A influência da arborização urbana no conforto térmico de pedestres e ciclistas no microclima urbano: caso da av. Universitária de Goiânia-GO
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2021-12-16
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The expansion of cities promotes changes in the urban climate, due to the replacement of natural vegetation cover by buildings and street pavements. Vegetation shading for pedestrians, cyclists and vehicles is able to reduce the incidence of radiation on urban soil, minimize air temperature, increase soil and air humidity, promoting greater thermal comfort and well-being for people. In addition to the beautification of the streets, urban afforestation softens the difference between architectural components and green areas. Considering these elements, this study aims to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the improvement of thermal comfort provided by different plant specimens on the cycle path of Av. Universitária in Goiânia - GO. For this, two sections of this urban bike path were considered: one with palm trees and the other with trees. The methodology consisted of: (a) selection of measurement sites; (b) field data collection; (c) interviews with bicycle lane passers-by; (d) analysis of results. Two sections of the Av. Universitária bike path were selected: one with Monguba (Pachira aquatica Aubl.) and Sibipiruna (Cenostigma pluviosum (DC) E. Gagmon & GP Lewis) trees and another with Guariroba (Syagrus oleracea (mart.) Becc) palm trees. The research was based on the collection of meteorological data - air and globe temperature, relative humidity and wind speed - were collected during six days under the shade of plant specimens and in the sun and in the interview with users of the bike path. About this, 148 users were interviewed about the sensation of thermal comfort. The data allowed the calculation of thermal comfort by the PET index (Physiologically Equivalent Temperature) and by the UTCI (Universal Thermal Comfort Index) and the analysis of the influence of obstacles in the immediate surroundings were calculated by the RayMan Pro software. The most comfortable stretch had the presence of the Sibipiruna species that reduced the air temperature by up to 6.8oC, with an average radiant temperature at 3.7ºC, PET at 11ºC and UTCI at 10ºC. About 34% of the people interviewed claimed to be in thermal comfort under the shade of trees and 14.4% under the shade of palm trees. Despite the grouping of Guarirobas providing thermal comfort to the user of cycle paths, the benefits provided by a grouping of trees such as the Sibipiruna species (C. pluviosum) were greater. It was concluded, therefore, that the morphological characteristics among the plant specimens generate different shading areas, distinctly influencing the microclimate.
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RORIZ, J. W. S. A influência da arborização urbana no conforto térmico de pedestres e ciclistas no microclima urbano: caso da av. Universitária de Goiânia-GO. 2021. 105 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Projeto e Cidade) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2021.