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Item A procura do eco na atividade turística em Terra Ronca (GO)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-07-27) Aguiar Júnior, Paulo Roberto Ferreira de; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4172719252263913; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Moreira, Jorgeanny de Fátima Rodrigues; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; Castilho, Denis; Carvalho, Giselia LimaThe thesis aimed to investigate the lack of ecotourism activity in the Terra Ronca Integral Protection Conservation Unit (GO), which has the largest cave system in South America, and to understand why the activity does not meet the elements that would qualify the tourism activity carried out in its space as ecotourism. The methodology used included a case study in the conservation unit, literature review, data collection on websites such as the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), technical visits, and questionnaires applied to people directly involved in the tourist activity in the Park. Geography is essential for the study of ecotourism in conservation units, especially when using systemic thinking to understand the relationships between the environment and society. The systemic approach considers the interdependence of the elements and processes that constitute a system, allowing for a broader and more integrated analysis of the ecosystem in question. The results indicated that the low participation of the local population, especially those directly involved in tourist activity, along with the advancement of degradation of the cerrado biome and the inefficiency of the state, are the main reasons for the lack of ecotourism activity in Terra Ronca. Based on these conclusions, the thesis contributed to expanding the discussion on ecotourism development in Brazil and to raising awareness about the importance of environmental preservation and the involvement of the local population in sustainable tourism activities.Item Conflito territorial e ambiental no quilombo mesquita/cidade ocidental: racismo ambiental na fronteira DF e Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-03-26) Aguiar, Vinicius Gomes de; Ratts, Alecsandro José Prudêncio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0348844638764982; Ribeiro, Celene Cunha Monteiro; Cherem, Luís Felipe Soares; Meireles, Antônio Jeovah de Andrade; Herbetta, Alexandre FerrazLa communauté Mesquita, située dans la municipalité de Cidade Ocidental (GO) et le Distrito Federal (DF) a réçu de l’Incra – Institute National de la Colonisation et la Réforme Agraire – le Rapport Téchnique de l’Identification et Délimitation (RTID) des ses terres en 2011 en occupant 4.160 hectare avec 785 familles et 1299 individus (BRAGA e MARTINS, 2011). La municipalité de Cidade Ocidental est, aux divers aspects socioeconomiques, impliquée à la dynamique de Brasilia et inserée à la Région Integré de Dévéloppement (RIDE) du Distrito Federal et les municipes limitrophes. Avec cette dynamique régionale, deux noyaux urbains ont été dévéloppés : l’aire urbaine ‘central’ située aux environ de la route BR-040 ; et l’autre noyau urbain au extrême nord de la municipalité et le DF, lié par la route GO-521, appelé Jardim ABC. Entre les deux noyaux urbains est inseré le territoire du quilombo Mesquita. Un produit agricole traditionel du Mesquita est le coing, parce que depuis le siècle XVIII cette communauté utilise traditionelement ce fruit pour la production de la marmelade de coings, comercialisé dans la région. Les années dernières on a eu la promotion des cours et l’assistance téchnique agricole pour le dévéloppement de la production des fruits, des légumes et aussi aucunes petites productions des grains aux lots ocuppés par les familles quilombolas. Même si on est un quilombo, au territoire proposé pour le Mesquita on a des entreprises de l’agriculture et élévage pas quilombolas et des lotissements urbains. Outre cela, le territoire Mesquita, les années dernières, a réçu investissement du capital immobiliaire qu’on a instalé des copropriétés horizontales et l’autres entreprises en marge du territoire. Ainsi, c’est possible observer que le territoire a souffré avec les procès du conflit environnemental territorial e spatial qu’on a induit l’arrivée des projets de l’infrastructure, le déplacement des cimitières où des ancestrales des quilombolas ont été inhumés, au-délà de la dégradation des poteaux établis par la Fundação Cultural Palmares – FCP – de l’identification du territoire quilombola. Avec le panorama de la spéculation immobiliaire, cette recherce croie dans l’hypothèse que le quilombo Mesquita est inseré dans un conflit environnemental territorial et spatial. On a établi, par consequence, que la communauté quilombola souffri avec le racisme environnemental, caracterisé quand quelque action ou projet, autant publique que privé, affect différemment ou lése des individus, des groupes ou des communautés de couleur ou de race, indépendant de l’intention (BULLARD, 2002a, 2002b e 2004). Cette recherche a l’objectif de comprendre comment la dynamique urbaine de Cidade Ocidental (GO) et de Brasília influence dans la formation des conflits environnementales territoriales et spatiales entre les quilombolas et les pas-quilombolas dans la municipalité.Item A questão social e as transferências de renda: o programa bolsa família nos municípios goianos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-11-12) Alencar, Diego Pinheiro; Arrais, Tadeu Pereira Alencar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7443664433085838; Arrais, Tadeu Pereira Alencar; Castilho, Dênis; Lima, Leandro Oliveira de; Arriel, Marcos Fernando; Salgado, Tathiana RodriguesThe Bolsa Familia Programme (Programa Bolsa Familia - PBF) is currently the social assistance tool with the largest territorial capillarity in Brazil. The social impact of the program reflects different analytical dimensions, such as the fight against poverty and extreme poverty, income inequality by gender, conditioning to basic services (health and education), among other elements that refers to the social issue. In the economic sphere, it can be observed that the relevance occurs mainly in municipalities with a small demographic pattern and low productive dynamism, commonly dependent on intergovernmental transfers and public administration. The mapping of information regarding social vulnerability points to regional disparities in the Brazilian territory, both at the national and state levels. In Brazil, when comparing the amount of benefits issued and/or population in situations of poverty and extreme poverty, with the estimated population of the municipalities or the values passed on with economic indicators (GDP of Brazil, budget revenues, among others), the cases of the Semiarid Northeast and North of Minas Gerais stand out. In the territory of Goiás, when considering the criteria mentioned above, the Microregions of Vão do Paranã, Chapada dos Veadeiros and Porangatu stand out, which directed the selection of municipalities for sampling the field research, in which the impact that the PBF develops in the retail trade and services sectors were measured. In general, the establishments had a municipal operating radius. Regarding the profile of the clientele, the proportional participation of families living in rural areas in the acquisition of products and services available in the urban perimeter was observed, with women being the main responsible for the acquisitions. In the forms of payment, there are relations that refer to peasant society, such as, for example, the presence of "booklets" in a significant part of the establishments. On the other hand, the presence of computerised payments (credit or debit cards) is rare. The relevance of PBF resources has been constantly denoted in the narratives of local merchants, with, in some cases, "more than 50%" of interference in the collection of the establishment. The research found that the PBF in Brazil is not restricted to the field of social assistance, being characterized as an instrument to stimulate the municipal economy in locations that are not attractive to private and public capital investments. In Goiás territory, in the aforementioned MRs, the relevance of the program as an element of dynamization of the retail trade and services sectors is noticeable.Item Comparação de sistemas imageadores aerotransportados ópticos e LiDAR para quantificação da biomassa em áreas de Cerrado nativo(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-11-14) Alves Júnior, Leomar Rufino; Côrtes, João Batista Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0734265787364145; Ferreira, Manuel Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4498594723433539; Ferreira, Manuel Eduardo; Miranda, Sabrina do Couto de; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Rosolen, Vania Silvia; Vieira, Pedro AlvesCurrently, remotely manned aerial platforms (RPAS) embedded with imaging sensors form one of the most desirable and efficient technological sets in the science of remote sensing. Among all possible applications, land use mapping is the flagship, with emphasis on the analysis of native vegetation cover and its relationship with the environment. This research aimed to analyze the woody aerial biomass contained in parcels of native vegetation of the Cerrado biome, located in the Red River basin, state of Goiás, based on advanced instruments (LiDAR and optical sensors) aboard manned aerial vehicles (airplane) and unmanned (RPAS fixedwing, eBee Plus RTK/PPK model). The research also included estimates of native vegetation cover obtained in the field, such as canopy height, number of individuals, percentage of cover and woody aerial biomass, in order to evaluate the efficiency of imaging systems and sensors. The resulting digital surface (MDS) and orthomosaic models were analyzed as a function of accuracy and precision, combining support points and the PPK (Post Processed Kinematic) system. Comparing the orthorosaics generated with support points and without the PPK system, with the orthorosaics generated only with the PPK system, both presented the same planimetric precision, but with improved altimetric precision when the support points were used. For the Cerradão, the model that best estimated the biomass was the one generated with airborne LiDAR data with manned flight, statistically significant with [(F(9.50) = 33.17; p < 0.001; R² = 0.856; SE of the estimate = 0.17 Mg/ha]. For the Dense Cerrado and Cerradão/Dense Forest, the models were statistically significant with [(F(12.27) = 121.264; p < 0.001; R² = 0.982; SE estimate = 0.049 Mg/ha] and [(F(7.42) = 23.360; p < 0.001; R² = 0.796; SE estimate = 0.329 Mg/ha], respectively, both using data obtained with LiDAR Airborne with unmanned flight It is concluded that the use of data obtained with LiDAR and by aerophotogrammetry, from manned and remotely manned aircraft, cannot replace but complement the conventional method of field survey, in the case of native vegetation of Cerrado Denso and Cerradão. As the efficiency in predicting biomass, going from the best to the worst nt, the point cloud obtained with airborne LiDAR with unmanned flight, airborne LiDAR with manned flight, and with aerophotogrammetric survey in unmanned flight. For Cerrado Denso and Cerradão, it can be concluded that all technologies used in this research showed effective results and can therefore be applied according to the availability of equipment and financial resources.Item As linguagens sensoriais para deficientes visuais na construção de pensamento geográfico sobre a cidade(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-06-02) Alves, David de Abreu; Souza, Vanilton Camilo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1374656969635983; Souza, Vanilton Camilo de; Sampaio, Adriany de Ávila Melo; Santos, Nicali Bleyer Ferreira dos; Richter, Denis; Bueno, Miriam AparecidaThe work presented here is the result of a series of concerns of interest in Education, Geography, and society. We reflect on elements of the universe of Inclusive Education, Languages, Geographic Education and Geographic Thinking, understanding that the lack of better articulation and systematization in the use of Sensory Languages for the teaching of Geography to the visually impaired leads to fragile understandings that do not enhance the meaning to everyday phenomena that occur in urban space. That said, in this text, we aim to understand the possibilities presented by Sensory Languages in the cognitive actions of the visually impaired in the development of Geographical Thinking about the City with the aim of school inclusion and citizenship practices. Methodologically, the research approach is qualitative, and the procedures for data collection were diverse, being these, bibliographic and documentary surveys, observations, interviews (narrative and structured), and conversation circles/thematic workshops that helped in the production of a proposal for didactic mediation of Geography teachers. Our research subjects are students with Visual Impairment supported by the Brazilian Center for Rehabilitation and Support for the Visually Impaired - CEBRAV and enrolled in school institutions in the City of Goiânia/GO, as well as the teachers of some of these students who agreed to participate in the research and who authorized observation of the Geography classes in which they work. At the end of the research and the text presented here, we defend the thesis that the use of sensory language, individually or together with other sensory linguistic biases, in the context of didactic mediation in Geographical Education, in classrooms, with the presence of Visually Impaired people, is capable of enabling, minimally, in the work with the concepts of Landscape and Place, the construction of spatialities and legitimate Geographic Thought related to the phenomena triggered in the cities. In this way, such possibilities make it possible to learn geographically about the urban space, with the aim of citizenship, understood as a cultural process that takes place as everyday socio-spatial practices, in line with universal rights.Item Geopoesia Kalunga: identidades territoriais da comunidade Quilombola do Mimoso - Tocantins(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-09-30) Alves, Elizeth da Costa; Silva Junior, Augusto Rodrigues da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6208952301327343; Almeida, Maria Geralda de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4584041690613816; Almeida, Maria Geralda de; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; Medeiros, Ana Clara Magalhães de; Funes, Eurípedes Antônio; Lira, Elizeu RibeiroEven with the transformations that occurred in the rural space due to modernization, the religious traditions manifested in the festivities and revelries, narratives and stories, godparents relations and webs of social relations, are still preserved by the residents and visitors of Mimoso. This community is located between the municipalities of Arraias and Paranã, in the southeast of the Tocantins state and is part of the quilombos remnants in the north of the Goiás state. They remain and constitute fundamental elements for the history and identity of the community. Identity is a concept that has been addressed by studies in literature and geography, mainly in research whose theoretical and methodological framework starts from cultural paradigms. Thus, for the consolidation of the thesis, we aim to understand how the construction of Kalunga territorial identities takes place in the Quilombola rural community Kalunga do Mimoso, through oral narratives and their narrators of geopoetry. By extension, religious festivals, such as the Folia de Santos Reis and the Folia de Santo Antônio, from 2017 to 2018, became the epicenter of the collection and respective analysis. Reaffirming the importance of oral narratives in the history of humanity is the goal around which our specific objectives are shaped. One of them is to analyze how cultural geography and geopoetry contribute to give recognition to quilombola peoples, how they organize themselves and have constituted their territory. Another one is to map the process of historical and territorial formation of the community and understand its social and cultural relations with the Kalunga community in Goiás. We also discuss the dynamics, structural and symbolic aspects of the Santos Reis and Santo Antônio revelries, regarding the occasion, ritual, memory, performance, and how they influence the construction of vocalities and corporealities. And finally, we analyze the stories and procedures of the narrators in relation to the occasions and the narrative construction. We seek to understand the process of forming identities related to the territory where Kalunga subjects live, in dialogue with the theoretical assumptions of cultural geography and geopoetry. We also adopted some problematic questions for the development of the thesis. These are related to the process of territorial formation of the community and its social and symbolic practices, to the contribution of narratives and parties to the construction of territory and identities in Mimoso, and to the implications that the geographical, political and economic frontier causes among the Kalunga of Tocantins and Goiás. In general, we discussed the choice of the theme and its implications. We present the guiding concepts, the theoretical assumptions, the epistemological paths of cultural geography and popular literature (geopoetry) and the methodological contributions that guide the discussion. We historicize the condition of the black people, the formation of quilombola communities in Brazil and Tocantins and the trajectory of their rights. We bring the historical scenario of this state and its communities. We present IBGE data and historically contextualize the division of the Goiás state, the creation of Tocantins and the separation of a large quilombola community. We also show information about the population, the territorial area, the cultural, economic and geographical activities of this state and the municipality of Arraias and their echoes in the vocation of the narrators of geopoetry. The use of qualitative methodologies such as: oral history, critical analysis of bibliography, participant observation, interviews, discourse analysis, among others, enabled consistent analyzes and reflections on the theme. Throughout the thesis, we present answers to the questions presented initially. We note the importance of the feeling of belonging and social practices for the promotion of Kalunga territorial identities. These are based on the collective participation of the subjects in the process of producing the territory, which transcend the political and administrative perspective, and value the appropriation of space for the reproduction of life, work and the Kalunga culture.Item Os riscos tecnológicos na sociedade de risco: possíveis danos da poluição eletromagnética à saúde humana(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-12-12) Alves, Mônica Oliveira; Barros, Juliana Ramalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3897963687114981; Barros, Juliana Ramalho; Leite, Marcos Esdras; Lima, Cláudia Valéria de; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; Santos, Nicali Bleyer Ferreira dosThe technological advancement experienced from the mid-20th century onwards has brought about a series of transformations in modern society. This applies both in terms of the benefits and conveniences offered by new technologies and the potential health risks, such as electromagnetic pollution, generated by products and infrastructures designed to meet the needs of urban populations. Globally, there is a growing public and regulatory concern about the impacts on human health due to exposure to risks generated by high-voltage power transmission lines in urban areas. In this context, there is a noticeable need to investigate this issue in Brazil, where cities, both medium and large, have experienced rapid and unplanned population growth, leading many people to reside near these infrastructures. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the issues related to the health risks generated by exposure to electromagnetic radiation from high-voltage power transmission lines in the urban space of Montes Claros/MG. The chosen location for the investigation was the city of Montes Claros, located in the north of Minas Gerais, where various population groups were observed inhabiting areas considered exposed to electromagnetic pollution generated by the mentioned sources. The methodological procedures involved literature and documentary research, mapping of areas exposed to risk, and surveys with the general population, particularly those residing in one of the risk areas in the city of Montes Claros. The results obtained demonstrated that there are various population groups residing in risk areas in the city, often in locations where occupation occurred irregularly, such as in the servitude zones of high-voltage lines, accentuating social exclusion and socio-spatial segregation in Montes Claros. It was also noted that the population has limited awareness of the risks they are exposed to, hindering the search for strategies and actions by civil society to mitigate the problem. Given the identified issues, it is suggested that further studies be conducted, and precautionary measures be implemented regarding these risks. This should involve the participation of public and private entities, the scientific community, and the general public, promoting a democratic risk management approach in Montes Claros and other urban centers in Brazil.Item “Kalunga” identidades territoriais de um gênero de vida em transição nas terras do nordeste goiano(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-03-14) Amorim, Wilma Melhorim; Alencar, Maria Amélia de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7665566532275199; Calaça, Manoel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1893714192029341; Calaça, Manoel; Almeida, Maria Geralda de; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Santos, Roberto de Souza; Santos, Roosevelt JoséThe thesis analyzes the time-space of the Kalunga‟s manner of life. The Kalungas live in the Cerrado regions of the valleys of Serra Geral, in the northeast of the state of Goias. This research sought to understand what makes them a traditional community and which, from the regions that they live, can be denominated sertão. In addition, it sought to analyzes their inclusion in the category of remaining Quilombolas communities based on self-recognition. This identification is part of an identity reframing, which got stronger since the 1988 Brazilian Constitution. It also approaches the issue of land tenure, which is an element of conflict and dispute because of land usurpations and invasions and due to the difficulty of compliance with the legal procedures that guarantee, to the remaining Quilombolas communities, collective rights over the territory that they inhabit. This territory is now recognized as 'Sítio Histórico e Patrimônio Cultural Kalunga'. The thesis, through the concept of manner of life analysis, seeks to reinterpret life in traditional communities presently. Therefore, we resorted to the methodological tradition of ethnographic research. The method of apprehension is the phenomenological, which has gained strength in humanistic geography, through the use of cultural geography approaches. Fieldwork took a prominent position to the understanding of culture, identity and territory. It was concluded that the main issues that have complicated the Kalungas' lives over the years have not yet been resolved. This fact demonstrates the need to broaden the debate and, at the same time, to discuss the obstacles for the recognition of the remaining Quilombolas communities' rights. It is necessary to seek, in particular, the warranty of ownership and use of the lands traditionally occupied by them, embracing their ethnic and cultural elements, considered fundamental for the maintenance of their traditions and manner of life. The context points to the need for mobilization by the actors connected with the Quilombolas' movement, emphasizing that it is necessary to organize and to reclaim.Item Gestão territorial e conflitos socioambientais no Parques Estadual dos Pirineus (GO)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-10-19) Andrade, Edna de Araújo; Oliveira , Ivanilton José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4172719252263913; Oliveira , Ivanilton José de; Carvalho, Gisélia Lima; Silva, Gladis de Fátima Nunes da; Oliveira, Adriano Rodrigues de; Ferreira, Manuel EduardoThis thesis had the objective to understand and configure the territorial management of the Pirineus State Park, in Goiás. It was based on the understanding that the analysis of the territory, including the process of appropriation of space, through the power relations, combined, among others, to the political, economic and social aspects, contain solid bases of explanatory character of the reality, in the scope of the management of protected areas. The methodological procedures included bibliographic research, and public documents; field work, and semi-structured interviews with expropriated landowners, residents of the surrounding area, state and municipal managers and technicians. The study integrates, essentially, investigations related to the used territory, which allowed to identify the interfaces that make up the societal processes, and the socioenvironmental conflicts. The territorial management of conservation units was conceived as a complex process that involves the context of a territory, with history, conflicts of interest, articulations and negotiations that go beyond the perspective of institutional management of legally established limits. In this conception, the study resulted in the systematized identification of the conflicts in the historical context and pointed out the relational feature that involves the process of occupation of the sorrounding area and the management of the protected area. The analyses indicated that the implementation of the park did not influence the territorial dynamics, and the management problems, such as the lack of a management plan, the precariousness of the physical structure and the lack of advisory council are representative elements for the emblematic framework that involves the use of the territory and the socioenvironmental conflicts. The territory of the park used for the Festa do Morro (Festival of the Hill), for pasture, for public use and other uses, denotes the multiplicity of territories, and shows that there were agreements and social interfaces that were strengthened and consolidated. Thus, the uses of the territory and the socioenvironmental conflicts lead to the interpretation that the various agents and actors participate, interfere and influence in the governmental management. In this broad and multidimensional perspective, the territorial management of the conservation unit was delineated.Item A sociedade, o estado e a ciência na apropriação e na diferenciação socioespacial do Cerrado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-18) Anjos, Antônio Fernandes dos; Miziara, Fausto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458; Ferreira Júnior, Laerte Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8647270006257055; Ferreira Júnior, Laerte Guimarães; Oliveira, Adriano Rodrigues de; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; Ramos Neto, Mário Barroso; Marco Júnior, Paulo DeThe appropriation of the cerrado, more than the country's coast, depended on the coordination between the actions of society and the state. This appropriation differed in space and time and depended largely on the development of knowledge about this space. In this research we sought to understand how the Cerrado has been transformed by society and by the State, and the role of knowledge in the use of space, especially for agriculture and cattle ranching activities. For this, we turn to literature review about each of the treated elements - society, state and knowledge. Although the emphasis is on the historical period of the modernization of agriculture in the cerrado, we also seek to identify the historical processes before the military governments, which, we believe, explain the reality that was built in the cerrado in recent decades. For the demonstration of the spatial transformations that agriculture and cattle ranching impressed in the cerrado, we resorted to mapping the historical series of changes in land use and land cover, obtained from 16 Landsat scenes distributed over the cerrado, mapped every two years between 1975 and 2010. We considered that we have advanced on the knowledge of how the appropriation of the Cerrado occurred, especially in the way they articulated the interests of the actors involved in territorial agro-industrial complex, which often depended on organized state action and the increase of knowledge facing the capitalist reproduction.Item A escala geográfica e o pensamento geográfico: experiências com jovens escolares do ensino médio(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-05-20) Aragão, Wellington Alves; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8827112569170294; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; Castilho, Denis; Richter, Denis; Souza, Lorena Francisco de; Portela, Mugiany Oliveira BritoThis research is part of the set of reflections on the Geographic Scale and the formation / development of a geographical thinking by young high school students. The concept of Geographic Scale is little worked on in primary education, so students are unable to develop geographic thinking based on geographical concepts. The Geographic Scale contributes to the reading of physical and social spatial phenomena, corroborating a more geographical understanding of them. This research was conducted with junior high school students from two state schools in Paraíba, one in the capital, João Pessoa and another in Cajazeiras, in the countryside. The purpose of this investigation is to make the most effective use of the Cartographic and Geographic Scales in the elementary school, as they are complementary and dialogic. This research is based on qualitative precepts, with a participative approach, adopting as methodological instruments of collection: observations, focus groups and structured interviews. The data generated and analyzed highlighted that young students developed reasoning to answer the proposed questions about geographic scales, thus enabling the development of geographic thoughts focused on a multiescalar and dialectic reading between the local and the global, the most immediate and the most distant, crossing all geographical scales and understanding their unleashed social relations. The objectives of understanding the theoretical-conceptual and methodological distinction between the concepts of Cartographic Scale and Geographic Scale; to analyze how the concept of Geographic Scale is disposed in some official high school documents and its relation with themes, concepts and contents that can contribute to the development of a geographical thought; understanding 'if' and 'how' the spatial distribution of industries in João Pessoa and Cajazeiras contributes to the development of geographic thinking mediated by the Geographic Scale; and to understand how the concept of Geographic Scale and industry content worked in the elementary school can cooperate with the development of geographical thinking in young high school students, were fully achieved. The hypothesis raised here that the concept of Geographic Scale is underused in the teaching of geography, thus hindering the development of geographical thinking by young high school students, has been confirmed. In this same context, the thesis that the concept of Geographic Scale, when worked in the classroom in association with the contents related to the industry and its activities, contributing to the development of a geographical thinking, was also fully confirmed.Item Parques urbanos e lagos municipais na região metropolitana de Goiânia: uso, conservação e apropriação dos espaços públicos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-10-21) Araújo, Elis Veloso Portela de; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1038300875963340; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; Carneiro, Vandervilson Alves; Beltrão, Gabriela Nogueira Ferreira da Silva; Deus, João Batista de; Chaveiro, Eguimar FelícioUrban Parks and Municipal Lakes have assumed an important role in the social and spatial dynamics of the Metropolitan Region of Goiânia. It is assumed that the use of these spaces is related to the search for socialization, recreation and healthy habits, including the practice of physical activities and the rapprochement of urban society with nature. However, it is noted that there are heterogeneous realities with regard to structural, environmental and spatial aspects of these equipment, which possibly impacts on an extreme differentiation in the use of these spaces. Thus, the following thesis was elaborated: Although the Urban Parks and Municipal Lakes of RMG constitute public spaces endowed with environmental and social potential, they are subject to an unequal process of use and appropriation by the population, which is influenced by the different levels of structure, management and conservation of these equipments and by the actions of real estate speculation related to the capitalist and segregating character present in the urban space. The verification of the referred thesis was guided by the following objectives: To know the demands for parks, lakes and green areas in the municipalities of RMG, resulting from the construction of the PDI-RMG; Understand how public parks and lakes are distributed in the RMG; Knowing the perception of users in relation to these spaces; Know the dynamics of other public spaces in the municipalities of RMG that do not have Municipal Parks and Lakes; and Problematize the role played by these spaces during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The methodological procedures adopted were bibliographical research; documentary research; mapping; collection of primary data through the application of semi-structured questionnaires and field work; and secondary data collection, through a survey. Among the results achieved by the research, it was revealed that the analyzed public spaces are endowed with a multifunctionality, which is constituted by formal and informal uses, and that the researched spaces are perceived by the interviewed individuals as environments that promote benefits to physical and mental health of the population. It was found that parks and lakes have served as objects of real estate enhancement of urban space. It was also apprehended a heterogeneous reality in these spaces with regard to environmental and structural aspects and the culture of prevention against the dissemination of the new coronavirus.Item A dinâmica produtiva e espacial da indústria goiana(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-03-31) Arriel, Marcos Fernando; Deus, João Batista de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9234464036124624; Deus, João Batista de; Castro, Sérgio Duarte de; Castilho, Denis; Freitas, Cesar Augustus Labre Lemos de; Campos, Flávia RezendeThe few research elaborated about the industry of Goiás usually relate it to the national industry. The vision of an industry complementary to that space can hide its own dynamics and importance in the Goiás state productive structure. The thesis defended in the present research is that the industry of Goiás cannot be observed only from the point of view of the Brazilian industry, it has the own trajectory and, therefore, needs to be understood and to divided in periods. In this way, this work had as objective the construction of the periodization of the industry of Goiás. From the events that influenced the sector, through the statistical data and historical documents, four distinct periods were identified. The first one, from 1912 to 1935, shows the born of Goiás industry and its location along the Goiás Railroad (EFG), especially in the municipalities of Catalão and Ipameri. The second, from 1935 to 1960, is highlighted by the arrival of the EFG in Anápolis, the change of the capital of the state of Goiás to Goiânia, the implantation of the National Agricultural Colony of Goiás (Cang) and the process of construction of Brasília. The productive profile and the location of the industry change significantly, because of the demands caused by the urbanization of the state. There is spatial concentration in the municipalities of Anápolis and Goiânia, with leadership of the first. The third period of the Goiás industry, from 1960 to 1985, is characterized by governmental support to the sector, by the modernization of agriculture and cattle raising, which initiates the process of productive integration and by the expansion of urbanization. The industry increased its participation in the state productive structure, diversified its productive profile and concentrated space in Goiânia, which is to lead, and Anápolis. The fourth and final period, 1985 to the present day, is highlighted by the unfolding of the process of integration of agriculture and industry with the establishment of fiscal and financial incentives in a coordinated way. The industry intensifies its participation in the income generation of the state, diversifies and integrates to the local base (agriculture and mining) and is inserted in the national productive structure. Spatially, there is a new configuration, with the leadership of Anápolis and Goiânia as well as emerging new industrial poles such as Rio Verde, Catalão, Itumbiara and JataíItem Estratégia espacial no mercado mundial de carne: a internacionalização do setor frigorífico brasileiro(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-03-29) Aurélio Neto, Onofre Pereira; Arrais, Tadeu Pereira Alencar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7443664433085838; Arrais, Tadeu Pereira Alencar; Castilho, Denis; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Oliveira, Floriano José Godinho de; Arriel, Marcos FernandoThis study is an analysis of Brazil's participation in the global meat market (beef, pork and chicken) and the emergence of Brazilian multinationals in the meatpacking sector, considering each stage of the internationalization process: national distribution, export, commercial offices, foreign production/distribution units and network organization. In this context, the study covers the JBS, Marfrig, Minerva and BRF case studies, and their trajectory from single location servicing national distribution to the multilocational expansion of these companies on a global scale. The study was based on bibliographic and documental research, with survey and treatment of secondary data, being the quantitative research allied with the case study and fieldwork in operational units (subsidiaries) in Brazil and abroad. In order to understand Brazil's competitiveness in relation to the production and export of meat as a commodity, it considers the logistics of exporting this product, identifying the means of transportation, ports and destination markets. Despite the bottlenecks within exportation logistics and the trade barriers faced by Brazilian products, it was found that Brazil is competitive in the international meat trade, with further potential to increase its participation in the global marketplace. To realize this potential, the country needs to reduce the operational obstacles inherent to internal logistics, through the creation of new export corridors and the deconcentration of ports. Despite being a so-called "global market," it has been found that this is a competitive environment, permeated by trade barriers that restrict access to commodities in some of the world's major markets. Some Brazilian companies in the meatpacking sector have opted to move forward in the internationalization process through direct foreign investment, acquiring operating units outside of Brazil, characterizing them as multinationals. As such, in the cases studied, the acquisitions and construction of overseas production units have been shown to form part of these companies' spatial strategy, to overcome trade barriers and increase operational revenue and their share in the world market. In turn, this network organization of Brazilian meat multinationals enables head offices to control their subsidiaries and favors the expansion of their operating markets, through establishing commercial contracts on a global scale. In this way, JBS, Marfrig, Minerva and BRF challenged the traditional order of the global economy and were able to compete directly with foreign companies in their own markets. In addition, these companies facilitated the integration between spaces which were otherwise considered disconnected, through their production and commercialization circuits.Item Nas franjas do imperialismo a inserção do sudeste goiano na economia mundo: desenvolvimento e subordinação(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-11-25) Avelar, Gilmar Alves de; Deus, João Batista de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9234464036124624; Deus, João Batista de; Moreira, Ruy; Souza Neto, Manoel Fernandes de; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues deThis research approaches capitalist development in the Southeast region of Goiás State. It`s know that this region underwent deep transformations since 1970`s. The first wave came with phosphate and niobium mining industry. After this, there were three more capitalist waves, agriculture modernization in the 1980`s, neoliberal policies in the 1990`s together with automaker industry and a new dam construction. All these processes aggravated the contraditions and increased class struggle in Catalão city.Here the main focus is Goiandira city. For this reason, several factors which contributed to the formation of this space are taken into consideration. Goiandira is a small town with five thousands inhabitants, located 14 km far from Catalão. Over the time its relation with Catalão has become more intensified and conflicts with the city are surfacing more and more.The production of space in Goiandira started with a railroad construction in 1911. From that moment on land workers found jobs in the town. The railroad construction created the possibility to build a new village. In this context, not only the church appeared with its rigid views controlling the life of the people, but also the idea of socialism and the fight against exploitation came as well.This town emancipated from Catalão in 1931. During a long time due to its workers the railroad left a lasting feature in the town. Despite being small Goiandira was a railroad connection/hub place and had a important amount of commodities circulation.In 1978, the railsroads tracks and train station were removed from downtown area, afterwards passengers transportation came to an end in the 1980`s and later train services were privatized resulting in workers lay off. This process brought important changes to the town landscape. Today, Goiandira is an enormous laboratory providing workforce to capitalism in Catalão with hundreds of people on the road night and day. Policy makers in Goiandira are getting ready to take advantage of the closeness with Catalão and also little by little segregation is growing in Goiandira. Thus, this study argues that Goiandira has taken part in the capitalist economy, but always being subjected.Item A segurança em territórios turísticos: o caso do município de Inhambane em Moçambique(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-07-21) Azevedo, Helsio Amiro Motany de Albuquerque; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9540141505352914; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Bueno, Miriam Aparecida; Azevedo, Francisco Fransualdo de; Balsan, RosaneThe safety, security and tourism are concepts that must keep engaged in the process of tourism planning and management to value the landscape of tourist territory. Security, as part of the tourist offer, should not be ignored in the process of development of territories, because they may lose the image quality and the benefits from the sector, which can install the chaos and unprecedented way to valorize or devaluate the landscape. This study aimed to show the importance of safety for the development of tourism at Inhambane municipality (IM) in Mozambique. In a time that tourist demands are more exigent and qualified and the competition bigger between the tourist destinations, the activities of planning the territory through studies of touristic offer, are crucial, to public and private managers. Through bibliographic and documental review, the use of questionnaires and interviews, observation and a workshop, sought information’s that supported the theoretical construction of tourist safety and also elucidate the real situations of tourist destinations that experienced by weakness in its security systems. Mozambique and the IM are not far from this reality, because the study demonstrated that there are problems in the tourism planning and management, in general, and specifically in the tourism safety. It is understood that the IM and Mozambique are destinations that can see their efforts doomed to failure if in short and medium time, the managers of tourism, not incorporate, into their planning and management, specific actions that contribute to improving the quality of tourist offer. Political and military conflicts and the exposure of the territory to extreme events in the territories, as the cyclones, for example, associated with the lack of resources and weak preparedness of private and public managers are the main risks that could "undermine" the tourism development specifically and local development in general. The situations described support the thesis that the stakeholders in the tourism sector, in Inhambane municipality, ignore the tourist safety as a key element for providing positive social and spatial dynamics, situation that will lead the tourism sector to failure.Item O agronegócio: a territorialização e a expansão das fronteiras do capital no Amapá(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-06-24) Bacelar, Manoel Osvanil Bezerra; Calaça, Manoel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1893714192029341; Calaça, Manoel; Lomba , Roni Mayer; Silva , Edson Batista da; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; Oliveira , Ivanilton José deThis thesis has a territorialization and an expansion of capital in the Amapaense field. The research aimed to understand the territorial dimensions and the territorialization resultant conflicts results, focusing on the production of grains and eucalyptus for the export of cavities and monopolization of the territories, as well as the production of soybeans in the state of Amapá. The main objective was the understanding of the process of territorialization of the capital, through agribusiness activities, in the state. The Federal Government, in formulating public policies that determined the guidelines for the economic development of the Amazonian states, created the conditions for the transformations that resulted in the control of private land ownership and production. It was also observed that the struggle for land and the control and exploitation of natural resources acquires class character, of dispute for large and small enterprises, where land and territory constitute dialectical unity. In order to analyze the process of territorial territorialization of the countryside in Amapá, a review of the literature, documentary research in public orgains, interviews with state agents and fieldwork were conducted, including interviews with agents of the capital and peasants. The new and old elements that move the agrarian question in Amapá in the contemporaneity are challenges to be faced, both in the theoretical / conceptual field, and in the understanding of the actions of the subjects involved in this process. It is understood that the solution to such questions involves adopting a set of structuring measures, programs and policies in the field and for the field. The issue of land grabbing is the order of the day, as it is one of the strategies of landowners to increase their holdings. In addition, there is inertia of the public agencies responsible for land regularization in the state, such as INCRA, IMAP, Terra Legal Program, whose attributions are in disagreement and delay the processes of issuing bonds and resolving land conflicts in the state. The expansion of agribusiness has aggravated these conflicts, both among capitalist hegemonic actors and between these and the various segments of the peasantry, such as quilombolas, riparians and squatters. Meanwhile, violence expands in an uneven dispute betwueen rural companies and farmers, who count on the State’s omission.Item A construção do conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo sobre cidade na formação inicial do professor de Geografia em Santarém-Pa(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-08-06) Barbosa, Maria Betanha Cardoso; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8827112569170294; Cavalcanti , Lana De Sousa; Richter, Denis; Morais, Eliana Marta Barbosa de; Bento, Izabella Peracini; Vallerius, Daniel MallmanThe initial training of teachers and the construction of teaching knowledge relates to the theoretical, pedagogical and geographical components formulated by professors in the Geography course. It is important to emphasize the elaboration of the teacher thought in the organization of the teaching process and, as main theme, the concept of city and how this concept is built in the discipline Urban Geography as well as how the teacher synthetizes of this knowledge in the Supervising Teaching Internship. Such knowledge is understood as pedagogical knowledge of contents and pedagogical reasoning according to the Lee Schulman’s approach (2005). The investigated Geography course is located in the city of Santarém-Pará and is offered by Federal University of Western Pará (Ufopa). The city as school content revealed the relation of place as geographical concept about Santarém and how teachers in training develop the pedagogical reasoning, how they understand the city from Geography and how with the city they align the pedagogical concepts. In this research the overall goal was to understand the possibilities of articulating the teaching knowledge in the Ufopa Geography course through the conception of city, having as reference the urban reality of Santarém. The research was qualitative with analytical-descriptive guidance and using the following instruments: documental research, bibliographical research, participant observation, discussion group, narrative and field journal. As subjects, it has fourteen teachers in training of the Geography course from this institution and the data was analyzed extracting the geographical knowledge about city, urban and Santarém, expressed in the Internship classes, besides the procedures and the specific and pedagogical knowledge presented. Regarding the conception of city and urban, there is a synonymous relation because the teachers in training do not define a boundary between city and urban, however the city of Santarém was seen as articulated with place, highlighting various specific issues of the city’s urban. Finally, the research made it possible to verify that the pedagogical knowledge of the content should be seen as a proposal for teaching training, included as a premise in the course’s pedagogical projects, since in isolated disciplines, it does not allow the teacher in training to develop the CPC. Thus, the city must be understood together with the concept of place in the discipline of Urban Geography to make a geographical study about this concept. Therefore, in order to CPC to take place in the initial training it is proposed its insertion as a teacher training proposal. It was proved that when the initial training course in Geography provokes the formation of diverse knowledge as scientific and pedagogical, the teacher in training enhances this knowledge.Item Segurança hídrica e dimensão social: um olhar sobre a região metropolitana de Goiânia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-05-31) Barbosa, Priscila Maia; Hora, Karla Emmanuela Ribeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6451685640638572; Lima, Cláudia Valéria de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5929601393924549; Lima, Cláudia Valéria de; Campos Filho, Romualdo Pessoa; Silva, Adriana Aparecida; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; Carneiro, Vandervilson AlvesThe water crisis is result of a combination of factors that go beyond the relation between the lack of rainfall and population growth. In addition, elements such as conflicts for water use; deficits in water supply and sanitation networks; shattered governance of water; physical-natural conditions; unequal socioeconomic situations and climate changes interact with each other and form the conditionings to the intensification of the crisis in a scenario of risks and uncertainties. The risks are produced by society, which in its turn, becomes receptive of the own risks produced. However, the distribution of the risks are unequal, once the most vulnerable individuals, from the social and economic perspective, are the most affected. The water security, as emergent paradigm allows us to discuss questions related to the access to water, establishing relations between water, the water crisis and the social inequalities. Starting from the following questions: which theoretical frameworks help in the comprehension of water security - WS, measuring it? Can these propositions be applied to distinct realities? How does it manifest in the metropolitan region of Goiânia - RMG? Two hypotheses were built: (1) the idea of water security is a concept under dispute in the spaces of governance of water, sometimes tending to focus on the maintenance of human and animal life, sometimes in the multiple uses of water, with an economic bias; (2) the RMG presents an unequal spatial distribution of water security among its component counties, considering the contribution of water supply and sewage collection infrastructure and socioeconomic characteristics of the population. To comprehend that, the general objective of investigation was to analyze the water security conditions of the metropolitan region of Goiânia observing the distinctions amongst its counties. In parallel, the research investigated the theoretical framework regarding the water security theme; systemized the methodology implied in the water security measurement, evaluation and analysis and appropriated from the Water Security Index - WSI of Brazil’s National Water and Sanitation Agency - ANA, incorporating the social dimension. The methodologic procedures were anchored in the revision of literature, subsidized by a redirected rereading over the WSI, besides documental research and systemization of secondary data and information in the regard of the Geographic Information System - GIS. The selected theoretical framework led to a multiscalar approach, and to the problematization of the WSI developed by ANA. The results denoted that are distinct views on the WS, with predominance, yet that in transformation, of analyses based on the modern rationality that aim to comprehend the conditions of quantity and quality. New analytical perspectives are being developed in ample ways and in interrelations, but encounter its bounds in the availability of data and information. The seek after the indices and indicators are still present elements in the water security conditions and the idea of risk is comprehended as something potential to be avoided or mitigated, but, most important monitored. Regarding the RMG, the application of the WSI point out to distinctions in the region, but the incorporation of a new social dimension allows denoting local asymmetries, pointing out to new possibilities of actions to face the risk.Item Entre estatais e transnacionais, "quantos ais": efeitos espaciais dos megaprojetos de mineração do carvão em Moatize, Moçambique(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-04-23) Bata, Eduardo Jaime; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1038300875963340; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; Peixinho, Dimas Moraes; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; Silva, Vicente de Paulo daIn Moatize, extraction of coal is an ancient activity, dating back to the early 19th century. Its development occurred concomitant consolidation of Moatize, primarily focus on coal mining in Mozambique. In fact, the coal basin of Moatize is the subject of research and mineral exploration, since the period of effective occupation. With independence and the process of building the State, mostly from the early 1990, the mining goes on to be one of the key sectors for the development of the country; Hence, all the conditions have been created for its growth. The new phase of coal extraction process that accompanied the changes underway in the world, especially since the 1970, have repercussions on the social structure, since the insertion of the capital involved arrangements of all kinds. In Moatize, the implementation of megaprojects demanded the space refunctionalization to meet the demands of the productive capital, a process that culminated with the compulsory displacement of the population. In this context, the research sought to understand the spatial effects of megaprojects of coal extraction in Moatize, from its contradictions, regarding the forms of spatial organization, in order to meet its needs. The proposition of this thesis is that there is a new geopolitical strategy that seeks to shift production, concentrated in Europe to New Territories, rich in natural resources, with tax incentives, weak labor and environmental legislation on the rights humans. This process strengthens the productive restructuring of capital and is characterized by the performance of large transnational corporations. Internally, this process relies on the actions of the State, creating the (legal, institutional and ideological) conditions to check rationality and visibility to megaprojects. So, considering the space as a system of systems and dialectical and historical materialism, as a method of research and interpretation of the phenomena; the qualitative research, secondary data collection, as well as field research, enabled the understanding of current arrangements in Moatize, as well as its effects on the spatial structure. With the implementation of megaprojects in Moatize, in addition to the pressure on State institutions to organize themselves, on the basis of these, there were also environmental degradation and, especially, the social disorganization – as a result of compulsory displacement and destruction of livelihoods. Thereby, the curtailment of collective goods, the difficulties of regular access to food in the resettlement, particularly, in Mwaladzi, the lack of land for production, lack of work, as well as the increased morbidity and mortality, are aspects that lead to the impoverishment of the resettled and exacerbate socio-environmental conflicts. In the meantime, the integration of megaprojects generated insignificant advantages for the local communities; However, this integration created and/or strengthened a small bourgeoisie connected to national political power – the capital partners.