Doses de pó de basalto combinado com inoculação com Rhizobium tropici e em coinoculação com Bacillus subtilis na cultura de feijão

Abstract

The common bean is a crop of the Fabaceae family of great economic importance, it has high nutritional requirements and relies heavily on chemical fertilizers for its production. In this context, it´s necessary to advance sustainable practices in soil management and crop nutrition. Technologies such as soil remineralization and the use of growth-promoting microorganisms can increase yields and reduce production costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the synergistic impact of remineralization with basalt powder, combined with the use of an inoculant based on R. tropici and B. subtilis in common beans. The experiment was conducted during the 2024/2025 summer growing season, using a randomized block design (RBD) in a 4 x 2 x 2 + 1 factorial scheme, with four replications. The treatments consisted of four doses of basalt powder (0, 2, 4, and 6 t ha⁻¹), with or without seed inoculation with R. tropici and coinoculation with B. subtilis, plus an additional treatment involving nitrogen fertilizer application. Nodulation efficiency and the plants’ morphophysiological characteristics were evaluated at the R6 stage, while at the end of the growing season, grain components and yield were determined. The application of 6 t ha⁻¹ of basalt powder resulted in the highest grain yield (3.028 t ha⁻¹), demonstrating its potential as a remineralizer when combined with R. tropici + B. subtilis coinoculation of bean seeds, confirming the synergy. It can be concluded that co-inoculation with R. tropici and B. subtilis contributes to improved nodulation, plant growth, and bean yield, in addition to being a low-cost and sustainable alternative, making it particularly suitable for bean cultivation.