Mestrado em Zootecnia (EVZ)

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttp://200.137.215.59/tede/handle/tde/222

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Beta glucanos na ração de frangos de corte
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-04-27) Souza, Agnaldo Borge de; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Pereira, Adriana Aparecida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1928883861877547; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3136809931691012; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073
Embargada.
Translucência como critério para avaliação da qualidade da casca de ovos comerciais
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-05-29) Duarte, Fernanda Alves; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Leite, Carla Daniela Suguimoto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2443043246332134; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Racanicci , Aline Mondini Calil; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5304081966255411; Carmo , Adriana Santana do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782572407995106
Embargada.
Predição genômica para o caráter mocho em bovinos da raça brahman utilizando uma metapopulação
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-01-24) Pereira, Lanna Maryana Costa; Baldi Rey, Fernando Sebastián; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2142265309634106; Brunes, Ludmilla Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2033602084427548; Magnabosco, Cláudio Ulhoa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1852112832119187; Magnabosco, Cláudio Ulhoa; Taveira, Rodrigo Zaiden; Carmo, Adriana Santana do
The absence of horns, or analogously the polled trait, is a characteristic that not only ensures better animal welfare conditions by reducing the dehorning process but also contributes to economic indices in the beef industry due to the reduction of injuries and bruising in leather and muscle tissue. Therefore, this study aims to perform genomic prediction for the polled trait in Brahman cattle, as well as identify the effects that influence prediction ability and estimates of heritability, accuracy, bias, and dispersion of genomic values for this trait through the use of a metapopulation. This study was conducted with phenotypic records related to the polled trait, along with pedigree and genomic information for Brahman and Nellore cattle, which were provided by Regalito, Guaporé (OB Brand), and Estâncias Espiritú farms participating in the genetic improvement program of the National Association of Breeders and Researchers (ANCP). Different phenotypic classifications, obtained through visual assessment, were analyzed to evaluate the variance components and genomic prediction ability of horn development in Brahman cattle. For this purpose, analysis models were adopted that included different strategies for including genetic effects. Two scenarios were considered: one involving only Brahman cattle and another simultaneously comprising Nellore and Brahman breeds, as well as their metafounders. For variance component estimates, a Bayesian approach model was used with the aid of Gibbsf90+ software. In genomic prediction for the polled trait, the threshold model was used through the single-step genomic best linear unbiased predictor method (ssGBLUP). Heritability estimates obtained for the polled trait in Brahman cattle, using single-breed models, showed moderate to high magnitude, ranging from 0.49 to 0.72, with the highest estimate observed with the binary model and the lowest estimate corresponding to the model where observed phenotypes were adopted. The genomic prediction model consisting of sex effects and SNPs present on sex chromosomes, associated with the use of alternative phenotypes and the adoption of the multiracial population and their metafounders, showed the best predictive capacity for the polled trait in Brahman cattle. The use of single-breed models was not appropriate for predicting the genomic value of this trait for the breed under study. The results obtained indicate the high potential for increasing the allelic frequency of genes associated with the polled phenotype in Brahman cattle populations.
Efeitos de aditivos biológicos na recria e terminação de novilhas Nelore
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-07-11) Marchão, Leonardo Roriz; Gonzalez, Roberto Daniel Sainz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7128624824011246; Ferreira, Reginaldo Nassar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2555785079833283; Nuñez, Amoracyr José Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9646810846757315; Nuñez, Amoracyr José Costa; Silva, Wilton Ladeira da; Caixeta, Luis Fernando de Sousa
Embargado
Influência de ambientes sombreados e de sol pleno no comportamento de vacas leiteiras a pasto
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-06-24) Brandão, Jesyane Pereira Martins; Ferreira, Isabel Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5572095422280182; Pimentel, Concepta Margaret McManus; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6052239712915301; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Hellmeister Filho, Paulo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4391389845941028; Carmo, Adriana Santana do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782572407995106
Embargado
Modelagem para predição da produção de forragem com dados de escores e de sensoriamento remoto
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-05-27) Neves, Açucena Batista; Baumann, Luis Rodrigo Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1077030837411273; Silva, Wilton Ladeira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1593390000423230; Silva, Wilton Ladeira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1593390000423230; Baumann, Luis Rodrigo Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1077030837411273; Andrade, Ana Carolina do Couto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6232055294081210; Nuñez, Amoracyr José Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9646810846757315
Embargado
Avaliação da conformação de cavalos da raça Mangalarga Marchador por fotogrametria
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-02-25) Andrade, Millena Oliveira; Carmo, Adriana Santana do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782572407995106; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Barcelos, Kate Moura da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3021485263296119; Barcelos, Kate Moura da Costa; Procópio, Alessandro Moreira; Silva, Sergio Francisco da
The Brazilian Mangalarga Marchador breed stands out on the national scene for being the largest in number of specimens, approximately 747 thousand horses. These horses are registered by the Mangalarga Marchador Horse Breeders Association, considering zootechnical controls, mainly of morphometric measurements. Traditional methods for performing morphometric measurements, such as the use of a hippometer, can be used for this control, but their use can lead to measurement errors due to the movement of the animal, and risk to the professional and the animal due to contact during the measurement. Therefore, the investigation of other measurement methodologies is essential, such as the use of mathematical models that predict morphometric segments, using images taken by smartphone. The objective of this study was to use two-dimensional images to predict morphometric measurements and to evaluate the automation of the prediction of morphometric measurements through convolutional neural networks (CNN). For the first stage, the models were developed using multiple linear regression (MLR), Support vector regression (SVR), and random forest (RF) methodologies. The factors sex, weight, stud farm, and segment of interest were considered for the development of the models. As a result, only sex did not obtain a positive result regarding the influence on the results, since there was not an insufficient number of animals to conclude the influence, despite the literature suggesting that it is an important factor. The methodologies addressed had good results regarding weight prediction, with similar results among the three, thus the most indicated is the MLR due to its simplicity. The second stage consisted of analyzing the images through CNN, an automatic evaluation methodology. CNN obtained good results, reaching a MAPE value of less than 10%. Thus, it can be stated that both manual and automatic prediction are capable of reliably predicting equine morphometric measurements.
Morfometria e a ocorrência de hiperqueratose em tetos de vacas gir e mestiças ½ holandês e 1/2 gir
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-09-09) Abreu, Morgana Pontes; Santos, Marcos Veiga; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8345833429933187; Cordeiro, Clarice Gebara Muraro Serrate; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5073363015303780; Zacaroni, Ozana de Fátima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4582215859105753; Zacaroni, Ozana de Fátima; Cunha, Paulo Henrique Jorge da; Carmo, Adriana Santana do
Mastitis is the most prevalent disease in dairy cattle, leading to substantial production losses and having a multifactorial etiology. Its occurrence in herds is associated with the health of the animal, environment, and management practices. Numerous risk factors have been described for the disease, one of which is hyperkeratosis. This condition is characterized by the accumulation of large amounts of keratin and the proliferation of corneal tissue, primarily due to mechanical forces exerted by milking equipment. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate teat morphometry, the occurrence of hyperkeratosis, somatic cell counts, and the correlation of these parameters with zootechnical data in 269 dairy cows (47 Gir and 222 1/2 Girolando) from the same farm. Following approval by the Animal Use Ethics Committee (CEUA) under protocol number 054/18, data were compiled on breed, number of lactations, days post-partum, peak milk production in the current lactation, somatic cell count, teat length, width, and hyperkeratosis. Hyperkeratosis was classified in scores, with scores one and two considered mild, and three and four severe. One anterior and one posterior teat of each cow, always contralateral, were evaluated. The data were tabulated in Excel 2010® and analyzed in R® using Analysis of Variance, Binary Logistic Regression, and odds ratio tests, with a significance level of 5%. No difference was found in teat length between Gir and Girolando cows; however, Gir cows had wider teats than Girolando cows. Girolando teats and cows showed a higher likelihood of developing severe hyperkeratosis compared to Gir cows. Anterior teats had a 68% higher chance of developing severe hyperkeratosis. Regarding length, the longer the teat, the greater the chance of severe hyperkeratosis, regardless of breed. Zootechnical data showed differences only for lactation period and number of lactations. Cows with two or more lactations were more likely to develop severe hyperkeratosis than primiparous cows, and the longer the postpartum period, the greater the occurrence of severe hyperkeratosis. In conclusion, on the same farm, 1/2 Girolando cows are more susceptible to severe hyperkeratosis than Gir cows.
Máquina de aprendizado extremo para predição de ganho médio diário à desmama em bovinos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-12-20) Lisboa, Giovanna Rodrigues; Bertazzo, Rodrigo Possa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7503210823802793; Mascioli, Arthur dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6557055478323026; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Leite, Carla Daniela Suguimoto; Hellmeister Filho, Paulo
Extreme Learning Machines, Extreme Machine Learning (EML/IGASE), unlike other Artificial Neural Network (ANN) training algorithms that adjust network parameters through the iterative presentation of training patterns, include intermediate neuron numbers and perform projection random in the hidden layer, in general of high dimensionality in the complex connections with the other variables of direct inputs, the weights are selected in a random way injected and bijected in the complex composite functions, without need of training. The over- sizing of the EML/IGASE becomes necessary for the smoothing of the response, guarantees the capacity of generalization and transfers of complex functions in the temporal series of phenotypic expressions of the animals. The objective of this work is to predict the average weight gain at weaning (GMPD) phenotype as a function of direct variables measured in animals within and between seasons (SF) and farms (FAZ), using EML/IGASE. 8,812 progeny records were used for 11 harvests, descendants of 272 bulls, from 09 farms located in different states of the federation, Mato Grosso (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Paraná (PR) and São Paulo (SP). ). The phenotypes studied were weight at weaning (PD), average weight gain at weaning (GMPD), conformation at weaning (CPD), musc ulature at weaning (MPD) and early weaning (PPD). Extreme Machine Learning (EML/IGASE) was able to predict the mean weight gain at weaning (GMPD) phenotype, based on the other variables measured in the animals within and between seasons and farms studied, with low Mean Squared Error (MSE) in the robust interactions and transfers of complex functions from multi-input neural architectures and different levels of environmental attributables to the expressed phenotypes. In the univariate analyzes with the input variable weights at weaning (PD) transferring to the average weight gain at weaning (GMPD) the EML/IGASE performed complex numeric al predictions in 08 productive harvests of the 09 farms, where the Mean Squared Errors (EQM) between predicted and actual variables of GMPD ranged from 0.09 to 13.96%. For the multivariate analyzes with the four input variables weight at weaning (PD), conformation at weaning (CPD), musc ulature at weaning (MPD) and precocity at weaning (PPD) in 09 harvests of the 09 productive farms, the Mean Squared Errors (NDE) between predicted and actual GMPD variables ranged from 0.08 to 26.30%. The complex transfer functions were robust to noise tests up to the second decimal place in the numeric al predictions considered in the study.
Avaliação da inclusão de aditivo simbiótico em dietas de frangos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-03-05) Faria, Itallo da Silva; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4936451314440305; Melo, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Santos, Bruno Moreira dos; Costa, Miliane Alves da; Stringhini, José Henrique
This study aimed to assess the symbiotic inclusion (lysine, methionine, calcium, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus acidophilus, glucomannans, and mannooligosaccharides) in broilers diet and to evaluate the possible effects on the inclusion on zootechnic indexes, cuts and carcass yields, blood parameters, and broilers intestinal health. 512 animals were distributed in a completely randomized design, in of four treatments (Treatment 1 - Performance enhancer, Treatment. 2 - Symbiotic, Treatment 3 - Growth promoter + symbiotic, Treatment 4 - without addition of enhancer additive), eight replications consisting of 16 birds per experimental unit. During the experiment, zootechnic performances such as weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, and mortality were evaluated in each rearing phase (seven, 21, 35, and 42 days). Withing seven days, poultry fed with growth promoter and growth promoter + symbiotic exhibit higher final weight gain, weight gain, and feed consumption. At 21 days of age, there was higher weight gain and feed consumption with growth promoter and growth promoter + symbiotic. At 35 days of age, it was observed higher feed consumption with growth promoter and growth promoter + symbiotic. At 42 days of age, there were no statistic differences among the treatments for the performance variables. Significant differences were only found to leg quarter yield in poultry fed with symbiotic. On the 21st day, it was observed a higher concentration of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase, and Triglyceride on the animal’s hematological profile that were fed with growth promoter and symbiotic. On the 42nd day, significant differences were observed regarding to uric acid to the poultry fed with growth promoter and symbiotic, which showed lower values to uric acid, broilers that received symbiotic + performance enhancer and or no enhancer additive in the diet had higher serum calcium concentration. There was significative difference to the ileum crypt only on the 21st day of histomorphometry assessment the birds that received the symbiotic
Qualidade de farelos de soja para frangos de corte suplementados com enzimas exogenas
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-12-07) Paulo, Lorrayne Moraes de; Mello, Heloísa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Stringhini, José Henrique; Minafra, Cibele Silva; Leite, Carla Daniela Suguimoto
This study aimed to evaluate the apparent metabolizability coefficients of dry matter (MCDM), nitrogen (MCN), apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and the apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) of soybean meals (SM) supplemented with exogenous enzymes. Three metabolism assays were carried out from 14 to 21 days, using the total excreta collection method, with Cobb 500®male broiler chicks. In the first trial, the design used was completely randomized (DIC), with five treatments, five replications containing eight birds per experimental unit, totaling 160 birds. The experimental diets consisted of: Reference diet (DR); DR + 40% of the respective tested soybean meal (A, B, C, D). In the second trial, the design used was completely randomized (DIC), in a 4x2 factorial scheme with eight treatments, five replications containing eight birds per experimental unit, totaling 320 birds. Treatments consisted of: Reference diet (RD); RD + 40% of each bran (A, B, C); with or without protease supplementation. In the third trial, the design used was completely randomized (DIC), with nine treatments, five replications containing eight birds per experimental unit, totaling 360 birds. The treatments consisted of using 40% of a commercial soybean meal in combination with protease, xylanase and amylase, alone or in combination. When evaluating the quality of the different commercial soybean meal used in the region of Goiania, significant differences were observed in the analysis of processing quality assessment, where soybean meal A showed better protein dispersibility (PD) compared to other soybean meal. The results of ureatic activity show that the lowest levels of ureatic activity (UA) were observed in soybean meal B and D. In test 1, a significant effect of the different FS on AMEn was observed, where soybean meal A and B had higher levels. of AMEn. In trial 2, the use of exogenous protease helped to increase the levels of AME, AMEn, MCDM and MCN. In trial 3 a significant effect on AMEn was observed, where the combinations of protease + amylase, xylanase + amylase, protease + xylanase + amylase showed an increase in AMEn. Correlations between AME and AMEn of broiler chickens and bromatological and quality analyzes of soybean meal processing were performed. There were positive correlations between mineral matter (MM) and AME, AMEn, PD and AMEn. Negative correlations were observed between MS and EMA and AMEn. It is concluded that commercialized soybean bran may present differences in the UA or PD contents, and that there may also be differences regarding AMEn depending on the origin. The use of enzymes such as protease can improve both the AME and AMEn contents and the MCDM and MCN. As well as the use of combinations of different enzymes such as protease, xylanase and amylase can improve AMEn levels. It can be observed through correlations that factors such as DM, MM and DP can influence the EMA and AMEn values.
Qualidade de ovos de poedeiras marrons provenientes de sistema livre de gaiolas
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-12-08) Pereira, Ligia Sarneiro; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros de; Leite, Carla Daniela Suguimoto; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Stringhini, José Henrique; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; Leite, Paulo Ricardo de Sá da Costa
Eggs are extremely perishable and they start losing their intern quality immediately after being laid. It is an inevitable phenomenon and can be worsen by different factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the influence of storage (time and environment) and the hen’s age on the physical properties of eggs from Hy-Line Brown® hens of different ages (36, 53, and 69 weeks old), regarding to two storage conditions: refrigerated (fridge) and shelf (ambient temperature) and three storage periods (10th, 20th, and 30th day). The experiment was carried out for 30 days, at Setor de Avicultura do Departamento de Zootecnia da Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brasil. In total, 243 eggs were used. 108 eggs were used to the quality assessment (six repetitions each), 90 eggs were used to the dry-matter analyses (five repetitions each), and 45 eggs were used to the eggshell strength analyses. Using a completely random design, the data were analyzed as a 3x2x3 factorial (age, environment, and storage period). Each egg was broken on a flat glass surface and then analyzed every 10 days regarding to its quality: egg, yolk, albumen, and shell mean weight (g); shell thickness (mm); specific gravity (g/cm3 ); Haugh Unity; albumen and yolk index; albumen, yolk, and shell percentage (%); yolk and albumen pH; albumen and yolk dry matter (%); and shell strength (kgf). The variables were tested in terms of normality to the analysis of variance premises assessment. The parametric analyzes underwent the analysis of variance and Tukey test (p<0,05). SAS® University Edition software was used to analyze the data. Eggs from 69 weeks old hens resulted in higher yolk weight and lower eggshell strength. Eggs storage in room temperature presented a linear decrease in the yolk index. Regardless the hens’ age, albumen pH was lower on the 20th day of storage. Regardless the storage time and hens’ age, the greatest Haugh Unit values were observed in refrigerated eggs, suggesting the importance of lower temperatures to maintain these products’ quality. Keywords: albumen, conservation, age, hen, Haugh Unity.
Desempenho produtivo, características de carcaça e qualidade da carne de suínos classificados para alta e baixa força de cisalhamento do lombo
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-02-24) São José, Gabryella Luiza Félix; Carmo, Adriana Santana do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782572407995106; Cesar, Aline Silva Mello; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6423577693155656; Almeida, Vivian Vezzoni de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4160526490591013; Almeida, Vivian Vezzoni de; Nuñez, Amoracyr José Costa; Tse, Marcos Livio Panhoza
Tenderness, juiciness, and flavor are important drivers of consumer liking for pork, which have been associated with intramuscular fat content. Genetic selection resulted in pigs with improved feed efficiency and greater carcass lean percentage; however, intramuscular fat content has been reduced to levels that do not guarantee sensory benefits to consumers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in genetically lean immunocastrated pigs grouped for extreme Warner-Bratzler Shear Force (WBSF) values. The values of WBSF were obtained from previous study evaluating four diets, six replicates per diet, and three animals per experimental unit, totalizing 72 immunocastrated male pigs. Pigs were fed with diets containing either 1.5% soybean oil (CON) or 3% soybean oil (SO), canola oil (CO), or fish oil (FO) during the growing-finishing phases. Therefore, WBSF data were used to separate pigs into groups with high (4.4 a 5.5 kgf) and low (2.8 a 3.8 kgf) WBSF. The experimental design was complete randomized blocks consisting of two treatments (high and low WBSF), three blocks (CON, CO, and FO), and six replicates per treatment, totalizing 12 experimental units. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed for growth performance variables between WBSF groups. Pigs with high WBSF tended to have lower (P = 0.07) backfat thickness and greater (P = 0.09) shrink loss and carcass lean percentage than pigs with low WBSF. There were tendencies towards increased (P = 0.09) cooking loss and decreased (P = 0.07) intramuscular fat content in the loins from pigs with high WBSF compared to those with low WBSF. The concentration of oleic acid was lower (P = 0.05) in the loin intramuscular fat from pigs with high WBSF than those with low WBSF. There were tendencies for decreased (P = 0.06) total monounsaturated fatty acids concentration and increased (P = 0.09) total polyunsaturated fatty acids concentration in the loin intramuscular fat from pigs with high WBSF than those with low WBSF. In conclusion, in addition to tenderness, loins with low WBSF from immunocastrated male pigs had additional benefits in their nutritional attributes, without improvements in the efficiency of production and carcass traits.
Marcadores moleculares na identificação de corridas de homozigose e endogamia nas raças curraleiro pé-duro e pantaneiro
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-11-25) Santos, Marcelo Fernandes dos; Magnabosco, Claudio Ulhoa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1852112832119187; Rey, Fernando Sebastián Baldi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2142265309634106; Carmo, Adriana Santana do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782572407995106; Carmo, Adriana Santana do; Freitas, Thais Miranda Silva; Leite, Carla Daniela Suguimoto
The runs of homozygosity (ROHs) can be used to estimate more accurate population parameters and genomic regions under selection in different species and breeds. Therefore, this approach can be used in locally adapted breeds to identify genes of economic interest and estimate autozygosity, enabling the optimization of selection and mating strategies and mitigating their extinction risk. The objective of this work is to identify and characterize the ROHs present in locally adapted breeds Curraleiro Pé-Duro (CPD) and Pantaneiro (PANT) in order to identify genes under selection and estimate their inbreeding coefficient (FROH). The ROHs were identified in 126 and 35 animals of the CPD and PANT breeds, respectively, with data from 54,000 SNP markers. For the identification of ROHs, the following criteria were used: a) sliding window of 50 SNPs, b) minimum number of 100 consecutive SNPs in each ROH, c) minimum length of 1 Mb, c) maximum interval between homozygous consecutive SNPs of 0, 5 Mb, d) maximum of five SNPs with absent genotypes, 1083 and 140 ROHs were found in the CPD and PANT breeds, respectively, and that the predominant pattern of ROHs in the studied breeds are those of medium to long size, which demonstrates recent events of autozygosity. Six islands of homozygosity were identified in both breeds on autosomal chromosomes 6, 8, 10, 13, 14 and 17. Genes and QTLs previously related to traits of interest are located in the segments found, highlighting QTLs associated with production and quality traits of milk (57%), as those involved in the content of proteins such as caseins and genes associated with the immune system, such as the genes of the beta defensin family. The estimated inbreeding coefficient showed that both breeds have low autozygosity (2-4%), which differs from what is expected for populations with a reduced genetic base such as those studied. The present work identified six homozygous islands in common in the Curraleiro Pé-Duro and Pantaneiro breeds, located in genomic regions previously reported to be associated with characteristics of economic interest, such as disease resistance and milk protein content, which can be considered candidate regions the selection. The inbreeding coefficient estimated based on the ROHs showed that inbreeding is low (2 to 4%) in the studied populations, diverging from what was expected in small populations.
Densidades de estocagem para tilápia do Nilo em sistema aquapônico de Raft
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-12-10) Moraes, Anderson Pires de; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Costa, Adriano Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5047062101213730; Paula, Fernanda Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9353071033895125; Paula, Fernanda Gomes de; Arnhols, Emmanuel; Floriano, Luciane Sperandio
This work was developed with the aim of comparing the productive performance, economic evaluation, yields and body and chemical composition of the fillet, blood biochemistry of Nile tilapia, productive performance of lettuces and chemical composition, in addition to the interaction of water quality parameters between lettuce, fish and water. The experiment was conducted in the Aquaculture Sector at the Veterinary and Zootechnics School - EVZ, from the Federal University of Goiás - UFG, from December 2020 to March 2021 (80 days). A total of 648 fish were used, divided into two periods of 40 days each (period I: 234 fish and period II: 234 fish), randomly distributed in 12 masonry tanks with 6 m², in two densities (3 fish per m² and 6 fish per m²). m²). The experimental design was completely randomized in four treatments with 3 replications each, where T1: 3 fish per m² together with lettuce production, T2: 6 fish per m² with lettuce production, T3: 3 fish per m² without lettuce, T4 : 6 fish per m² without lettuce with 3 repetitions each, totaling 12 experimental units, and the same experiment was repeated in time, in order to better evaluate density and the interaction of vegetables within the same system. The fish were fed with commercial feed containing 32% CP at a frequency of three times a day. The variables of productive performance were analyzed (survival rate, average weight, biomass, individual weight gain, apparent feed consumption, apparent feed conversion, protein efficiency rate and specific growth rate), economic evaluation (partial operating cost, gross, partial net revenue, incidence of costs), body yields (head proportion, carcass yield, viscera proportion and fillet yield), fillet chemical composition (dry matter, crude protein, ethereal extract, mineral matter), analysis bromatology of lettuce (dry matter, crude protein, mineral matter) biometric indices (hepatosomatic index and viscerosomatic fat index), hemato-immunological (red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, HCM, CHCM, thrombocytes, leukocytes, heterophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes). Data were submitted to double factor statistical analysis. It was observed that the experimental units that in the density of 6 fish per square meter with the presence of lettuce provided better results, zootechnical, hemato-immunological data and also better economic viability.
Nitrato encapsulado na suplementação para novilhos de corte em pastejo
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-10-02) Berti, Guilherme Felipe; Silva, Maurícia Brandão da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9608210292530980; Fernandes, Juliano José Resende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949776443064259; Couto, Victor Rezende Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4329309889502866; Couto, Victor Rezende Moreira; Barbosa, Analívia Martins; Araújo, Rafael Canonenco de
The present work evaluated the effects of the partial replacement of soybean meal with encapsulated nitrate in suplemented grazing beef cattle diets. The experimental design was a cross-over, conducted in two consecutive periods of 21 days each. Eight crossbred steers (average body of 345 kg), castrated, fitted with ruminal cannula were distributed in two treatments: Control - multiple supplement based on soybean meal, without nitrate; and NE - supplement with encapsulated nitrate (5% on the concentrate dry matter), replacing soybean meal. Each animal were daily supplemented with 1.0% of his body weight. The data were analyzed using mixed models, using the MIXED procedure of the SAS program and comparisons between treatments were made using the F test, at the level of 5% probability. The total dry matter intake (DMI) was not affected (P = 0.459), as well as the forage DMI (P = 0.906). However, a decreae of the concentrate DMI rate (% body weight) was observed (from 0.92% to 0.88%) (P = 0.024). Control and EN animals showed higher concentrate intake during three hours after feed, however EN had lower and slower consumption throughout the day. The use of EN did not change the digestibility of the dry matter (P = 0.090), as well as the digestibility of the crude protein (P = 0.160), neutral detergent fiber (P = 0.122) and non-fibrous carbohydrate (P = 0.872), but decreased the ether extract digestibility from 68.81% to 61.21% (P <0.05). The EN decreased butyrate (P <0.01) and valerate rates (P <0.0095) 9 hours after feeding. There was no effect of EN on propionate (P> 0.1215) and total AGCC rates (P> 0.8620), whereas EN increased the total acetate rates 3, 6 and 12 hours after supplementation (P <0.0018). There was no effect of EN on the ruminal NH3 concentration (P> 0.5845). In summary, EN provides lower palatability to concentrate diets, maybe increasing the time spent in the trough throughout a day, but did not decreases the dry matter intake of suplemented grazing cattles.
Ganho de peso compensatório em diferentes fases na criação do frango de corte
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-05-18) Teodoro, Janaina Correia; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3136809931691012; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros de; Peron, Hugo Jayme Mathias Coelho; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez
This experimental trial was designed with the objective of evaluating a possible compensatory weight gain in broilers at different ages submitted to a quantitative food restriction program. Fully randomized experimental design (DIC), with 5 treatments and 7 repetitions with 32 birds per repetition, totaling 35 experimental plots, totaling 1,120 birds. The treatments consisted of quantitative food restriction of 20% of the expected weekly consumption of the cobb table, separated by week: treatment with food restriction in the second week, treatment with food restriction in the third week, treatment with restriction in the fourth week, treatment with restriction in the fifth week, sixth week with free feeding for all treatments and control treatment without restriction. The collected data were submitted to ANOVA and were evaluated by contrast. In the weekly performance the feed consumption was always low in the treatment of the week restriction when compared to the control treatment, in consequence, the average weight was also lower in the same week, and the conversion was always higher in the week of the restriction. At 42 days, these differences were not observed, suggesting that there was weight recovery, that is, the broiler chicken with a 20% restriction managed to show compensatory weight gain. For organs and tissues, there was a significant difference between treatments in the relative weight for gastrointestinal tract and large intestine, presenting a lower index in the week that the birds went through food restriction. As for intestinal histomorphometry, in general, villus height and crypt depth were higher in treatments that underwent food restriction, since the intestinal epithelium of birds is constantly renewed by mechanisms of intestinal muscosa repair, which can be changed by agent nutrients, which makes them hyperplastic, with deeper crypt depth. For evaluation of woody chest degrees, there was a better result (reduced incidence) for the animals that underwent restriction in the second and fifth week. When examining the means of microscopic lesions of the pectoralis major muscle, a difference is observed only in adipose tissue. It was concluded that birds with a 20% restriction were able to regain weight and present compensatory weight gain. With regard to organs and tissues, there was a decrease in the weight of intestinal organs due to a decrease in peristaltic movements in the face of a period of restriction, requiring less from the intestine and, consequently, decreasing its relative weight. Likewise, the birds' organisms react to food restriction at the cellular level, increasing villus height and crypt depth as a mechanism to improve nutrient absorption and increase tissue repair. With regard to pectoral muscle changes, the restriction applied in this study was able to reduce the incidence of wooden breast.
Avaliação do mercado de peixes ornamentais em Goiânia e região metropolitana
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-06-28) Araujo, Rafael Martins de; Oliveira, Kellen de Sousa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3336024339176888; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/551096516635207; Paula, Fernanda Gomes de; Leite, Paulo Ricardo de Sá da Costa; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho
The objective was to study the production chain of ornamental fish, addressing the retail and consumer trade in Goiânia and the metropolitan area. In general, the variables that characterize the production, trade, marketing chain and the rearing of ornamental fish were analyzed. Questionnaires applied online were used for aquarist practitioners, shopkeepers and producers, and responses were obtained from 82 individuals who fall into the category of aquarism practitioners, 25 shopkeepers and 32 producers. The relationships between the variables were analyzed by the chi-square test, considering 0.05 of significance. The results were compared and evaluated through the confidence interval and highlighted those who had interest within the ornamental fish market. Those individuals who responded as producers demonstrated that they started producing only by hobbie (51.4%) and, with demand growing, their production increased. Shopkeepers, mostly representing pet shops, agricultural shops and water shops have little control of water quality (62.5% of the stores), as well as the watercolor practitioners who, although they have knowledge about water quality (62.3% of the individuals), are few who make this type of evaluation (41.9%). Thus, it was found that, for the most part, the ornamental fish market of Goiânia and the metropolitan region do not actually perform the verification and control of water quality in their places of rearing or selling, either due to lack of knowledge or incentive.
Uso do probiótico Bacillus amyloliquefaciens na dieta para frangos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-03-05) Brasileiro, Júlio César Lopes; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; Leite, Paulo Ricardo de Sá da Costa; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez
The use of antibiotics in animal feed is increasingly a reason for questioning and discussion with the focus on food safety and the possibility of the emergence of bacterial resistance that may reflect on human therapy. Alternatives have been researched to replace the use of antibiotics in animal production with additives considered more innocuous, especially probiotics. Thus, to evaluate the use of probiotic associated or not with the presence of performance-enhancing antibiotic, 1400 one-day-old male Cobb-500® chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design (DIC) in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme totaling four treatments and ten repetitions including 35 birds in each plot covering the 42-day experimental period. Avilamycin was used as a performance-enhancing antibiotic and the variables studied in the present study included the zootechnical performance index, carcass yield and intestinal histomorphometry. For the variable of zootechnical performance index in the period of one to 21 days, an effect of the use of probiotic for feed conversion was observed, with the birds that received the probiotic presented a better conversion index when compared to the group of birds that did not receive addition. of probiotic and antibiotic in diets. For the intestinal histomorphometry parameter, the interaction between factors was observed, in which the group of birds that consumed the antibiotic-free diet and included with the probiotic presented better villus height concomitant to the villus: crypt in the duodenum ratio and better villus height concomitant to the depth of crypts in the ileum, demonstrating to be a viable alternative of substitution against the antibiotics used in the poultry farming.
Facilitando a adaptação de bovinos (Bos taurus indicus) para dietas de confinamento de alta proporção de concentrado utilizando Megasphaera elsdenii
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-05-28) Lopes, Ana Laura Araújo; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949776443064259; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; Meschiatti, Murillo Alves Porto; Couto, Victor Rezende Moreira
This study evaluated the effects of Megasphaera elsdenii administration at the beginning of the feedlot period on performance of Bos taurus indicus bulls. On d 0, 383 Nellore bulls (initial shrunk body weight 384 ± 29.2 kg; initial age = 24 ± 2 mo) were assigned to treatments in a randomized complete block design. Treatments consisted of 1) 14 d adaptation diet and transition to a finishing diet (CONT), 2) CONT plus oral administration of 20 mL of Lactipro-NXT (M. elsdenii) on d 0 of the study (MEG-14), 3) CONT diet, consisting of 6 d of adaptation diet plus oral administration of 20 mL of Lactipro-NXT on d 0 of the study (MEG-6), and 4) No adaptation diet and oral administration of 20 mL of Lactipro-NXT on d 0 of the study (MEG-0). Experimental period lasted 119 d. No treatment effects were observed for any of the performance parameters evaluated herein (P ≥ 0.15). Nonetheless, a treatment × wk interaction was observed for DM, NEm, and NEg intakes (P < 0.0001). For all these parameters, MEG-0 and MEG-6 had a reduced intake vs. MEG- 14 and CONT in the first wk of the study (P ≤ 0.05). For the carcass traits, no effects were observed for HCW (P ≥ 0.24), whereas MEG-6 had a greater REA when compared with MEG-0 and MEG-14 (quadratic effect; P = 0.04) and MEG-administered bulls tended to have a greater BFT vs. CONT (P = 0.08). In summary, M. elsdenii administration at the beginning of the feedlot period did not improve performance, whereas reducing the length of the adaptation period for 6 d improved REA of finishing Bos taurus indicus bulls.

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