics, to examine what methods are more favorable and consistent in evaluating these. Thus, the investigation resulted in a compilation with contribution of several authors, which consisted in identifying a set of recommendations, including the formulation of a checklist representing the summary form of all the items that were seen in this study. The results of this review served as the basis for definitining the research and leading a sample study, which consisted in analysis of articles that deal with the Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP), by checking the necessary items for understanding, reproduction and comparison of the performed experiments.
Uma abordagem baseada em modelos para construção automática de interfaces de usuário para Sistemas de Informação
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-06-15) COSTA, Sofia Larissa da; OLIVEIRA, Juliano Lopes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8890030829542444
Building user interfaces for Information Systems (IS) involves modeling and coding appearance (presentation) and behavioral (interaction) aspects. This work presents a modelbased approach to building these interfaces using tools for automatic transformation of models and for interface code generation. The proposed approach applies the concept of Interface Stereotype, introduced in this work, which identifies, in a high level of abstraction, features of user interface (UI) appearance and behavior, independently of the underlying IS application. A taxonomy of interface elements is proposed as the basis for stereotype definition, along with a interface behavior specification mechanism, which allows expressing actions and restrictions on the stereotypes by precise, objective and independently from the interface implementation platform. It is also proposed a architecture for a software component which manages model-based user interfaces building. The architecture defines how this component can be integrated in IS development process. The approach for model-based user interface development proposed in this work brings benefits in effort and cost construction terms, facilitating the maintenance and the evolution of user interface of IS. Futhermore, the use of stereotypes promotes consistency and standardization of both presentation and behavior of interfaces, improving usability of IS.
Cultura organizacional como apoio à institucionalização de processos de software
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-04-09) FERNANDES, Patrícia Gomes; OLIVEIRA, Juliano Lopes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8890030829542444
Many organizations are applying efforts to improve their software processes, in face of the premisse that states that the quality of the processes used to develop and maintain software has a major influence over the products generated. These efforts are typicaly in the form of software process improvement (SPI) initiatives, with the general objetive defining and/or improving software processes, as well as institutionalizing them. Nevertheless, once it involves changes in the way of work of organizations, SPI provokes changes in organizational culture, and is impacted by this culture. This is reflected in SPI literature, that presents organizational culture as a critical success factor in SPI implementation. The focus of this research is the investigation of the correlation between organizational culture and the effectiveness of SPI initiatives. In order to do this, two fundamental questions were considered: (a) how the culture of an organization can influence the degree of institutionalization of a defined/improved software process, and (b) what can be done to increase the degree of institutionalization of a defined/improved software process, once this institutionalization involves a cultural change. To accomplish this, a case study was conducted in two software organizations (where only one of them institutionalized its software process) with the purpose of analysing how their cultural profiles may have influenced in these different outcomes. It was also conducted a search to identify recommendations for cultural change in Organizational Culture literature. The application of these recommendations was evaluated in a comparative way in both organizations. Additionaly, a survey with SPI implementors was also made, in order to identify the degree of application of these recommendations in the organizations they have worked. With this research, cultural elements that may have relations whit software process institutionalization were identified, as well as recommendations that can derive actions to modify the elements that are considered resistance factor to the adoption of software processes defined/improved in SPI initiatives.
Sinfonia: Uma abordagem colaborativa e flexível para modelagem e execução de processos de négocios
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-02-10) LOJA, Luiz Fernando Batista; OLIVEIRA, Juliano Lopes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8890030829542444
To offer products and services, organizations need to execute business processes. The effectiveness of these processes is critical to the success of any organization. For this reason, there have been major efforts to develop techniques and tools aimed at the improvement of business processes. One of the results of these efforts are the BPMS ( textit Business Process Management Systems), software that help to define, analyze, and manage business processes. Although there are many BPMS available, current systems only provide support for running a limited set of processes. Notably, BPMS do not allow the execution of flexible processes, restricting its operations to defined processes. In addition, they do not provide a collaborative environment for process modeling. This paper presents a software architecture for management of business processes that overcomes these limitations of current BPMS. The architecture was used to implement a software tool called Sinfonia which includes a metamodel for business processes, a process execution engine and a graphical process modeler. The innovative aspects of the proposals of this work include features such as support for defining and implementing flexible processes, such as empirical and textit adhoc processes, and support for modeling collaborative processes. Sinfonia has enough expressive power to define and implement key business process standards described in the literature. The ability of this tool to express flexible processes and to promote collaboration in the modeling of business processes were evaluated in an experiment involving fourteen participants. The results of this experiment provide evidence that Sinfonia contributes to the evolution of BPMS.
Desenvolvimento de um Sistema de Auxílio ao Diagnóstico de Pneumonia na Infância Utilizando Visão Computacional
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-03-22) MACEDO, Sanderson Oliveira de; OLIVEIRA, Leandro Luís Galdino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5899392002875573
This work aims to develop a system to aid in the diagnosis of pneumonia by computer, termed pneumocad, which aims to identify chest radiographies compatible with the disease. Techniques were used for the recognition of patterns in textures through the decomposition of the wavelet transforms of the features extracted from the decomposition and classification applied to radiography. We analyzed 166 images in digital radiography "gold standard", previously confirmed by two radiologists trained according to WHO guidelines as Pneumonia Present (PP = 83) and Pneumonia Absent (PA = 83). In both methods were investigated which feature best applies to the recognition of patterns and textures in which the best performance of the classifier K-NN method. The procedure began with the application of the Haar Wavelet Transform and the extraction of characteristics of each radiograph 17 that were stored descriptors. The methodology I tested the increase in classification accuracy, balanced with increasing the amount of radiographies of each class. The methodology II tested the ability of K-NN to generate ratings at acceptable levels with the unbalance of the random number of images between the two classes. There was obtained an average of accuracy of 91.75% with emphasis on the difference of characteristic variance performance and the K-NN was more effective when the number of nearest neighbors is K=9. The results are considered promising because the pneumocad can be a useful tool in the diagnosis of childhood pneumonia, combining the knowledge manmachine and providing conditions for the interpretation of chest radiographs in the "gold standard", according to WHO specifications. In addition, the software can be a new technology in health, to provide health managers and policymakers a tool for epidemiological monitoring and control of pneumonia in real time, producing benefits for organizations and decisions related health services.
O Problema do agendamento semanal de aulas
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-16) MARTINS, Jean Paulo; LONGO, Humberto José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0188685041571480
The Course Scheduling is a hard resolution problem, found in most of the learning institutions. Just like the others timetabling problems, the Course Scheduling have a strong associative characteristic, that means that its resolution is made of associations between events and resources. In the educational case, the lectures are events, while the teachers workload are resources. Techniques and methods have being used on the solution of these kind of problems, however is small the number of universities using software based solutions. This work is a starting point to software based solutions applied to the Federal University of Goiás.
Uma Metodologia para a Construção Semiautomatizada de Ontologias a partir de Documentos Textuais
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-09-01) MATOS, Hellen Carmo de Oliveira; COSTA, Fábio Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0925150626762308; CARVALHO, Cedric Luiz de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4090131106212286
Information organization became a fundamental process in face of the exponential increasing of available information, motivated by technology advances, Internet in particular. It demands effective approaches of information filtering and searching, like the information retrieval systems. Such systems depend on the document s semantic representation, which can be implemented through conceptual and semantic relationship representation instruments, as ontologies. The ontology construction is a complex and time-consuming process. It s difficult to know whether a given ontology is wide enough to represent the documents semantic information. Up to date ontologies are developed according to Ontology Engineering standards and methods, although there is no any universal solution. This work presents a methodology for semi-automatic construction of ontologies. It also demonstrates an ontology construction for grid computing domain, aiming to validate the proposal. Such domain is strongly associated to resources sharing to solve problems on dynamic and heterogeneous environment. The allocation of these resources is an essential task in the grid and depends on the quality of available information. The constructed ontology aims to provide a description of the resources available in a computational grid to help on the qualification of information contained in this environment. This will allow the semantic discovery of grid resources to run applications on an efficient way
Modelagem e Especificação de um Middleware para Redes de Sensores Sem Fio Aplicado à Saúde
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-08-29) NAMBA, Massahide de Oliveira; SENE JUNIOR, Iwens Gervasio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3693296350551971; OLIVEIRA, Leandro Luís Galdino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5899392002875573
Solutions in healthcare are focused on diagnostics, productivity and personal care in this way, theWireless Sensor Networks WSN allow health professionals to monitor people more efficiently. To make integration between WSN and the applications and interfaces that health professionals use more effective its needed a software component that facilitates and mitigates the problems of developing these applications, this component is called middleware. From the perspective of software development, this middleware mainly offers the advantage of focusing the work on the requirements of the software, making the programmer not to worry about the characteristics of hardware and interconnection of devices in the WSN. In the way to facilitate the use of applications in healthcare, this middleware offers some features that are introduced to simplify and ensure the transmission of information in addition to providing reliable use of them. In this work we propose a middleware named Kratos that allows portability and concurrent execution of applications by standardized interfaces to mobile devices, allowing their use in sensor networks applied to health in a transparent way. To evaluate the use of Kratos and its functionality was proposed an application scenario for monitoring electrocardiographic signals (ECG), which will conduct the monitoring and sending alerts to mobile devices from a medical staff. The implementation of the ECG sensor and all the modeling of middleware is in compliance with the IEEE 1451 family of standards.
Utilização de Mapas Mentais para Registro de Requisitos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-09-16) NISHI, Luciana; LUCENA, Fábio Nogueira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6428011745982173
This work uses mind maps to describe requirements and investigates this not well known application through an experiment. The experiment was based on desirable features sought by requirements engineers in notations and functions offered by tools. Both provided input to small changes in mind maps before a real specification was produced for the experiment. The results show that mind maps should be considered seriously as an alternative notation to describe software requirements
Uso de um Modelo de Interceptadores para Prover Adaptação Dinâmica no InteGrade
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-04-25) OLIVEIRA NETO, Jesus José de; COSTA, Fábio Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0925150626762308
Computer grids are sets of computational resources that provide diverse types of services, such as storage and processing, on behalf of applications spread across different administrative domains. Many companies and academic institutions have demonstrated interest in their use for the execution of applications that demand huge amounts of computation power and storage. However, computer grids are complex and diversified execution environments, which exhibit high variation of resource availability, node instability and variations on load distribution, among other problems. This work presents a model of dynamic interceptors and its use in InteGrade, an opportunistic grid middleware. The use of interceptors aims to provide dynamic adaptation in InteGrade through its communication middleware, thus contributing to make InteGrade able to deal with the highly variable execution environment of computer grids without requiring changes to its implementation. Therefore, this work aims to offer dynamic adaptation capabilities to InteGrade and not to grid applications. Nevertheless, these applications will be able to benefit from adaptation provided by InteGrade
DSI-RTree - Um Índice R-Tree Distribuído Escalável
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-12-15) OLIVEIRA, Thiago Borges de; RODRIGUES, Vagner José do Sacramento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4148896613580056
The demand for spatial data processing systems that support the creation of massive applications has steadily grown in the increasingly ubiquitous computing world. These demands aims to explore the large amount of existing data to assist people s daily lives and provide new tools for business and government. Most of the current solutions to process spatial data do not meet the scalability needed, and thus new solutions that efficiently use distributed computing resources are needed. This work presents a distributed and scalable system called DSI-RTree, which implements a distributed index to process spatial data in a cluster of computers. We also have done a review of details related to the construction of the distributed spatial index, by addressing issues such as the size of data partitions, how that partitions are distributed and the impact of these definitions in the message flow on the cluster. An equation to calculate the size of the partitions based on the size of data sets is proposed, to ensure efficiently query processing on the proposed architecture. We have done some experiments running window queries in spatial data sets of 33,000 and 158,000 polygons and the results showed a scalability greater than linear.
Uso de rotas elementares no CVRP
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-23) PECIN, Diego Galindo; LONGO, Humberto José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0188685041571480
This dissertation addresses the optimization of the Elementary Shortest Path Problem with a Capacity Constraint (ESPPCC) and describes algorithms for its resolution that make use of concepts such as Label-Setting, Bidirectional Dynamic Programming and Decremental State Space Relaxation. These algorithms were used in a robust CVRP s Branch-and- Cut-and-Price framework as the column generation mechanism. The resulting BCP was used to obtain results (lower bounds, processing time and the number of branching nodes generated) to several CVRP s test instances. These results are compared with previous ones obtained with the original BCP, which is based on k-cycle elimination. Elementary routes are also explored in a route enumeration context, which allows the enumeration of all possible relevant elementary routes, i.e., all routes that have a chance of being part of an optimal CVRP s solution. If the number of relevant routes is not too large (say, in the range of tenths of thousands), the overall problem may be solved by feeding a general MIP solver with a set-partition formulation containing only those routes. If this set-partition can be solved, the optimal solution will be found and no branch will be necessary. Sometimes this leads to very significant speedups when compared to traditional branch strategies.
Uma Plataforma de Middleware reflexivo com suporte para auto-adaptação
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-04-06) PROVENSI, Lucas Luiz; RODRIGUES, Vagner José do Sacramento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4148896613580056; COSTA, Fábio Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0925150626762308
The distributed computing environment today is characterized by increasing diversity, the dynamism and increasingly complex applications. Applications for this type of environment they need autonomy to conduct management activities such as installation, configuration and maintenance, with the aim of decreasing the cost and effort involved in such activities. In mobile environments, for example, applications need to adapt due to changes in the environment (available bandwidth, signal level, etc..), Which can affect the quality of service offered to users. This paper presents a proposal for self-adaptation based on the architecture of Meta-ORB reflective middleware. The fluffy main purpose is to provide support to self-adaptation for applications that have requirements of service quality. In this paper, the concept of adaptation policies was introduced in the meta-model middleware, allowing the developer to define both the model of adaptive behavior as their applications using the same modeling language. This unified model is available at run time, being used by a mechanism of self-adaptation to the embedded middleware. The proposed architecture was implemented in a prototype called MetaORB.NET, employed in a case study to evaluate the use of architecture in the development of self-adaptive applications
ConBus: Uma Plataforma de Middleware de Integração de Sensores para o Desenvolvimento de Aplicações Móveis Sensíveis ao Contexto
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-04-26) SÁ, Marcio Pereira de; ROCHA, Ricardo Couto Antunes da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4808440233209979; RODRIGUES, Vagner José do Sacramento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4148896613580056
In spite of the great evolution and dissemination of mobile devices and embedded sensors, development of ubiquitous applications is still a complex task mainly due to the great diversity of context information and the abundance of sensor technologies. In this scenario, middleware systems are responsible mediating communication between contextaware applications and sensors. This responsibility envolves many services such as sensor communication protocols, asynchronous communication, context information reasoning. In spite of their importance for mobile context-aware applications, the development of middleware platforms for context provisioning is also a very complex task, specially in terms of sensor module integration to these platforms. This happens due to many factors, such as: i) huge complexity to develop sensor modules; ii) dificulties of reuse of sensor modules; and iii) sensor module life cycle management. This work proposes a context provisioning middleware architecture for mobile devices named ConBus (Context Bus) that implements development, reuse, deployment and dynamic activation strategies for sensor modules.
Variações do método kNN e suas aplicações na classificação automática de textos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-10-10) SANTOS, Fernando Chagas; ROSA, Thierson Couto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4414718560764818; CARVALHO, Cedric Luiz de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4090131106212286
Most research on Automatic Text Categorization (ATC) seeks to improve the classifier performance (effective or efficient) responsible for automatically classifying a document d not yet rated. The k nearest neighbors (kNN) is simpler and it s one of automatic classification methods more effective as proposed. In this paper we proposed two kNN variations, Inverse kNN (kINN) and Symmetric kNN (kSNN) with the aim of improving the effectiveness of ACT. The kNN, kINN and kSNN methods were applied in Reuters, 20ng and Ohsumed collections and the results showed that kINN and kSNN methods were more effective than kNN method in Reuters and Ohsumed collections. kINN and kSNN methods were as effective as kNN method in 20NG collection. In addition, the performance achieved by kNN method is more stable than kINN and kSNN methods when the value k change. A parallel study was conducted to generate new features in documents from the similarity matrices resulting from the selection criteria for the best results obtained in kNN, kINN and kSNN methods. The SVM (considered a state of the art method) was applied in Reuters, 20NG and Ohsumed collections - before and after applying this approach to generate features in these documents and the results showed statistically significant gains for the original collection.
BOOKISH: Uma ferramenta para contextualização de documentos utilizando mineração de textos e expansão de consulta
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-08-14) SILVA, Luciana Oliveira e; AMBRÓSIO, Ana Paula Laboissière; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0900834483461062
The continuous development of technology and its dissemination in all domains have caused significant changes in society and in education. The new global society demands new skills and provides an opportunity to introduce new technologies into the educational process, improving traditional education systems. The focus should be on the search for information, significant research, and on the development of projects, rather than on the pure transmission of content. When delivering a lecture about a given content, teachers often provide additional sources that will help students deepen their understanding of the subject and carry out activities. Furthermore, it is desirable to have proactive students, capable of interpreting and identifying other sources of information that complement and expand the subject being studied. However, one of the challenges today is information overload - there are many documents available and few effective ways to treat them. Every day, large numbers of documents are stored and made available. These documents contain a lot of relevant information. However finding that knowledge is a difficult task. The BOOKISH system, proposed in this work, assists students in their search activity. Analyzing PowerPoint slide presentations, the tool identifies contextually similar electronic documents, minimizing the time spent in searching for additional relevant material and directing the student to the content he needs. The tool presented in this document uses text mining techniques and automatic query expansion.

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